In-situ Stress Determination in Soil and Rock Using the Acoustic Emission Method PDF Download
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Author: Arthur E. Lord
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acoustic emission testing
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
A project was undertaken to determine how well acoustic emission (AE) techniques could be used to determine the existing stress state in rock and soil masses. It was found in rock that the Kaiser Effect (No AE until previous stress level EXCEEDED) was obeyed for short times (delay times) after stress application, but was not obeyed for delay times longer than about 100-1000 hours. In soil, the Kaiser effect was obeyed, but the effect of delay times was not investigated. These results apply to a very wide variety of rock and soil types. A Goodman rock jack was retrofitted with an AE transducer assembly and field tested in large discrete rock masses at a rock quarry and in bore holes in six different sites with varying rock types. This acoustic-rock jack functioned very well above and below the water table. The existing horizontal stresses, predicted from breaks in the AE versus applied stress curves, were of the same order (on the higher end) as those determined by more conventional mthods of determining the existing stress state. A Menard pressuremeter was retrofitted with an AE transducer assembly, and used in bore holes in the field in various soil types. Preliminary field work has shown this acoustic pressuremeter to work well to depths of 10 feet (only used above the water table so far). The existing horizontal (lateral) stresses predicted from the AE pressuremeter results were in the higher portion of the expected values.
Author: Arthur E. Lord
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acoustic emission testing
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
A project was undertaken to determine how well acoustic emission (AE) techniques could be used to determine the existing stress state in rock and soil masses. It was found in rock that the Kaiser Effect (No AE until previous stress level EXCEEDED) was obeyed for short times (delay times) after stress application, but was not obeyed for delay times longer than about 100-1000 hours. In soil, the Kaiser effect was obeyed, but the effect of delay times was not investigated. These results apply to a very wide variety of rock and soil types. A Goodman rock jack was retrofitted with an AE transducer assembly and field tested in large discrete rock masses at a rock quarry and in bore holes in six different sites with varying rock types. This acoustic-rock jack functioned very well above and below the water table. The existing horizontal stresses, predicted from breaks in the AE versus applied stress curves, were of the same order (on the higher end) as those determined by more conventional mthods of determining the existing stress state. A Menard pressuremeter was retrofitted with an AE transducer assembly, and used in bore holes in the field in various soil types. Preliminary field work has shown this acoustic pressuremeter to work well to depths of 10 feet (only used above the water table so far). The existing horizontal (lateral) stresses predicted from the AE pressuremeter results were in the higher portion of the expected values.
Author: John Joseph McElroy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 698
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Book Description
Author: Amir M. Soltani Ghasemi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acoustic emission testing
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
Author: Michael Tucker
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780415401630
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 580
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Book Description
With the new classification of chronic myeloproliferative disorders, and the rise of interest in molecularly targeted therapies, this timely text brings together international experts on the topic to discuss the current technologies and their implications for the treatment of patients. This title comprehensively covers chronic myeloid leukemia and Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders and is an essential resource for all practitioners in Hematologic Oncology.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 1126
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Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Author: Michael J. Friedel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acoustic emission testing
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: Chung-min Hsieh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
[Truncated abstract] Knowledge of in situ stress for underground construction or excavations is important. With an input of in situ stress magnitude/orientations, one can predict the potential failure, improve the efficiency of ground support and/or provide the parameters for numerical modelling/planning to make the design cost effective. In this thesis, two rock memory-based in situ stress measurement methods, the acoustic emission method and the Deformation rate analysis method, were studied. The acoustic emission method utilizes the Kaiser effect to recover the previously applied maximum stress, which is expected to be the in situ stress. The phenomenon that Kaiser has found and the usage of the Kaiser effect for the in situ stress measurement were reviewed, and a series of tests in aluminium, agate, sandstone, ultramafic and slate samples with different conditions in the sample end was performed. The result shows that the Kaiser effect method of the in situ stress determination has severe limitations. Firstly, the asperities/irregularities/residual material at the sample ends at low stress can manifest themselves as the Kaiser effect. This 'ghost' Kaiser effect created by the sample ends is not related to the rock memory and it is an artefact of the test preparation. A thin plastic sheet (TML strain gauge) plus silicone gel can be a buffer material to reduce the noise from end. A multichannel source location system could also be able to detect the origin of signal. Secondly, the process of crack generation/growth can create sufficient change in the stress path in the following loading cycle. Because the Kaiser effect is masked by the acoustic emission associated with the damage accumulation, the acoustic emission could start much earlier than the previous maximum stress. In order to prevent the damage accumulation from imitating the Kaiser effect and misleading the analysis, one should find the stress range in which the Kaiser effect can be detected, before using the Kaiser effect as a stress measurement method...
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acoustic emission
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Military research
Languages : en
Pages : 834
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Book Description
Author: Ceryan, Nurcihan
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1522527109
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 788
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Book Description
Engineering geologists face the task of addressing geological factors that can affect planning with little time and with few resources. A solution is using the right tools to save time searching for answers and devote attention to making critical engineering decisions. The Handbook of Research on Trends and Digital Advances in Engineering Geology is an essential reference source for the latest research on new trends, technology, and computational methods that can model engineering phenomena automatically. Featuring exhaustive coverage on a broad range of topics and perspectives such as acoustic energy, landslide mapping, and natural hazards, this publication is ideally designed for academic scientists, industry and applied researchers, and policy and decision makers seeking current research on new tools to aid in timely decision-making of critical engineering situations.
