Impact of Carbon and Nitrogen Application in Paddy-soil Ecosystem: 13,14C Labeling, Zymography, PH Mapping and PLFA PDF Download
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Author: Ziwei Zhao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), a major cereal crop, is cultivated on more than 140 million hectares worldwide. Consequently, rice growing paddy fields are major consumers of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and the biggest users of agricultural water. Compared to other non-flooded agricultural lands, paddy soils contain 12%-58% higher soil organic matter (SOM) content, which makes them an important carbon (C) sink. Rice straw retention, nitrogen fertilizer application and over-flooded water are the three most important factors responsible for the higher C sink in paddy fields. Together, they have great imp...
Author: Ziwei Zhao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), a major cereal crop, is cultivated on more than 140 million hectares worldwide. Consequently, rice growing paddy fields are major consumers of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and the biggest users of agricultural water. Compared to other non-flooded agricultural lands, paddy soils contain 12%-58% higher soil organic matter (SOM) content, which makes them an important carbon (C) sink. Rice straw retention, nitrogen fertilizer application and over-flooded water are the three most important factors responsible for the higher C sink in paddy fields. Together, they have great imp...
Author: Ashok Kumar
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811375534
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
To meet the food security needs of the 21st century, this book focuses on ecofriendly and sustainable production technologies based on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). It is estimated that the global population could increase to 9 billion by 2050. Further, the amount of land devoted to farming has decreased. Soil is a living entity, and is not only a valuable natural resource for agricultural and food security, but also for the preservation of all life processes. Agricultural productivity rests on the foundation of microbial diversity in the soil, and in recent years, PGPR have emerged as an important and promising tool for sustainable agriculture. The injudicious use of agrochemicals by farmers has created a range of negative impacts, not only threatening the environment, but also destroying useful microorganisms in the soil. The efficient use of PGPR reduces the need for these chemicals while simultaneously lowering production costs. In turn, increased yields could provide a more favourable environment and encourage sustainability. This book assesses the impacts of PGPR on crops, environmental and socio-economic sustainability, and demonstrates these ecofriendly technologies’ three critical advantages, namely (a) enhanced crop productivity, (b) reduced application of agrochemicals, and (c) increased incomes for farmers. Besides offering an economically attractive and ecologically sound means of augmenting the nutrient supply and combatting soil-borne pathogens, PGPR play an important part in boosting soil fertility, bioremediation and stress management for the development of ecofriendly and sustainable agriculture.
Author: Tom Misselbrook
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288963227X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 249
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Book Description
This eBook presents highlight papers from the 17th International conference of the Recycling of Agricultural, Municipal and Industrial Residues to Agriculture Network (RAMIRAN) that was held in Wexford, Ireland in September 2017. The book contains a broad range of papers around this multidisciplinary theme covering topics including regional and national organic resource use planning, impact of livestock diet on manure composition, fate and utilisation of excreta from grazing livestock, anaerobic digestion, overcoming barriers to resource reuse, hygienic aspects of residue recycling and impacts on soil health. The overarching theme being addressed is the sustainable recycling of organic residues to agriculture, to promote effective nutrient use and minimise environmental impact.
Author: Francisco Dallmeier
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780978846077
Category : Biodiversity
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book compiles the latest research on the effects of climate change on biodiversity in the Americas and the sustainability efforts being made to preserve the ecological integrity of these regions. Scientists working in Canada, Puerto Rico, Argentina, the USA, Mexico, Panama, and Costa Rica contribute their findings in such varied areas as avian populations, the impacts of climate extremes on biodiversity, carbon storage in tree plantations, and the relationship between precipitation and vegetation. The changing climate and human activity are affecting ecosystems throughout the Americas. Governments, NGOs, industries, and communities need to learn about these changes in order to adapt their planning, infrastructure, and operations to mitigate the loss of biodiversity.
Author: Mohammad Saghir Khan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364201979X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 371
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Book Description
With an ever-increasing human population, the demand placed upon the agriculture sector to supply more food is one of the greatest challenges for the agrarian community. In order to meet this challenge, environmentally unfriendly agroch- icals have played a key role in the green revolution and are even today commonly recommended to circumvent nutrient de?ciencies of the soils. The use of ag- chemicals is, though, a major factor for improvement of plant production; it causes a profound deteriorating effect on soil health (soil fertility) and in turn negatively affects the productivity and sustainability of crops. Concern over disturbance to the microbial diversity and consequently soil fertility (as these microbes are involved in biogeochemical processes), as well as economic constraints, have prompted fun- mental and applied research to look for new agro-biotechnologies that can ensure competitive yields by providing suf?ciently not only essential nutrients to the plants but also help to protect the health of soils by mitigating the toxic effects of certain pollutants. In this regard, the role of naturally abundant yet functionally fully unexplored microorganisms such as biofertilizers assume a special signi?cance in the context of supplementing plant nutrients, cost and environmental impact under both conventional practices and derelict environments. Therefore, current devel- ments in sustainability involve a rational exploitation of soil microbial communities and the use of inexpensive, though less bio-available, sources of plant nutrients, which may be made available to plants by microbially-mediated processes.
Author: Ram Prasad
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444639888
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 506
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Book Description
Crop Improvement through Microbial Biotechnology explains how certain techniques can be used to manipulate plant growth and development, focusing on the cross-kingdom transfer of genes to incorporate novel phenotypes in plants, including the utilization of microbes at every step, from cloning and characterization, to the production of a genetically engineered plant. This book covers microbial biotechnology in sustainable agriculture, aiming to improve crop productivity under stress conditions. It includes sections on genes encoding avirulence factors of bacteria and fungi, viral coat proteins of plant viruses, chitinase from fungi, virulence factors from nematodes and mycoplasma, insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis, and herbicide tolerance enzymes from bacteria. Introduces the principles of microbial biotechnology and its application in crop improvement Lists various new developments in enhancing plant productivity and efficiency Explains the mechanisms of plant/microbial interactions and the beneficial use of these interactions in crop improvement Explores various bacteria classes and their beneficial effects in plant growth and efficiency
Author: Amit Kishore Singh
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0128160195
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 285
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Book Description
PGPR Amelioration in Sustainable Agriculture: Food Security and Environmental Management explores the growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that are indigenous to soil and plant rhizosphere. These microorganisms have significant potential as important tools for sustainable agriculture. PGPR enhance the growth of root systems and often control certain plant pathogens. As PGPR amelioration is a fascinating subject, is multidisciplinary in nature, and concerns scientists involved in plant heath and plant protection, this book is an ideal resource that emphasizes the current trends of, and probable future of, PGPR developments. Chapters incorporate both theoretical and practical aspects and may serve as baseline information for future research. This book will be useful to students, teachers and researchers, both in universities and research institutes, especially working in areas of agricultural microbiology, plant pathology and agronomy. Presents new concepts and current development in PGPR research and evaluates the implications for sustainable productivity Describes the role of multi-omics approaches in establishing an understanding of plant–microbe interactions that help plants optimize abiotic stresses Incorporates both theoretical and practical aspects, and will serve as a baseline for future research
Author: Norman Manea
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 0300188625
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 327
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Book Description
A splendid, violent spring suddenly grips Bucharest in the 1980s after a brutal winter. Tolea, an eccentric middle-aged intellectual who has been dismissed from his job as a high school teacher on "moral grounds," is investigating his father's death forty years after the fact, and is drawn into a web of suspicion and black humor."Reading 'The Black Envelope, ' one might think of the poisonous 'black milk' of Celan's 'Death Fugue' or the claustrophobic air of mounting terror in Mr. Appelfeld's 'Badenheim 1939.' . . . Mr. Manea offers striking images and insights into the recent experience of Eastern Europe."--"New York Times Book Review"
Author: Dhananjaya Pratap Singh
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811383839
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 579
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Book Description
Microbial communities and their functions play a crucial role in the management of ecological, environmental and agricultural health on the Earth. Microorganisms are the key identified players for plant growth promotion, plant immunization, disease suppression, induced resistance and tolerance against stresses as the indicative parameters of improved crop productivity and sustainable soil health. Beneficial belowground microbial interactions with the rhizosphere help plants mitigate drought and salinity stresses and alleviate water stresses under the unfavorable environmental conditions in the native soils. Microorganisms that are inhabitants of such environmental conditions have potential solutions for them. There are potential microbial communities that can degrade xenobiotic compounds, pesticides and toxic industrial chemicals and help remediate even heavy metals, and thus they find enormous applications in environmental remediation. Microbes have developed intrinsic metabolic capabilities with specific metabolic networks while inhabiting under specific conditions for many generations and, so play a crucial role. The book Microbial Interventions in Agriculture and Environment is an effort to compile and present a great volume of authentic, high-quality, socially-viable, practical and implementable research and technological work on microbial implications. The whole content of the volume covers protocols, methodologies, applications, interactions, role and impact of research and development aspects on microbial interventions and technological outcomes in prospects of agricultural and environmental domain including crop production, plan-soil health management, food & nutrition, nutrient recycling, land reclamation, clean water systems and agro-waste management, biodegradation & bioremediation, biomass to bioenergy, sanitation and rural livelihood security. The covered topics and sub-topics of the microbial domain have high implications for the targeted and wide readership of researchers, students, faculty and scientists working on these areas along with the agri-activists, policymakers, environmentalists, advisors etc. in the Government, industries and non-government level for reference and knowledge generation.
Author: Great Britain. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
ISBN 0112429351 is superseded by 2000 ed. (ISBN 0112430589) but is still available from TSO's on-demand publishing service
