Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 11
Book Description
High-purity (99.99%) aluminum that had been subjected to equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) was analyzed by orientation imaging microscopy (OIM). The analysis of microtexture and microstructure by OIM will be reviewed. The ECAP pressing was conducted at room temperature with a die that had a 900 angle between the die channels and repetitive pressings followed either route A, Bc or C. Billets were examined after one pass and after four or twelve passes by each of the ECAP routes. After one pressing operation, the deformation-induced microstructure was inhomogeneous at the resolution of OIM and consisted mostly of subgrains. Following four pressings by each of the routes, the microstructures were homogeneous and exhibited similar (sub)grain sizes l.3mum). Elongation and alignment of the (sub)grains with the shearing direction of the last pressing operation was observed in all cases. The corresponding disorientation distributions showed significant increases in the fractions of high-angle boundaries (theta greater than l5 deg) although processing route had little apparent effect on the observed distributions. However, distinct differences were noted in the microtexture data. After 12 pressing operations by any of the different routes the grain size was reduced further to about 10mum. The fraction of high-angle boundaries also increased slightly but, again, processing route had little effect on the disorientation distribution. Different textures were apparent for each processing route, although texture data for all routes indicated that a 111 tended to align with the shear plane of the final pressing pass.
Influence of Processing Route on Microstructure and Grain Boundary Development During Equal-Channel Angular Pressing of Pure Aluminum
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 11
Book Description
High-purity (99.99%) aluminum that had been subjected to equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) was analyzed by orientation imaging microscopy (OIM). The analysis of microtexture and microstructure by OIM will be reviewed. The ECAP pressing was conducted at room temperature with a die that had a 900 angle between the die channels and repetitive pressings followed either route A, Bc or C. Billets were examined after one pass and after four or twelve passes by each of the ECAP routes. After one pressing operation, the deformation-induced microstructure was inhomogeneous at the resolution of OIM and consisted mostly of subgrains. Following four pressings by each of the routes, the microstructures were homogeneous and exhibited similar (sub)grain sizes l.3mum). Elongation and alignment of the (sub)grains with the shearing direction of the last pressing operation was observed in all cases. The corresponding disorientation distributions showed significant increases in the fractions of high-angle boundaries (theta greater than l5 deg) although processing route had little apparent effect on the observed distributions. However, distinct differences were noted in the microtexture data. After 12 pressing operations by any of the different routes the grain size was reduced further to about 10mum. The fraction of high-angle boundaries also increased slightly but, again, processing route had little effect on the disorientation distribution. Different textures were apparent for each processing route, although texture data for all routes indicated that a 111 tended to align with the shear plane of the final pressing pass.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 11
Book Description
High-purity (99.99%) aluminum that had been subjected to equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) was analyzed by orientation imaging microscopy (OIM). The analysis of microtexture and microstructure by OIM will be reviewed. The ECAP pressing was conducted at room temperature with a die that had a 900 angle between the die channels and repetitive pressings followed either route A, Bc or C. Billets were examined after one pass and after four or twelve passes by each of the ECAP routes. After one pressing operation, the deformation-induced microstructure was inhomogeneous at the resolution of OIM and consisted mostly of subgrains. Following four pressings by each of the routes, the microstructures were homogeneous and exhibited similar (sub)grain sizes l.3mum). Elongation and alignment of the (sub)grains with the shearing direction of the last pressing operation was observed in all cases. The corresponding disorientation distributions showed significant increases in the fractions of high-angle boundaries (theta greater than l5 deg) although processing route had little apparent effect on the observed distributions. However, distinct differences were noted in the microtexture data. After 12 pressing operations by any of the different routes the grain size was reduced further to about 10mum. The fraction of high-angle boundaries also increased slightly but, again, processing route had little effect on the disorientation distribution. Different textures were apparent for each processing route, although texture data for all routes indicated that a 111 tended to align with the shear plane of the final pressing pass.
Ultrafine Grained Materials II
Author: Yuntian Theodore Zhu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118804481
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 886
Book Description
Proceedings of a symposium sponsored by the Shaping and Forming Committee of the Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division (MPMD) and the Mechanical Behavior Committee (Jt. SMD/ASM-MSCTS) of the Structural Materials Division (SMD) of TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society) and held during the 2002 TMS Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington February 17-21,2002.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118804481
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 886
Book Description
Proceedings of a symposium sponsored by the Shaping and Forming Committee of the Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division (MPMD) and the Mechanical Behavior Committee (Jt. SMD/ASM-MSCTS) of the Structural Materials Division (SMD) of TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society) and held during the 2002 TMS Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington February 17-21,2002.
An Investigation of Microstructure and Grain-Boundary Evolution During ECA Pressing of Pure Aluminum
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
High-purity aluminum (99.99 pct) was processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) at room temperature through a die with a 90 deg angle between the die channels. Samples were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) methods after one, four, and 12 passes through the die. Repetitively pressed samples were rotated by 90 deg in the same sense between successive pressing operations (route Bc). After one pressing, TEM showed a subgrain structure which was elongated in the shearing direction. Corresponding OIM data illustrated an inhomogeneous microstructure in which bandlike features were also aligned with the shearing direction. The lattice orientation varied from location to location in the material. The boundary disorientation distribution determined from the OIM data exhibited a peak at 2 to 5 deg, in agreement with a predominance of subgrains in the microstructure. After four pressings, the microstructure data obtained by TEM and OIM were mutually consistent. The disorientation data revealed a decrease in the population of 2 to 5 deg boundaries accompanied by an overall upward shift in the distribution. Two orientations were generally apparent in the texture, although specific orientations varied with location. Often, a (111) orientation tended to align with the shear direction. Following 12 ECA passes, the grain size was reduced further to about 1.0 mum. The populations of high-angle boundaries (greater than l5 deg) increased in the disorientation distribution. A texture characteristic of shear deformation of fcc metals became apparent, although the orientations and particular components varied with location. Microstructural refinement during severe straining includes the development of large fractions of high-angle boundaries.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
High-purity aluminum (99.99 pct) was processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) at room temperature through a die with a 90 deg angle between the die channels. Samples were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) methods after one, four, and 12 passes through the die. Repetitively pressed samples were rotated by 90 deg in the same sense between successive pressing operations (route Bc). After one pressing, TEM showed a subgrain structure which was elongated in the shearing direction. Corresponding OIM data illustrated an inhomogeneous microstructure in which bandlike features were also aligned with the shearing direction. The lattice orientation varied from location to location in the material. The boundary disorientation distribution determined from the OIM data exhibited a peak at 2 to 5 deg, in agreement with a predominance of subgrains in the microstructure. After four pressings, the microstructure data obtained by TEM and OIM were mutually consistent. The disorientation data revealed a decrease in the population of 2 to 5 deg boundaries accompanied by an overall upward shift in the distribution. Two orientations were generally apparent in the texture, although specific orientations varied with location. Often, a (111) orientation tended to align with the shear direction. Following 12 ECA passes, the grain size was reduced further to about 1.0 mum. The populations of high-angle boundaries (greater than l5 deg) increased in the disorientation distribution. A texture characteristic of shear deformation of fcc metals became apparent, although the orientations and particular components varied with location. Microstructural refinement during severe straining includes the development of large fractions of high-angle boundaries.
Principles of Equal-channel Angular Pressing as a Processing Tool for Grain Refinement
Author: Ruslan Zufarovich Valiev
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Metallurgical research
Languages : en
Pages : 120
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Metallurgical research
Languages : en
Pages : 120
Book Description
Microstructure Development in 6000 Series Aluminum Alloys Processed Via Equal Channel Angular Extrusion
Author: William Heffner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
ABSTRACT: Industry standard 6061 and 6063 Aluminum alloys were processed by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) at room temperature using a Bc route with a constant feed rate of 0.25 mm/s through a die angle of 90° between the die channels. The influence of ECAE processing on the evolution of the microstructure, microtexture and microhardness in the material was studied using orientation imaging microscopy (OIM), X-ray diffractometry, and Vickers microhardness testing. Detailed analysis was carried out on samples of the as-received, one, two, four and eight pass conditions.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
ABSTRACT: Industry standard 6061 and 6063 Aluminum alloys were processed by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) at room temperature using a Bc route with a constant feed rate of 0.25 mm/s through a die angle of 90° between the die channels. The influence of ECAE processing on the evolution of the microstructure, microtexture and microhardness in the material was studied using orientation imaging microscopy (OIM), X-ray diffractometry, and Vickers microhardness testing. Detailed analysis was carried out on samples of the as-received, one, two, four and eight pass conditions.
Chemical Abstracts
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 2626
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 2626
Book Description
Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation
Author: Zenji Horita
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
ISBN: 3038130540
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1050
Book Description
Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) has proved to be an attractive tool for obtaining ultrafine-grained and nanocrystalline materials in bulk form; free of defects such as pores and impurities. Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
ISBN: 3038130540
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1050
Book Description
Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) has proved to be an attractive tool for obtaining ultrafine-grained and nanocrystalline materials in bulk form; free of defects such as pores and impurities. Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).
Nanostructured Metals and Alloys
Author: S H Whang
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857091123
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 840
Book Description
Tensile strength, fatigue strength and ductility are important properties of nanostructured metallic materials, which make them suitable for use in applications where strength or strength-to-weight ratios are important. Nanostructured metals and alloys reviews the latest technologies used for production of these materials, as well as recent advances in research into their structure and mechanical properties.One of the most important issues facing nanostructured metals and alloys is how to produce them. Part one describes the different methods used to process bulk nanostructured metals and alloys, including chapters on severe plastic deformation, mechanical alloying and electrodeposition among others. Part two concentrates on the microstructure and properties of nanostructured metals, with chapters studying deformation structures such as twins, microstructure of ferrous alloys by equal channel angular processing, and characteristic structures of nanostructured metals prepared by plastic deformation. In part three, the mechanical properties of nanostructured metals and alloys are discussed, with chapters on such topics as strengthening mechanisms, nanostructured metals based on molecular dynamics computer simulations, and surface deformation. Part four focuses on existing and developing applications of nanostructured metals and alloys, covering topics such as nanostructured steel for automotives, steel sheet and nanostructured coatings by spraying.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Nanostructured metals and alloys is a standard reference for manufacturers of metal components, as well as those with an academic research interest in metals and materials with enhanced properties.
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857091123
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 840
Book Description
Tensile strength, fatigue strength and ductility are important properties of nanostructured metallic materials, which make them suitable for use in applications where strength or strength-to-weight ratios are important. Nanostructured metals and alloys reviews the latest technologies used for production of these materials, as well as recent advances in research into their structure and mechanical properties.One of the most important issues facing nanostructured metals and alloys is how to produce them. Part one describes the different methods used to process bulk nanostructured metals and alloys, including chapters on severe plastic deformation, mechanical alloying and electrodeposition among others. Part two concentrates on the microstructure and properties of nanostructured metals, with chapters studying deformation structures such as twins, microstructure of ferrous alloys by equal channel angular processing, and characteristic structures of nanostructured metals prepared by plastic deformation. In part three, the mechanical properties of nanostructured metals and alloys are discussed, with chapters on such topics as strengthening mechanisms, nanostructured metals based on molecular dynamics computer simulations, and surface deformation. Part four focuses on existing and developing applications of nanostructured metals and alloys, covering topics such as nanostructured steel for automotives, steel sheet and nanostructured coatings by spraying.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Nanostructured metals and alloys is a standard reference for manufacturers of metal components, as well as those with an academic research interest in metals and materials with enhanced properties.
Severe Plastic Deformation
Author: Ghader Faraji
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128135670
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 325
Book Description
Severe Plastic Deformation: Methods, Processing and Properties examines all severe plastic deformation techniques developed over the past two decades, exploring the appropriate severe plastic deformation method for a particular case. The book offers an overview of these methods, introduces ultrafine-grained and nano-grained metals and methods for various bulk, sheet, tubular and large size samples, reviews effective parameters to make a severe plastic deformation method better, from property (mechanical) and processing (cost, time, load, etc.) viewpoints, discusses mechanical, physical and chemical properties of UFG and NS metals, and concludes with various applications for these methods. Over the last several decades, a large number of severe plastic deformation methods have been developed for processing a wide array of metals for superior properties, making this a timely resource. Collects all severe plastic deformation methods in a unique reference Compares severe plastic deformation methods from several viewpoints, including processing and final property Classifies severe plastic deformation methods based on the sample shape and mechanics, as well as the properties achieved in the processed metal Introduces ultrafine-grained and nano-grained metals and methods for various bulk, sheet, tubular and large size samples
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128135670
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 325
Book Description
Severe Plastic Deformation: Methods, Processing and Properties examines all severe plastic deformation techniques developed over the past two decades, exploring the appropriate severe plastic deformation method for a particular case. The book offers an overview of these methods, introduces ultrafine-grained and nano-grained metals and methods for various bulk, sheet, tubular and large size samples, reviews effective parameters to make a severe plastic deformation method better, from property (mechanical) and processing (cost, time, load, etc.) viewpoints, discusses mechanical, physical and chemical properties of UFG and NS metals, and concludes with various applications for these methods. Over the last several decades, a large number of severe plastic deformation methods have been developed for processing a wide array of metals for superior properties, making this a timely resource. Collects all severe plastic deformation methods in a unique reference Compares severe plastic deformation methods from several viewpoints, including processing and final property Classifies severe plastic deformation methods based on the sample shape and mechanics, as well as the properties achieved in the processed metal Introduces ultrafine-grained and nano-grained metals and methods for various bulk, sheet, tubular and large size samples
Magnesium Alloys and Their Applications
Author: Barry L. Mordike
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 764
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 764
Book Description