Impact of Acculturation on Obesity, Body Image, and Diet for Low-income Mexican American Women PDF Download
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Author: Vicky Singh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Vicky Singh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Daisy S. Garcia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Of all U.S. ethnic/racial women groups, Hispanic/Latino women have the second highest rate of obesity; in addition, women aged 40 to 59 are the most affected by this condition. Physical activity and dietary behaviors are usually the target for promoting healthy weight in Hispanic women, yet personal factors, such as body image perception changes as the women acculturate, are less included, particularly when addressing middle-aged and older Hispanic women. Similar to younger populations, middle-aged and older women experience body image (dis)satisfaction. As these women acculturate, their body image discrepancy--the difference between the current and ideal body image--varies, and is associated with an increase of body weight. In addition, the current research neglects the symptoms these women face at menopause, which are known to affect women's physical functioning and quality of life. This dissertation examines the relationship between postmenopausal Hispanic women's acculturative factors, body image discrepancy, physical activity, dietary intake, body mass index (BMI), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) values. It also explores existing literature on the association between menopause and middle aged Hispanic women's physical activity and dietary behaviors. Manuscript one (Chapter II), assesses the cross-sectional association between acculturation, body image discrepancy, intake of fruit, vegetables, fats, physical activity, BMI and WHR. Results show that high acculturation is positively associated with inactivity and that body image discrepancy increase the odds of being inactive, of having normal weight and low WHR, and of being less likely to consume less than 30% calories from fat/day. Manuscript two (Chapter III) examines longitudinally the relationship between body image discrepancy and patterns of BMI and physical activity over 6 years. Results show that physical activity and BMI trajectories are not significantly different, either by Hispanic or body image discrepancy groups. However, women with greater body image discrepancy and those who perceived their figure as heavier or thinner that the ideal figure had lower physical activity scores. In manuscript three (Chapter IV), the review of literature shows that there is a void of studies focusing on dietary behaviors and symptoms at menopause, and a scarcity of studies addressing physical activity or physical functioning and symptoms at menopause. The six studies included in this review show that menopause symptoms play a role in physical mobility and that Hispanic women are more likely to report physical functional impairments and being less physically active. In general, they were mostly overweight or obese as a result. Each of the manuscripts have a different methodology and focus, but are related in that they explore factors associated with body weight in Hispanic women living in the United States. Jointly, these three manuscripts highlight the importance of considering body image perceptions, acculturative factors, and menopause discomforts as well as to embark on studies including both physical activity and dietary behaviors when addressing Hispanic women body weight needs.
Author: Maria Isabel Ortega
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mexican American women
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Author: Rebekah Ruth Pender
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acculturation
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Considering all the areas of Hispanic acculturation impacts (e.g. beliefs, values, academic performance, socialization, etc.), a natural extension of that influence would be to body image. With that in mind, this study explored the relationship between the body image and level of acculturation of Mexican American females attending a private university in South Texas. The current research utilized over 100 (N=116) Mexican American women attending college, ages 18-52, in a correlational study. Measures administered in this study were the Figure Rating Scale (FRS) that assessment the perceived current and ideal figure rating of the participant toward her own body, the Bidimensional Acculturation Scale for Hispanics (BAS) that assessed participant level of acculturation, and a brief demographic survey developed by the researcher to categorize participants based on their Body Mass Index (BMI). This study assessed four null hypotheses regarding the body image, acculturation and Body Mass Index (BMI) of the participant volunteers. Of the four hypotheses, the researcher failed to reject null hypothesis 1 and alternative hypotheses 2, 3, and 4. The results of the study yielded no significant Pearson's r correlation between the Figure Rating Scale (FRS) and the Bidimensional Acculturation Scale for Hispanics (BAS) as was postulated alternative hypothesis 1. Alternative hypothesis 2 failed to be rejected in that of the population surveyed, 70.69% had a body image discrepancy variable of one or greater and reported a smaller number to represent their ideal figure. Alternative hypothesis 3 also failed to be rejected in that among the total participants, over 98% had averaged score of 2.5 or greater on the BAS. The researcher also failed to reject alternative hypothesis 4 in that the FRS positively correlated with the BMI of the participants surveyed, r=.562, p=.000. These results suggest that further investigation into the body image concerns and acculturation of Mexican American women would be a worthwhile endeavor.
Author: W. Stewart Agras
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190620994
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 561
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Fully revised to reflect the DSM-5, the second edition of The Oxford Handbook of Eating Disorders features the latest research findings, applications, and approaches to understanding eating disorders. Including foundational topics alongside practical specifics, like literature reviews and clinical applications, this handbook is essential for scientists, clinicians, and students alike.
Author: Nelson Atehortua
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The purpose of this study was to determine the role of acculturation in the food consumption patterns of low income Hispanic women living in Texas and enrolled in the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Program by testing the following hypotheses: a) There are significant differences in consumption of fruit and vegetables by selected socio-demographic variables; and, b) less healthy food consumption patterns are associated with higher levels of acculturation in health-related research involving low-income Hispanic women living in Texas. A secondary-data analysis of the responses to the Texas Food & Nutrition (TEXFAN) questionnaire was performed. TEXFAN is a 122-item survey designed to measure WIC participants' consumption behaviors and to assess the impact of new food packages in Texas' WIC program. A total of 3,336 adult, non-pregnant women self-identified as having Hispanic ethnic background of all races were considered for this study. Analysis of Variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests showed significant differences in nutritional practices among Hispanic women for age, educational attainment, employment status, race, area of residence, and acculturation. Logistic Regression analysis confirmed the hypothesis that lower levels of acculturation are associated with healthier food consumption patterns. The majority of respondents (70.7%, N=2,358) did not consume the recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables a day; therefore, do not have healthy patterns of food consumption. Consequently, the majority of respondents (70.0%, N= 1,709) has a weight statuses above normal and at a higher proportion than women in the State of Texas and the nation. Acculturation continues to interest social and behavioral researchers but variations on conceptualization, definition, operationalization, and measurement negatively impact generalizability and applicability of results. Interventions not considering acculturation are not likely to be successful. Research has to include community, ecological, cultural and contextual factors (e.g., machismo, accessibility to sidewalks, availability of fresh healthy foods, etc.). Development of effective intervention programs should be aimed to increase consumption of healthy food and an adherence to the recommendations of the "Healthy Plate" and the "Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010" among Hispanics. Also, interventions should generate necessary skills among Hispanics for empowering them to sustain proper nutritional behaviors and overcome barriers.
Author: Seth J. Schwartz
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190215216
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 489
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Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of Acculturation and Health brings together acculturation theory and methodology with work linking acculturative processes to overall health outcomes. The blending of these two streams of literature is critical to move advances in acculturation theory and research into practical application for researchers, practitioners, educators, and policy makers.
Author: Lawrence F. Ditmier
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600212963
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Far from a sign of healthy prosperity and contentment, overweight and obesity are now considered high risk factors for a wide range of diseases including early death and disability, heart disease, diabetes, reproductive problems, cancer, breathing problems and arthritis. Obesity, now at epidemic levels in many countries, is defined as an excessively high amount of body fat or adipose tissue in relation to lean body mass. The amount of body fat (or adiposity) includes concern for both the distribution of fat throughout the body and the size of the adipose tissue deposits. This book includes within its scope the causal connection of obesity to diseases as well as the prevention and treatment of obesity. Leading-edge scientific research from throughout the world is presented.
Author: Irene Acheampong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : African American women
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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"The purpose of this study was to: (1) determine the differences in nutrition knowledge, attitudes, beliefs (KAB), and self efficacy among low income African American and Hispanic women; (2) identify the associations that these variables have on diet quality and weight status; (3) identify some barriers to healthy eating; and (4) to document if the level of acculturation, among Hispanics, has any effect on KAB. Data from three separate studies were combined and analyzed. The total sample included African Americans (N=92), high acculturated Hispanics (N=73), and low acculturated Hispanics (N=199). Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used to identify associations between KAB and body mass index (BMI) and diet quality. The majority of African Americans had good knowledge in nutrition while Hispanics had fair knowledge. The differences were, however, non significant. Attitudes toward eating a healthy diet were significantly different only in terms of high fiber and low fat consumption. More Hispanics (96.7%) than African Americans (90.2%) believed that it is important to consume a healthy diet, however both groups had poor dietary intakes. A computed KAB score showed no significant relation to individuals' weight status or diet quality. However, attitudes and beliefs about healthy foods strongly correlated with participants' weight or diet consumption. The most common barrier to consuming a healthy diet reported by both groups was the cost of healthy foods. The level of acculturation had a significant influence on some nutrition attitudes and belief. More high, than low acculturated Hispanics acknowledged the importance fiber and low fat diets. However, low acculturated Hispanics were more likely to have the belief that healthy foods will keep one healthy. It is therefore recommended for educational programs to focus on these variables when addressing obesity and poor dietary intake among low income minority groups."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.
Author: Shayne Terry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body image
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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