Investigations of Tungsten Oxide Thin Films as a New High Data Storage Chromatic Material PDF Download
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Author: Hong Qiu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Information storage and retrieval systems
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
Author: Hong Qiu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Information storage and retrieval systems
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Author: M. C. Rao
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783845429892
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
The energy conversion, storage and distribution are the important concerns of our civilization in order to meet the challenges of global warming and finite nature of the fossil fuels. In response to the needs of the modern society and emerging technological advancements, it is now essential that new, low cost and environment friendly energy conversion and storage systems are to be developed. As the general tendency of all advanced technologies is towards miniaturization, it is evident that the future development of batteries is aimed at smaller dimensions with higher-energy densities. The development of solid-state batteries parallels the development of semiconductor electronics. Systematic and detailed investigations were made on the growth and characterization of tungsten oxide thin films considering the importance of these films in the fabrication of all solid state microbattery application.
Author: Sey-shing Sun
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Thin films
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Electrochromism (reversible color change of a material, induced by an electric field) has been investigated in tungsten trioxide thin films. It is known that electrochromic device lifetime is generally limited by corrosion of WO3 films in an acid electrolyte. Two mechanisms of corrosion were observed, viz., general dissolution and interfacial delamination. It was found that the dissolution of WO3 films in acid could be attributed to high concentration of thermodynamically unstable species (W02 and W2O5) in the as-deposited films. These species were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data and are consistent with Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy data which showed an oxygen deficiency (0/W = 2.76). The Pourbaix diagram for tungsten indicated that WO3 was the thermodynamically stable specie for the present storage condition (pH = 0.5, E = 0.4 Vshe). A corrosion mechanism was proposed consisting of dissolution of WO2 and W2O5 and precipitation of crystalline WO3 and its hydrates. Interfacial delamination occurred when WO3 and its hydrates precipitated back onto the original films. The oxygen content in the WO3 films was increased by oxygen backfilling during evaporation. Dissolution and interfacial delamination of the oxygen enriched films were reduced to negligible rates due to reduced concentration of WO2 and W2O5 . However, the electrochromic properties were degraded by oxygen enrichment. For example, increased resistivity and decreased optical efficiency in the oxygen enriched films resulted in slower coloration speed. The resistivity increase and decreased optical efficiency were explained by postulating an increased density of inactive electron trapping sites. The porosity of the films could be increased by deposition at high background pressure, resulting in increased surface area and absorbed water. The bleaching speeds and self-erasure rates were increased since the rates of removal of protons were increased by the increases in porosity and absorbed water. In another approach to increase the electrochromic device lifetime, the electrolyte was modified. Devices using a solution of LiClO4 in propylene carbonate exhibited excellent lifetime. Switching speeds were increased by increased porosity, deposition of MgF2 overlayers, and more conductive indium-tin-oxide layers. In addition, solid state electrochromic devices using a hydrated MgF3 film were fabricated.
Author: Milton Ohring
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780125249904
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 744
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Prepared as a textbook complete with problems after each chapter, specifically intended for classroom use in universities.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 974
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Author: National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1162
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Author: Hugh Angus Macleod
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 550
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Book Description
Optical coatings found in almost all optical instruments and devices are frequently the ultimate determinants of performance. This text is a rigorous review of the theory, manufacture and use of thin-film coatings, ranging from basic electromagnetic ideas to the operation of coating plants. The book collects data from a wide range of sources and will provide a useful introductory text for graduates in physics, optics and electrical engineering, technicians and specialists in optics, aerospace and the scientific instrument industry, newcomers to the field, and an invaluable reference for the wide range of specialists using thin-film coatings. This edition is a complete revision of the first, containing much new material and now using SI units.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic journals
Languages : en
Pages : 628
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Monthly. Papers presented at recent meeting held all over the world by scientific, technical, engineering and medical groups. Sources are meeting programs and abstract publications, as well as questionnaires. Arranged under 17 subject sections, 7 of direct interest to the life scientist. Full programs of meetings listed under sections. Entry gives citation number, paper title, name, mailing address, and any ordering number assigned. Quarterly and annual indexes to subjects, authors, and programs (not available in monthly issues).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 1346
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Author: Bell Telephone Laboratories, inc. Technical Information Libraries
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 1014
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