Author: John H. Hawes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 8

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Author: J. H. HAWES
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Roger L. L. Facer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear warfare
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Concern has grown in recent years about Europe's dependence on nuclear weapons for its security. The credibility of the current NATO strategy of flexible response is being questioned. It is widely felt that NATO should strengthen its conventional force capability in order to raise the nuclear threshold. New developments in technology appear to offer hope that a main obstacle to an effective conventional defense against conventional attack, its cost, can at last be overcome. This report gives a wide overview of the implications of these developments. Concentrating on central Europe, it examines the question whether the continued maintenance of an effective strategy of deterrence requires a change in the relationship between the conventional and nuclear elements of it. It considers the adoption of a no-first-use policy buttressed by conventional force improvements large enough to create a permanent conventional force balance in Europe. The report concludes that improving conventional forces to the point of equivalence with the Warsaw Pact would risk decoupling the defense of Europe against conventional attack from the United States' nuclear umbrella and would thus reduce deterrence as well as damage the cohesion of the Alliance.

Author: Laurinda L. Rohn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Arms control
Languages : en
Pages : 146

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The "balance (or imbalance) of conventional forces" is an expression of the degree to which the capabilities of the conventional military forces deployed by two sides are in some way equal. This balance is a central factor in determining the degree to which a given situation is stable. "Conventional stability" is a broader concept than balance; it also encompasses perceptions of the balance, differences in the nature of the operational tasks imposed on the forces of both sides, and other factors. Conventional stability rests on the degree to which both sides believe they could achieve their military objectives in wartime. The author suggests a new analytic framework relating measurements of military capabilities, balance assessment methodologies, and defense objectives to conventional stability. Application of the framework to the conventional balance in Europe suggests some tentative conclusions regarding the potential role of arms control in stabilizing the balance: the most productive use of arms control seems to be to decrease the offensive potential of the two sides' forces.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 125

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Author: William R. Bowman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Arms control
Languages : en
Pages : 108

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Author: Schuyler Foerster
Publisher: Westview Press
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 144

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Author: Edward Ambrose Corcoran
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 34

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This memorandum examines the nature of the conventional balance in Europe today and proposes methods for improving NATO's conventional capabilities. The author notes public concern about increasing levels of nuclear weapons in Europe has spurred a search on both sides of the Atlantic for alternative ways to meet NATO's defense needs. Unfortunately, the parallel Soviet conventional force buildup and an awareness of many of NATO's defense problems (e.g., manpower and equipment shortfalls, unit maldeployments and overreliance on US reinforcements) help to reinforce impressions that a NATO conventional defense is simply out of reach. The author contends, however, that the Warsaw Pact has its own serious problems, including questionable reliability of its non-Soviet forces, lengthy lines of communication, an overreliance on armor and light defenses in its tactical rear areas. The author believes that by exploiting such Pact problems, NATO can develop a credible conventional defense. This memorandum proposes such a defense based on four main combat elements: regular maneuver forces, Area Combat Troops, support units and penetration elements.

Author: Christian Krause
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Ronald L. Hatchett
Publisher: Texas A&M University Press
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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Diplomats at official meetings, struggling to reduce military confrontation while they preserve the security of their countries, often feel inhibited in offering new ideas since their words are taken as representative of their government's position. On February 2-3, 1989, the Mosher Institute for Defense Studies of Texas A&M University conducted a privately funded symposium with two goals: to facilitate progress in official talks by providing an informal setting in which new concepts or proposals relating to European arms control could be discussed outside the rigid framework of intergovernmental negotiations, and to inform the public about the issues involved in arms control negotiations. The timing of the symposium was auspicious: the Bush administration was reviewing arms control policies, recessed negotiations on confidence-building measures and chemical/biological warfare were about to resume, and new negotiations on conventional armed forces were about to start. Meeting together for the first time were thirty senior representatives from each of the arms control negotiations, arms control policy makers, and other experts from thirteen nations of NATO, the Warsaw Treaty Organization, and neutral, non-aligned nations of Europe. Among them were the current chief negotiators in Vienna from the United States, Ambassadors John J. Maresca and Stephen J. Ledogar, and from the Soviet Union, Ambassador Oleg A. Grinevsky. The symposium took place in five panels: the INF Treaty and its implications for military stability in Europe; the current military balance; and separate sessions on improving military stability through negotiations on conventional forces and armaments, chemical/biological warfare, and confidence- and security-building measures. This volume contains the papers presented and transcripts of the discussions that followed. Viewed as a whole, these papers and discussions provide perhaps the best summary available of the variety of national views shaping policy across the broad spectrum of European arms control.