Impact of the HEROS (Healthy Eating to Reduce Obesity Through Schools) Study on Healthy Food Choices and Obesity Among Middle School Students in Guilford County (NC) Schools PDF Download
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Author: Kellie Marie O'Connell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Middle school students
Languages : en
Pages :
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"The prevalence of overweight among adolescents in the U.S. has increased rapidly over the past two decades. This problem is closely related to poor dietary behaviors. Two preliminary, school-based studies were conducted in Guilford County Schools, which demonstrated that: 1) cafeteria environments do not foster healthy eating, and 2) a milk promotion program is a feasible intervention. These studies provided the rationale for the HEROS (Healthy Eating to Reduce Obesity through Schools) Study. The central hypotheses were that by increasing the availability of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products (FVD) and the awareness of the health benefits of choosing FVD: 1) intake would increase; and 2) the prevalence of obesity would decrease among middle school students. Participants were 489 seventh grade students from six schools (e.g., paired for socioeconomic status and ethnicity). The schools were randomly assigned to control or intervention groups. Intervention components were implemented over 23 weeks. Intervention components included: 1) nutrition education through curriculum, school dinners, and mailing information to families and 2) changes to cafeteria environments to increase the availability and awareness of FVD. Outcome measures were taken pre- and post-intervention and included: 1) estimated FVD intake at school lunch using the O'Connell School Food Diary; 2) estimated overall daily FVD intake using the Youth and Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire; and 3) overweight and obesity prevalence using body mass index and triceps skinfold thickness. Analysis of variance and Chi-square analyses were used to test for significant differences between groups at baseline. Change scores were calculated for pre- and post-intervention measures. A general linear model was used to test for intervention effects on these outcome variables. Significance was identified at p
Author: Kellie Marie O'Connell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Middle school students
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"The prevalence of overweight among adolescents in the U.S. has increased rapidly over the past two decades. This problem is closely related to poor dietary behaviors. Two preliminary, school-based studies were conducted in Guilford County Schools, which demonstrated that: 1) cafeteria environments do not foster healthy eating, and 2) a milk promotion program is a feasible intervention. These studies provided the rationale for the HEROS (Healthy Eating to Reduce Obesity through Schools) Study. The central hypotheses were that by increasing the availability of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products (FVD) and the awareness of the health benefits of choosing FVD: 1) intake would increase; and 2) the prevalence of obesity would decrease among middle school students. Participants were 489 seventh grade students from six schools (e.g., paired for socioeconomic status and ethnicity). The schools were randomly assigned to control or intervention groups. Intervention components were implemented over 23 weeks. Intervention components included: 1) nutrition education through curriculum, school dinners, and mailing information to families and 2) changes to cafeteria environments to increase the availability and awareness of FVD. Outcome measures were taken pre- and post-intervention and included: 1) estimated FVD intake at school lunch using the O'Connell School Food Diary; 2) estimated overall daily FVD intake using the Youth and Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire; and 3) overweight and obesity prevalence using body mass index and triceps skinfold thickness. Analysis of variance and Chi-square analyses were used to test for significant differences between groups at baseline. Change scores were calculated for pre- and post-intervention measures. A general linear model was used to test for intervention effects on these outcome variables. Significance was identified at p
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 780
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Author: Jacey Ann Greece
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
Abstract: Child health promotion is a salient public health goal. Childhood obesity rates have risen dramatically over the past few decades with more than 20% of youths overweight or obese by the time they enter middle school. Population-based strategies including those delivered through schools are needed to positively impact this trend. The IMOVE program evaluation, a quasi-experimental study involving one intervention and one comparison school, examines the influence of a school-based healthy eating program in a middle school cafeteria serving low-income, racially-diverse adolescents. Study 1 examined the association between the availability of healthy lunch meals (IMOVE meals) in school cafeterias and lunch and snack food purchase patterns of students. The introduction of IMOVE resulted in significantly less participation in purchase of low nutritional quality snack foods from fall to spring term. Students in both schools had similarly high participation in school lunch all year long, suggesting that IMOVE participation was sustainable. Study 2 examined the association between body mass index and purchase of IMOVE and standard school lunch meals in the intervention school. This study also identified sociodemographic predictors of participation in the school lunch program. Students who were overweight or obese had a significantly higher rate of purchase of both types of lunches, but even more so for standard school lunch than for IMOVE meals, compared to students who were not overweight/obese. Other characteristics significantly associated with participation in IMOVE and standard school lunch were nonwhite race, sixth grade, and low-income status. Study 3 examined the association between exposure to IMOVE and total daily food and nutrient intake measured using an abbreviated food screener before and after the intervention. At follow-up, students in the IMOVE school consumed sugary beverages and higher-fat milk offerings less often in their daily diets than students in the comparison school. Efforts to combat childhood obesity through changes in the school food environment have some impact, but require the support of policy action and nutrition education initiatives to be most effective. The IMOVE program proved feasible, acceptable, and sustainable, providing a model upon which to build additional intervention components to more comprehensively impact student wellness.
Author: Sigrid Quendler
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3832483020
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 71
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Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: It has been documented that children from all socioeconomic backgrounds are at risk for poor nutrition and lack of physical activity (PA). On one hand, many children from low-income families are not getting enough to eat each day due to a lack of resources. On the other hand, children from middle and upper income levels consume enough food, but their diets are high in fat, sugar, and sodium, and they do not participate in PA. As a result of this combination, many children today face an increased risk for under-nutrition, obesity, heart disease and other chronic diseases. Finally, educators and health professionals agree that poor diet, eating habits and lack of PA, also affect academic performance. The fact that a hungry child cannot learn has been documented in numerous studies. Indeed, this research has found that even moderate under-nutrition and an immense lack of PA can have lasting effects on children's ability to learn and school performance. Undernourished and untrained children tend to attain lower scores on standardised tests, are more likely to become sick, miss school, and to fall behind in class. Also, hungry children have low energy, are more irritable, and have difficulty concentrating, which interferes with learning. Therefore, school feeding and PA programs were established by several schools and public and private organizations to provide proper nourishment and the possibility of practicing PA. In addition it helps preventing the negative effects of hunger and malnutrition. The School Breakfast Programs was established as a pilot project in 1966 in response to the needs of children arriving at school without having eaten breakfast. Now permanent, breakfast programs help states provide daily breakfast to millions of students in thousands of schools. The positive impact of this program cannot be underestimated. Not only do many teachers report that students are more alert and perform better in class after eating a nutritious breakfast, but published studies also found that breakfast programs are associated with significant improvements in academic functioning among school children. PA programs can substantially improve children s ability to learn and their state of health by making PA a part of their daily lives. Being physically active early in life has many physical, social, and emotional benefits and can lead to a reduced incidence of chronic diseases in adulthood. In addition teachers report [...]
Author: Alani Jarrett
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nutrition
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Childhood obesity is a worldwide epidemic. Because children spend several hours of their day in school, schools are a great place to begin a movement to prevent or decrease childhood obesity. Research shows a positive impact on childhood obesity with increased activity and better nutrition. Some school systems have started to promote healthy living, but many school systems are still lacking. The American Heart Association (2012) states that only 3.8% of elementary schools, 7.9% of middle schools, and 2.1% of high schools provide physical education classes daily. Children in Spokane County elementary schools only receive two 30- minute physical education classes each week, and the food children tend to eat at school is high in sodium and calories and low in nutritional value. In order to improve healthy living in children, schools need to increase the amount of time children spend in physical education, the quality of their school meals, and health education. To do this, everyone in the school system must be on board. Research must be disseminated to school boards and superintendents to get them involved and the children must have active role models to look up to. The intent of this project is to spend a year in several different schools to see if a year of physical and nutritional change will help reduce a child's BMI, which will also decrease their risk of developing a myriad of diseases in the future.
Author: Areej Hassan
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498721737
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 443
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This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.Childhood obesity is a major public health crisis nationally and internationally. This insightful compendium provides valuable information and assesses the research foundations behind several school initiatives to help combat the epidemic of obesity in children and adolescents, particularly using
Author: Amanda B. Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Adolescents are not consuming the recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables (FV). An overall decrease in diet quality is seen as adolescents get older, with decreases in fruit and vegetable intake and increases in energy dense food intake. The aim of this study was to test whether or not the Food Dudes (FD) healthy eating program helps to prevent decreases in fruit and vegetable intake and increases in energy dense foods during the transition from elementary school into middle school. Past FD studies supported the use of repeated tasting, rewards, and role modeling to encourage children to eat more fruits and vegetables at school with data from studies of young children. A review of available literature on effectiveness of these techniques in adolescents found evidence that the program may also be effective for adolescents. Participants were 4th and 5th graders (n=874) from 6 elementary schools, recruited during the 2011-2012 school year. Treatment group was assigned by school and included a prize condition, a praise condition, and a control. Students were followed into the 2012-2013 school year when the 5th grade cohort entered middle school. During 2012-2013 an additional control group was recruited from three middle schools (n = 154). Results showed short term success at increasing FV intake and that the program had some long term success preventing large drops in FV intake. A small to medium positive correlation was seen between energy dense snack foods and total FV intake (r ranging from.125 to.355, p The results of this study suggest that the FD program may play a role in helping to maintain lunch time FV intake during the transition into middle school. The results for the impact on total FV intake and total diet were less conclusive due to problems in the self-reported data. Future studies on this topic should look for a better method for tracking changes in total FV intake and total diet.
Author: Ashley B. Walther
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Childhood obesity rates have dramatically increased since the 1980's. This has become major public health concern because children who are overweight or obese are more likely to have obesity-related health issues and are more likely to be overweight or obese as adults. Obesity is also associated with poor dietary habits. Currently, children have dietary patterns that are low in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. In addition, many Americans lack the knowledge on how to prepare healthful meals and because of this there is a lack of a meal preparation knowledge being transferred to children. To help address these issues it has been suggested that there is a need to teach youth not only nutrition knowledge but also basic cooking skills. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of a 12-week afterschool cooking and nutrition club on youth nutrition knowledge, eating behavior and self-efficacy, and cooking attitude and self-efficacy among 4th and 5th grade students attending two Title I elementary schools. A secondary objective was to evaluate the novel healthy plate photo to assess youths' nutrition knowledge. After participating in the WeCook program, 84.1% of youth reported they really liked to cook and 56% reported they could read a recipe by themselves. Youth significantly increased their knowledge about why breakfast is important and healthy snack options. At post-intervention there was a significant increase in the healthy plate photo scores from pre- to post-intervention with 55.1% of youth scoring the maximum score. Finally, mixed results were seen for healthy eating behaviors and self-efficacy. Further research is needed to understand the effects cooking and nutrition programs have on youth participants related to nutrition knowledge, healthy eating behaviors and self-efficacy, and cooking attitude and self-efficacy.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Author: Carolyn Wait
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Abstract: Rates of childhood overweight and obesity continue to be high, particularly among rural Appalachian children and adolescents. Specific information about current eating behaviors and their relationship to possible economic barriers is necessary to develop interventions and educational programs that will effectively reduce rates of overweight and improve the health of Appalachian children and adolescents. This study aims to elucidate the interrelationships between food security, dietary patterns and overweight among Appalachian adolescents. Students in the ninth grade at participating southeastern Ohio high schools were recruited for this study. Students and their parents or primary caregivers completed surveys and participated in focus groups. All surveys asked for demographic information as well as weight and height, which were used to calculate weight status. Student surveys included the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Food Frequency Questionnaire and the physical activity questions from the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Study. Parent surveys included the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module Short Form, used to assess food security status, in addition to questions on income and educational attainment. Separate focus groups for students and parents were conducted to probe participants for their perceptions of healthy weight, healthy diet and barriers to health. Data was collected from eight student-caregiver pairs at three Appalachian Ohio high schools. Overweight and obesity were found to be widespread among both adolescents and adults, although food insecurity was not prevalent in this sample. Overweight in adolescents does not appear to be linked to household food insecurity. Fast food, snack and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption were high among adolescents, while fruit and vegetable consumption was low. In focus groups, lack of time, desire and ability to prepare healthy meals along with the greater availability of unhealthy foods were cited as barriers to consuming a more nutritious diet. Further research is needed to elaborate on these relationships and determine the most promising areas for intervention.
