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Author: Robert B. Driscoll
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
An experimental study is conducted on a Pulse Detonation Engine-Crossover System to investigate the feasibility of repeated, shock-initiated combustion and characterize the initiation performance. A PDE-crossover system can decrease deflagration-to-detonation transition length while employing a single spark source to initiate a multi-PDE system. Visualization of a transferred shock wave propagating through a clear channel reveals a complex shock train behind the leading shock. Shock wave Mach number and decay rate remains constant for varying crossover tube geometries and operational frequencies. A temperature gradient forms within the crossover tube due to forward flow of high temperature ionized gas into the crossover tube from the driver PDE and backward flow of ionized gas into the crossover tube from the driven PDE, which can cause intermittent auto-ignition of the driver PDE. Initiation performance in the driven PDE is strongly dependent on initial driven PDE skin temperature in the shock wave reflection region. An array of detonation tubes connected with crossover tubes is developed using optimized parameters and successful operation utilizing shock-initiated combustion through shock wave reflection is achieved and sustained. Finally, an air-breathing, PDE-Crossover System is developed to characterize the feasibility of shock-initiated combustion within an air-breathing pulse detonation engine. The initiation effectiveness of shock-initiated combustion is compared to spark discharge and detonation injection through a pre-detonator. In all cases, shock-initiated combustion produces improved initiation performance over spark discharge and comparable detonation transition run-up lengths relative to pre-detonator initiation. A computational study characterizes the mixing processes and injection flow field within a rotating detonation engine. Injection parameters including reactant flow rate, reactant injection area, placement of the fuel injection, and fuel injection distribution are varied to assess the impact on mixing. Decreasing reactant injection areas improves fuel penetration into the cross-flowing air stream, enhances turbulent diffusion of the fuel within the annulus, and increases local equivalence ratio and fluid mixedness. Staggering fuel injection holes produces a decrease in mixing when compared to collinear fuel injection. Finally, emulating nozzle integration by increasing annulus back-pressure increases local equivalence ratio in the injection region due to increased convection residence time.
Author: Robert B. Driscoll
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
An experimental study is conducted on a Pulse Detonation Engine-Crossover System to investigate the feasibility of repeated, shock-initiated combustion and characterize the initiation performance. A PDE-crossover system can decrease deflagration-to-detonation transition length while employing a single spark source to initiate a multi-PDE system. Visualization of a transferred shock wave propagating through a clear channel reveals a complex shock train behind the leading shock. Shock wave Mach number and decay rate remains constant for varying crossover tube geometries and operational frequencies. A temperature gradient forms within the crossover tube due to forward flow of high temperature ionized gas into the crossover tube from the driver PDE and backward flow of ionized gas into the crossover tube from the driven PDE, which can cause intermittent auto-ignition of the driver PDE. Initiation performance in the driven PDE is strongly dependent on initial driven PDE skin temperature in the shock wave reflection region. An array of detonation tubes connected with crossover tubes is developed using optimized parameters and successful operation utilizing shock-initiated combustion through shock wave reflection is achieved and sustained. Finally, an air-breathing, PDE-Crossover System is developed to characterize the feasibility of shock-initiated combustion within an air-breathing pulse detonation engine. The initiation effectiveness of shock-initiated combustion is compared to spark discharge and detonation injection through a pre-detonator. In all cases, shock-initiated combustion produces improved initiation performance over spark discharge and comparable detonation transition run-up lengths relative to pre-detonator initiation. A computational study characterizes the mixing processes and injection flow field within a rotating detonation engine. Injection parameters including reactant flow rate, reactant injection area, placement of the fuel injection, and fuel injection distribution are varied to assess the impact on mixing. Decreasing reactant injection areas improves fuel penetration into the cross-flowing air stream, enhances turbulent diffusion of the fuel within the annulus, and increases local equivalence ratio and fluid mixedness. Staggering fuel injection holes produces a decrease in mixing when compared to collinear fuel injection. Finally, emulating nozzle integration by increasing annulus back-pressure increases local equivalence ratio in the injection region due to increased convection residence time.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309109159
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Attacks in London, Madrid, Bali, Oklahoma City and other places indicate that improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are among the weapons of choice of terrorists throughout the world. Scientists and engineers have developed various technologies that have been used to counter individual IED attacks, but events in Iraq and elsewhere indicate that the effectiveness of IEDs as weapons of asymmetric warfare remains. The Office of Naval Research has asked The National Research Council to examine the current state of knowledge and practice in the prevention, detection, and mitigation of the effects of IEDs and make recommendations for avenues of research toward the goal of making these devices an ineffective tool of asymmetric warfare. The book includes recommendations such as identifying the most important and most vulnerable elements in the chain of events leading up to an IED attack, determining how resources can be controlled in order to prevent the construction of IEDs, new analytical methods and data modeling to predict the ever-changing behavior of insurgents/terrorists, a deeper understanding of social divisions in societies, enhanced capabilities for persistent surveillance, and improved IED detection capabilities.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bombings
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author: Brian Draycott Edwards
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Jiun-Ming Li
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319689061
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
This book focuses on the latest developments in detonation engines for aerospace propulsion, with a focus on the rotating detonation engine (RDE). State-of-the-art research contributions are collected from international leading researchers devoted to the pursuit of controllable detonations for practical detonation propulsion. A system-level design of novel detonation engines, performance analysis, and advanced experimental and numerical methods are covered. In addition, the world’s first successful sled demonstration of a rocket rotating detonation engine system and innovations in the development of a kilohertz pulse detonation engine (PDE) system are reported. Readers will obtain, in a straightforward manner, an understanding of the RDE & PDE design, operation and testing approaches, and further specific integration schemes for diverse applications such as rockets for space propulsion and turbojet/ramjet engines for air-breathing propulsion. Detonation Control for Propulsion: Pulse Detonation and Rotating Detonation Engines provides, with its comprehensive coverage from fundamental detonation science to practical research engineering techniques, a wealth of information for scientists in the field of combustion and propulsion. The volume can also serve as a reference text for faculty and graduate students and interested in shock waves, combustion and propulsion.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Arson
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
Author: National Institute of Justice (U.S.). Technical Working Group for Bombing Scene Investigation
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bombing investigation
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
Author: Anthony M. J. Bull
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319218670
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
This book aims to help clinicians who seek to conduct science and engineering based research on blast injuries as well as engineers and scientists who seek to apply their expertise to address blast injuries. Blast injuries are prevalent. While the current conflict in Afghanistan is reaching its final stages, the legacy of landmines will sadly ensure that injuries and fatalities will continue to occur. The understanding of these injuries and the science behind their mitigation and treatment is a multi-disciplinary effort. Current knowledge has rapidly grown due to recent conflicts, yet the learning has not yet been captured in any formal way.
Author: Sam Stuart
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483261573
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1118
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Book Description
Ninth Symposium (International) on Combustion covers the proceedings of the Ninth Symposium (International) on Combustion, held at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York on August 27 to September 1, 1962, under the auspices of the Combustion Institute. The book focuses on the processes and reactions involved in combustion. The selection first offers information on flame strength of propane-oxygen flames at low pressures in turbulent flow and mixing and flow in ducted turbulent jets. Topics include radial profile of the jetting velocity, radial growth of the jet, and mixing zones of a ducted jet. The text then elaborates on turbulent flame studies in two-dimensional open burners; turbulent mass transfer and rates of combustion in confined turbulent flames; and flame stabilization in a boundary layer. The publication examines the theoretical study of properties of laminar steady state flames as a function of properties of their chemical components and spectra of alkali metal-organic halide flames. The text then takes a look at the thermal radiation theory for plane flame propagation in coal dust clouds; flame characteristics of the diborane-hydrazine system; and studies of the combustion of dimethyl hydrazine and related compounds. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the processes and reactions involved in combustion.
