Kinetics of the Selective Oxidation of O-xylene to Phthalic Anhydride PDF Download
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Author: Robert Marx
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783943917383
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Author: Robert Marx
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783943917383
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Author: Marc Gerard Nobbenhuis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 103
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Book Description
Author: Jacques Mortier
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527827986
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2751
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Book Description
Industrial Arene Chemistry Explore the wide array of uses for aromatic hydrocarbons in this comprehensive reference Aromatics are a class of compounds—normally but not exclusively organic—which tend to be produced as by-products of various industrial processes. Their importance as petrochemical materials in themselves, along with the range of inter-relations between different aromatic chemicals, creates a complex and opportunity-filled market for aromatics. Industrial Arene Chemistry provides a thorough look at the conventional techniques required to use and produce these aromatic hydrocarbons. Beginning with an overview of the global aromatic market—including, but not limited to, manufacturers, markets of BTX, and downstream functional aromatics, aromatics derived from renewable sources, and economic forecasts—the book will also explore the impact shifting environmental factors will have on the future of aromatic chemistry. The text further explores BTX production processes differentiated according to the raw materials used. Importantly, this will establish the importance and growth of the biobased chemical industry. Industrial Arene Chemistry readers will also find: Case studies that describe major elements of specific technologies prototyped by contributors/companies as part of ongoing market development efforts Process chapters that include summaries of the conventional techniques and a more detailed discussion of recent high-impact studies Recent advances in conventional aromatic reactions, including alkylation, acylation and carboxylation, hydrogenation/reduction, oxidation, nitration/amination, sulfonation, and halogenation Industrial Arene Chemistry is a useful reference for chemists and chemical engineers who work with aromatics.
Author: Philipp Eversfield
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783843936903
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Jyue-Sheng Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysts
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
"This investigation was conducted to study the vapor-phase oxidation of o-xylene to phthalic anhydride in a fluidized bed reactor. Parameters investigated during the study were temperature, molar ratio of air to o-xylene vapor, and space velocity. The catalyst used was vanadium pentoxide supported on a silica base and diluted with potassium sulfate. The studies were conducted on a laboratory scale"--Abstract, leaf ii.
Author: G.F. Froment
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080530621
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 611
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Book Description
Many processes of the chemical industry are based upon heterogeneous catalysis. Two important items of these processes are the development of the catalyst itself and the design and optimization of the reactor. Both aspects would benefit from rigorous and accurate kinetic modeling, based upon information on the working catalyst gained from classical steady state experimentation, but also from studies using surface science techniques, from quantum chemical calculations providing more insight into possible reaction pathways and from transient experimentation dealing with reactions and reactors. This information is seldom combined into a kinetic model and into a quantitative description of the process. Generally the catalytic aspects are dealt with by chemists and by physicists, while the chemical engineers are called upon for mechanical aspects of the reactor design and its control. The symposium "Dynamics of Surfaces and Reaction Kinetics in Heterogeneous Catalysis" aims at illustrating a more global and concerted approach through a number of prestigious keynote lectures and severely screened oral and poster presentations.
Author: Daniel Duprez
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1783263342
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1035
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Book Description
This book offers a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments in both total oxidation and combustion and also in selective oxidation. For each topic, fundamental aspects are paralleled with industrial applications. The book covers oxidation catalysis, one of the major areas of industrial chemistry, outlining recent achievements, current challenges and future opportunities. One distinguishing feature of the book is the selection of arguments which are emblematic of current trends in the chemical industry, such as miniaturization, use of alternative, greener oxidants, and innovative systems for pollutant abatement. Topics outlined are described in terms of both catalyst and reaction chemistry, and also reactor and process technology.
Author: C Kemball
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1847553133
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
There is an increasing challenge for chemical industry and research institutions to find cost-efficient and environmentally sound methods of converting natural resources into fuels chemicals and energy. Catalysts are essential to these processes and the Catalysis Specialist Periodical Report series serves to highlight major developments in this area. This series provides systematic and detailed reviews of topics of interest to scientists and engineers in the catalysis field. The coverage includes all major areas of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis and also specific applications of catalysis such as NOx control kinetics and experimental techniques such as microcalorimetry. Each chapter is compiled by recognised experts within their specialist fields and provides a summary of the current literature. This series will be of interest to all those in academia and industry who need an up-to-date critical analysis and summary of catalysis research and applications. Catalysis will be of interest to anyone working in academia and industry that needs an up-to-date critical analysis and summary of catalysis research and applications. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading experts in their specialist fields, this series is designed to help the chemistry community keep current with the latest developments in their field. Each volume in the series is published either annually or biennially and is a superb reference point for researchers. www.rsc.org/spr
Author: R.A. van Santen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475796439
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
to the Fundamental and Applied Catalysis Series Catalysis is important academically and industrially. It plays an essential role in the manufacture of a wide range of products, from gasoline and plastics to fertilizers and herbicides, which would otherwise be unobtainable or prohibitively expensive. There are few chemical-or oil-based material items in modem society that do not depend in some way on a catalytic stage in their manufacture. Apart from manu facturing processes, catalysis is finding other important and ever-increasing uses; for example, successful applications of catalysis in the control of pollution and its use in environmental control are certain to increase in the future. The commercial importance of catalysis and the diverse intellectual challenges of catalytic phenomena have stimulated study by a broad spectrum of scientists, including chemists, physicists, chemical engineers, and material scientists. Increas ing research activity over the years has brought deeper levels of understanding, and these have been associated with a continually growing amount of published material. As recently as sixty years ago, Rideal and Taylor could still treat the subject comprehensively in a single volume, but by the 1950s Emmett required six volumes, and no conventional multivolume text could now cover the whole of catalysis in any depth. In view of this situation, we felt there was a need for a collection of monographs, each one of which would deal at an advanced level with a selected topic, so as to build a catalysis reference library.
Author: Richard Shih-Chun Chu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysts
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
"This investigation was conducted to further study the vapor-phase oxidation or o-xylene to phthalic anhydride in a fluidized bed catalytic reactor. Parameters investigated during the study were temperature, catalyst volume, and catalyst activated by use or different promoters. Two different vanadium pentoxide catalysts were used. One was a new catalyst(Catalyst I) supported on a silica base and diluted with potassium sulfate. The other catalyst(Catalyst II) was similar to the first one except that it had been used in a commercial fixed bed reactor operated by the Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, using naphthalene as a reed material. It had been suggested that this second catalyst would be "activated" whereas the fresh catalyst would not am the used catalyst would thus give higher yield or phthalic anhydride. Little difference in yield or phthalic anhydride was found, the used catalyst giving slightly lower yields. These studies were conducted on a laboratory scale in equipment similar to that used in earlier studies by Wang(12) but modified in several respects. Phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, o-toluic aldehyde, carbon dioxide and water were obtained as oxidation products. Except water, they are all determined by quantitative analysis. Two different amounts of Catalyst I (24 grams and 102 grams) were used at five different temperatures C320,400,450,490,520°C) to study the effect on the yield per cent or phthalic anhydride. It was found that the optimum reaction temperature is at 490°C when using either amount of catalyst. The highest yields of phthalic anhydride obtained were 21.5 per cent when using 24 grams of Catalyst I and 24.3 per cent when using 102 grams. The highest yield of phthalic anhydride was 19.6 per cent when 137 grams of Catalyst II were used at 490°C and the lowest yield was 9.6 per cent at 320°C. The effect of the addition of bromine, phenol bromide, and 1-3 dibromo-propane, as promoters, was also investigated. These promoters were introduced into the liquid o-xylene feed in separate tests. It was again found from a number of tests at different reactor temperatures that 490°C gave the highest yield of phthalic anhydride, 36.2 per cent. This yield was obtained using 5 per cent by volume of liquid bromine in the feed and 102 grams of Catalyst I"--Abstract, pages ii-iii.
