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Author: John Happel
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323160182
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
Isotopic Assessment of Heterogeneous Catalysis deals with the use of isotopic tracing to study the reaction mechanisms involved in heterogeneous catalysis. It presents special methods for using isotopic and radioactive atomic species for obtaining meaningful kinetic data that can be quantitatively used in mechanistic modeling. It also considers a number of industrial reactions under steady-state reaction conditions in which superposed tracer transfer is also at steady state. This book is comprised of eight chapters and begins with an introduction to heterogeneous catalysis and an approach to reaction modeling, as well as the experimental reactors for obtaining the type of measurements and data needed in transient modeling. The application of isotopes in studies of heterogeneous catalysis is also discussed. Subsequent chapters focus on the choice of intermediates and reaction steps in tracer experiments; the number of overall stoichiometric chemical reactions that can occur in order to generate product molecules from reactants; superposition modeling of mechanisms; and steady-state tracing. Transient tracing and the development of rate equations are also described. This monograph is intended primarily for students and teachers of such subjects as physical chemistry, as well as research scientists and technologists.
Author: John Happel
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323160182
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Get Book Here
Book Description
Isotopic Assessment of Heterogeneous Catalysis deals with the use of isotopic tracing to study the reaction mechanisms involved in heterogeneous catalysis. It presents special methods for using isotopic and radioactive atomic species for obtaining meaningful kinetic data that can be quantitatively used in mechanistic modeling. It also considers a number of industrial reactions under steady-state reaction conditions in which superposed tracer transfer is also at steady state. This book is comprised of eight chapters and begins with an introduction to heterogeneous catalysis and an approach to reaction modeling, as well as the experimental reactors for obtaining the type of measurements and data needed in transient modeling. The application of isotopes in studies of heterogeneous catalysis is also discussed. Subsequent chapters focus on the choice of intermediates and reaction steps in tracer experiments; the number of overall stoichiometric chemical reactions that can occur in order to generate product molecules from reactants; superposition modeling of mechanisms; and steady-state tracing. Transient tracing and the development of rate equations are also described. This monograph is intended primarily for students and teachers of such subjects as physical chemistry, as well as research scientists and technologists.
Author: Justin S J Hargreaves
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1783260157
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
The purpose of this book is to review the current, state-of-the-art application of isotopic methods to the field of heterogeneous catalysis. Isotopic studies are arguably the ultimate technique in in situ methods for heterogeneous catalysis. In this review volume, chapters have been contributed by experts in the field and the coverage includes both the application of specific isotopes — Deuterium, Tritium, Carbon-14, Sulfur-35 and Oxygen-18 - as well as isotopic techniques — determination of surface mobility, steady state transient isotope kinetic analysis, and positron emission profiling.
Author: Marilyn May-Lin Ho
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
Author: Dennis R. Salahub
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401128227
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
Metal-ligand interactions are currently being studied in different fields, from a variety of points of view, and recent progress has been substantial. Whole new classes of compounds and reactions have been found; an arsenal of physical methods has been developed; mechanistic detail can be ascertained to an increasingly minute degree; and the theory is being developed to handle systems of ever-growing complexity. As usual, such multidisciplinarity leads to great opportunities, coupled with great problems of communication between specialists. It is in its promotion of interactions across these fields that Metal-Ligand Interactions: From Atoms, to Clusters, to Surfaces makes its timely contribution: the tools, both theoretical and experimental, are highly developed, and fundamental questions remain unanswered. The most fundamental of these concerns the nature of the microscopic interactions between metal atoms (clusters, surfaces) and ligands (atoms, molecules, absorbates, reagents, products) and the changes in these interactions during physical and chemical transformation. In Metal-Ligand Interactions, leading experts discuss the following, vital aspects: ab initio theory, semi-empirical theory, density functional theory, complexes and clusters, surfaces, and catalysis.
Author: Stanislaw Sieniutycz
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128236361
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Complexity and Complex Chemo-Electric Systems presents an analysis and synthesis of chemo-electric systems, providing insights on transports in electrolytes, electrode reactions, electrocatalysis, electrochemical membranes, and various aspects of heterogeneous systems and electrochemical engineering. The book describes the properties of complexity and complex chemo-electric systems as the consequence of formulations, definitions, tools, solutions and results that are often consistent with the best performance of the system. The book handles cybernetics, systems theory and advanced contemporary techniques such as optimal control, neural networks and stochastic optimizations (adaptive random search, genetic algorithms, and simulated annealing). A brief part of the book is devoted to issues such as various definitions of complexity, hierarchical structures, self-organization examples, special references, and historical issues. This resource complements Sieniutycz' recently published book, Complexity and Complex Thermodynamic Systems, with its inclusion of complex chemo-electric systems in which complexities, emergent properties and self-organization play essential roles. - Covers the theory and applications of complex chemo-electric systems through modeling, analysis, synthesis and optimization - Provides a clear presentation of the applications of transport theory to electrolyte solutions, heterogeneous electrochemical systems, membranes, electro-kinetic phenomena and interface processes - Includes numerous explanatory graphs and drawings that illustrate the properties and complexities in complex chemo-electric systems - Written by an experienced expert in the field of advanced methods in thermodynamics and related aspects of macroscopic physics
Author: Roberto Fernandez-Prini
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080471994
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 767
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Book Description
The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS) has produced this book in order to provide an accessible, up-to-date overview of important aspects of the physical chemistry of aqueous systems at high temperatures and pressures. These systems are central to many areas of scientific study and industrial application, including electric power generation, industrial steam systems, hydrothermal processing of materials, geochemistry, and environmental applications. The authors' goal is to present the material at a level that serves both the graduate student seeking to learn the state of the art, and also the industrial engineer or chemist seeking to develop additional expertise or to find the data needed to solve a specific problem. The wide range of people for whom this topic is important provides a challenge. Advanced work in this area is distributed among physical chemists, chemical engineers, geochemists, and other specialists, who may not be aware of parallel work by those outside their own specialty. The particular aspects of high-temperature aqueous physical chemistry of interest to one industry may be irrelevant to another; yet another industry might need the same basic information but in a very different form. To serve all these constituencies, the book includes several chapters that cover the foundational thermophysical properties (such as gas solubility, phase behavior, thermodynamic properties of solutes, and transport properties) that are of interest across numerous applications. The presentation of these topics is intended to be accessible to readers from a variety of backgrounds. Other chapters address fundamental areas of more specialized interest, such as critical phenomena and molecular-level solution structure. Several chapters are more application-oriented, addressing areas such as power-cycle chemistry and hydrothermal synthesis. As befits the variety of interests addressed, some chapters provide more theoretical guidance while others, such as those on acid/base equilibria and the solubilities of metal oxides and hydroxides, emphasize experimental techniques and data analysis.- Covers both the theory and applications of all Hydrothermal solutions - Provides an accessible, up-to-date overview of important aspects of the physical chemistry of aqueous systems at high temperatures and pressures- The presentation of the book is understandable to readers from a variety of backgrounds
Author: James J Spivey
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1847553249
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
There is an increasing challenge for chemical industry and research institutions to find cost-efficient and environmentally sound methods of converting natural resources into fuels chemicals and energy. Catalysts are essential to these processes and the Catalysis Specialist Periodical Report series serves to highlight major developments in this area. This series provides systematic and detailed reviews of topics of interest to scientists and engineers in the catalysis field. The coverage includes all major areas of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis and also specific applications of catalysis such as NOx control kinetics and experimental techniques such as microcalorimetry. Each chapter is compiled by recognised experts within their specialist fields and provides a summary of the current literature. This series will be of interest to all those in academia and industry who need an up-to-date critical analysis and summary of catalysis research and applications. Catalysis will be of interest to anyone working in academia and industry that needs an up-to-date critical analysis and summary of catalysis research and applications. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading experts in their specialist fields, this series is designed to help the chemistry community keep current with the latest developments in their field. Each volume in the series is published either annually or biennially and is a superb reference point for researchers. www.rsc.org/spr
Author: Rolf Voges
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780470743430
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 682
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Book Description
Compounds labeled with carbon-14 and tritium are indispensable tools for research in biomedical sciences, discovery and development of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Preparation of Compounds Labeled with Tritium and Carbon-14 is a comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date discussion of the strategies, synthetic approaches, reactions techniques, and resources for the preparation of compounds labeled with either of these isotopes. A large number of examples are presented for the use of isotopic sources and building blocks in the preparation of labeled target compounds, illustrating the range of possibilities for embedding isotopic labels in selected moieties of complex structures. Topics include: Formulation of synthetic strategies for preparing labeled compounds Isotope exchange methods and synthetic alternatives for preparing tritiated compounds In-depth discussion of carbon-14 building blocks and their utility in synthesis Preparation of enantiomerically pure isotopically labeled compounds Applications of biotransformations Preparation of Compounds Labeled with Tritium and Carbon-14 is an essential guide to the specialist strategies and tactics used by chemists to prepare compounds tagged with theradioactive atoms carbon-14 and tritium.
Author: Lyle Albright
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824785888
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
Author: Valeri P. Tolstoy
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047135404X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 741
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Book Description
Because of the rapid increase in commercially available Fourier transform infrared spectrometers and computers over the past ten years, it has now become feasible to use IR spectrometry to characterize very thin films at extended interfaces. At the same time, interest in thin films has grown tremendously because of applications in microelectronics, sensors, catalysis, and nanotechnology. The Handbook of Infrared Spectroscopy of Ultrathin Films provides a practical guide to experimental methods, up-to-date theory, and considerable reference data, critical for scientists who want to measure and interpret IR spectra of ultrathin films. This authoritative volume also: Offers information needed to effectively apply IR spectroscopy to the analysis and evaluation of thin and ultrathin films on flat and rough surfaces and on powders at solid-gaseous, solid-liquid, liquid-gaseous, liquid-liquid, and solid-solid interfaces. * Provides full discussion of theory underlying techniques * Describes experimental methods in detail, including optimum conditions for recording spectra and the interpretation of spectra * Gives detailed information on equipment, accessories, and techniques * Provides IR spectroscopic data tables as appendixes, including the first compilation of published data on longitudinal frequencies of different substances * Covers new approaches, such as Surface Enhanced IR spectroscopy (SEIR), time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy, high-resolution microspectroscopy and using synchotron radiation
