Improving Salinity and Agricultural Water Management in the Indus Basin, Pakistan: Issues, Management and Opportunities: A Synthesis from a Desk-top Literature Review PDF Download
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ISBN: 9781864674361
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781864674361
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Michael Mitchell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Saline water
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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"Waterlogging and salinisation are major impediments to the sustainability of irrigated agriculture and livelihoods of farming families across the Indus Basin of Pakistan. About 6.3 million ha in Pakistan are affected by different levels and types of salinity. Nearly half of this area is under irrigated agriculture. The drive for higher cropping intensities coupled with the lack of adequate surface water supplies has caused farmers to use poor-quality groundwater as a supplemental source of irrigation. The large scale exploitation of poor quality groundwater has increased the risks of soil salinisation and sodicity. About 4.5 million ha are already affected by secondary salinisation of which about half are located in irrigated areas. Another 1 million ha is affected by water logging (Qureshi et al., 2008). In Punjab, about 20% of the land suffers from salinity and another 20 to 30% has high groundwater levels, due to over application of surface water. Soil salinity problems are particularly serious in Sindh province where some 70 to 80% of the soil is classified as moderately or severely saline (Smedema, 2000). The southern districts of Lower Sindh, Thatta and Badin are particularly vulnerable to salinity due to waterlogging and seawater intrusion in coastal agricultural areas. A holistic approach that incorporates the social, environmental, technical and economic aspects of salinity management is needed in Pakistan. Such an approach offers better prospects for identifying and exploring adaptation measures and building resilience for communities affected by salinity. This SRA has established the need for a holistic approach to salinity and water management, and has laid the basis for developing a shared understanding of the risks and opportunities for farming and coastal communities in salinity affected areas of the Indus Basin of Pakistan. Central to this is an understanding of the spatial and temporal dimensions of salinity in the landscape."--Website.
Author: Aslam, M., Prathapar, S. A.
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN: 9290906162
Category : Irrigation
Languages : en
Pages : 31
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Book Description
ThisThis report discusses the nature and causes of secondary salinization, reviews strategies developed and tested within IBIS to mitigate salinization, and identifies areas requiring further investigation.
Author: Winston H. Yu
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821398741
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
This study, Indus basin of Pakistan: the impacts of climate risks on water and agriculture was undertaken at a pivotal time in the region. The weak summer monsoon in 2009 created drought conditions throughout the country. This followed an already tenuous situation for many rural households faced with high fuel and fertilizer costs and the impacts of rising global food prices. Then catastrophic monsoon flooding in 2010 affected over 20 million people, devastating their housing, infrastructure, and crops. Damages from this single flood event were estimated at US dollar 10 billion, half of which were losses in the agriculture sector. Notwithstanding the debate as to whether these observed extremes are evidence of climate change, an investigation is needed regarding the extent to which the country is resilient to these shocks. It is thus timely, if not critical, to focus on climate risks for water, agriculture, and food security in the Indus basin of Pakistan.
Author: Dina L. Umali
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821325087
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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This paper presents a synthesis of 15 success stories in the production, processing, and marketing of high-value food products (HVF) in developing countries in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. High-value food products, such as fresh and processed fruits and vegetables, meats, fish, dairy products, and vegetable oils, are defined as having high intrinsic value or a high rate of value added through processing. Trade in these products has expanded while trade and prices for other agricultural products, such as most staple crops, have stagnated or declined. The growing trade in HVF has prompted policymakers in developing countries to examine more closely how they can expand and diversify their exports of these products. This study explores the technical, organizational, and commercial challenges facing those in HVF export development. It identifies common market and institutional factors that have contributed to the growth and international competitiveness in HVF trade. Particular note is made of the roles of the private and public sectors and of the effect of the policy environment. It examines the effect of institutional coordination on the stages of production, processing, and trade. An annex summarizes 12 case studies of the development and performance of food commodity markets. It includes export of fresh vegetables from Kenya in the 1960s, shrimp from Thailand in the 1970s, and processed tomatoes from Chile in the 1980s.
Author:
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Author: Muhammad Ashraf
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789698469900
Category : Irrigation
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Noora-Lisa Aberman
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Irrigation is central to Pakistans agriculture; and managing the countrys canal, ground, and surface water resources in a more efficient, equitable, and sustainable way will be crucial to meeting agricultural production challenges, including increasing agricultural productivity and adapting to climate change. The water component of the International Food Policy Research Institutes Pakistan Strategy Support Program (PSSP) is working to address these topics through high-quality research and policy engagement. As one of the first activities of this program, the PSSP undertook this assessment of the policy landscape for agricultural water management in Pakistan, to better understand how to engage with stakeholders in the landscape, and to assess possible opportunity points for improving water conservation. The authors use the Net-Map method, an interview tool that combines stakeholder mapping, power mapping, and social network analysis, to examine the relationships between various institutions influencing the water sector in Pakistan. Group interviews were conducted with national stakeholders in Islamabad and with provincial stakeholders in Lahore to establish separate influence maps at the different scales. Interviewees were asked about four types of network relationships: formal authority, informal pressure, technical information, and funding. Network data was analyzed using social network analysis software and notes from interviews add further depth to the network observations. Concluding discussion focuses on the distribution of power and influence in the network and on the opportunities and challenges of recent governance reforms and implications for stakeholder engagement.
Author: Claudia Ringler
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317661966
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
Pakistan’s water management is at a critical watershed. The world’s seventh-most populous country faces serious challenges that will require improvements in both the "hardware" and "software" of agricultural water management. Water shortages are growing rapidly as a result of growing demand across all water-using sectors. Rapid population growth, from 175 million people in 2010 to an estimated 236 million by 2030 and 280 million by 2050, and international food-price spikes create pressure to increase agricultural production of staples; but demand for cash crops is also growing rapidly, including for cotton, fruit trees and tobacco, to raise rural incomes and generate rural employment to absorb the relatively young, rapidly growing rural population. Water management is also increasingly affected by climate change – including an increased number of flood and drought events – and growing energy shortages, which affect how water is being sourced and used. Last but not least, Pakistan’s political situation is fragile, which has reduced incentives to invest in enhanced agricultural water (and other) technologies. How Pakistan addresses these challenges will be decisive for its population’s future water and food security, for economic growth, and for environmental sustainability. It will also affect water and food outcomes globally, due to the interconnectedness of global food trade. This book was published as a special issue of Water International.
Author:
Publisher: IWMI
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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