Human Health and Performance Risks of Space Exploration Missions PDF Download
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Author: Jancy C. McPhee
Publisher: U. S. National Aeronautics & Space Administration
ISBN:
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Author: Jancy C. McPhee
Publisher: U. S. National Aeronautics & Space Administration
ISBN:
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309170311
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 317
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Book Description
Safe Passage: Astronaut Care for Exploration Missions sets forth a vision for space medicine as it applies to deep space voyage. As space missions increase in duration from months to years and extend well beyond Earth's orbit, so will the attendant risks of working in these extreme and isolated environmental conditions. Hazards to astronaut health range from greater radiation exposure and loss of bone and muscle density to intensified psychological stress from living with others in a confined space. Going beyond the body of biomedical research, the report examines existing space medicine clinical and behavioral research and health care data and the policies attendant to them. It describes why not enough is known today about the dangers of prolonged travel to enable humans to venture into deep space in a safe and sane manner. The report makes a number of recommendations concerning NASA's structure for clinical and behavioral research, on the need for a comprehensive astronaut health care system and on an approach to communicating health and safety risks to astronauts, their families, and the public.
Author: Jancy C. McPhee
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780160846342
Category : Astronauts
Languages : en
Pages : 389
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Book Description
Author: Lauren Blackwell Landon
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429804334
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
In Psychology and Human Performance in Space Programs: Research at the Frontier, leading space researchers from multiple fields of expertise summarize the recent growth of knowledge, the resulting tools and techniques, and the research still needed to protect humans in space. Making use of cutting-edge research and development related to composing, training, and supporting astronaut crews who will live and work together for future missions to Mars, this book examines the current practices of leaders in the field both at NASA and in academia. Presenting astronaut data alongside data from analogous extreme environments such as mission simulation habitats, this volume helpfully contrasts and compares to examine the lessons that can be learned from other approaches. Using the context of current International Space Station missions, the book discusses the influence of human factors and physiological health on individual and team job performance and social cohesion. With an overview of the physical and psychological hazards of space, and the challenges posed by conducting space-related applied psychology research, this volume uses the context of a long-duration Mars mission as a lens through which to discuss adaptation and resilience, technical and team training, technological advances related to working and living in space, and human interaction with onboard systems. Additionally, the book includes an essay from retired astronaut Clay Anderson on his experiences in space and thoughts on future missions to the moon and Mars. This first of two volumes will be of interest to professionals in the field of human factors and psychology at work, as well as academics examining human performance in extreme environments and aerospace.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309163846
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 464
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Book Description
More than four decades have passed since a human first set foot on the Moon. Great strides have been made in our understanding of what is required to support an enduring human presence in space, as evidenced by progressively more advanced orbiting human outposts, culminating in the current International Space Station (ISS). However, of the more than 500 humans who have so far ventured into space, most have gone only as far as near-Earth orbit, and none have traveled beyond the orbit of the Moon. Achieving humans' further progress into the solar system had proved far more difficult than imagined in the heady days of the Apollo missions, but the potential rewards remain substantial. During its more than 50-year history, NASA's success in human space exploration has depended on the agency's ability to effectively address a wide range of biomedical, engineering, physical science, and related obstacles-an achievement made possible by NASA's strong and productive commitments to life and physical sciences research for human space exploration, and by its use of human space exploration infrastructures for scientific discovery. The Committee for the Decadal Survey of Biological and Physical Sciences acknowledges the many achievements of NASA, which are all the more remarkable given budgetary challenges and changing directions within the agency. In the past decade, however, a consequence of those challenges has been a life and physical sciences research program that was dramatically reduced in both scale and scope, with the result that the agency is poorly positioned to take full advantage of the scientific opportunities offered by the now fully equipped and staffed ISS laboratory, or to effectively pursue the scientific research needed to support the development of advanced human exploration capabilities. Although its review has left it deeply concerned about the current state of NASA's life and physical sciences research, the Committee for the Decadal Survey on Biological and Physical Sciences in Space is nevertheless convinced that a focused science and engineering program can achieve successes that will bring the space community, the U.S. public, and policymakers to an understanding that we are ready for the next significant phase of human space exploration. The goal of this report is to lay out steps and develop a forward-looking portfolio of research that will provide the basis for recapturing the excitement and value of human spaceflight-thereby enabling the U.S. space program to deliver on new exploration initiatives that serve the nation, excite the public, and place the United States again at the forefront of space exploration for the global good.
Author: Isecg
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781457849091
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
Author: Holly A. H. Handley
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119698758
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Explores the breadth and versatility of Human Systems Engineering (HSE) practices and illustrates its value in system development A Framework of Human Systems Engineering: Applications and Case Studies offers a guide to identifying and improving methods to integrate human concerns into the conceptualization and design of systems. With contributions from a panel of noted experts on the topic, the book presents a series of Human Systems Engineering (HSE) applications on a wide range of topics: interface design, training requirements, personnel capabilities and limitations, and human task allocation. Each of the book's chapters present a case study of the application of HSE from different dimensions of socio-technical systems. The examples are organized using a socio-technical system framework to reference the applications across multiple system types and domains. These case studies are based in real-world examples and highlight the value of applying HSE to the broader engineering community. This important book: Includes a proven framework with case studies to different dimensions of practice, including domain, system type, and system maturity Contains the needed tools and methods in order to integrate human concerns within systems Encourages the use of Human Systems Engineering throughout the design process Provides examples that cross traditional system engineering sectors and identifies a diverse set of human engineering practices Written for systems engineers, human factors engineers, and HSI practitioners, A Framework of Human Systems Engineering: Applications and Case Studies provides the information needed for the better integration of human and systems and early resolution of issues based on human constraints and limitations.
Author: Chayakrit Krittanawong
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0443222606
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 967
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Book Description
Precision Medicine for Long and Safe Permanence of Humans in Space serves as a reference to assist with the diagnosis of medical conditions (e.g., microgravity, space radiation), monitoring inflight, clinical decision-making inflight, disease prediction and prevention (pre- or postflight), and the facilitation of precision space medicine. This book defines the basic concepts of space health, fundamental physics, and biology in space and highlights the current applications, current challenges, and future directions in space medicine. Each chapter discusses precision medicine to a specific medical subspecialty, including cardiovascular disease, neurology, nephrology, endocrinology, ophthalmology, hepatology, hematology, pulmonology, emergency medicine, nutrition, dermatology, immunology, mental health, regenerative medicine, surgery, vascular surgery, anesthesiology, urology, OB-GYN, and male and female reproductive issues in space. Additionally, this book discusses current artificial intelligence (AI) technology in space, AI in commercial space industry, and recent space health progress worldwide (e.g., NASA, China, Japan, the Middle East). This book serves as an ideal companion for healthcare professionals, scientists, researchers, postdoctoral fellows, students, or anyone interested in space travel. - Compiles current research on precision space health within each medical subspecialty - Covers the role of organ systems as well as short- and long-term effects - Written by experts in the field of space health worldwide
Author: Gilles Clément
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 038770714X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 382
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Book Description
This book reviews the principle and rationale for using artificial gravity during space missions, and describes the current options proposed, including a short-radius centrifuge contained within a spacecraft. Experts provide recommendations on the research needed to assess whether or not short-radius centrifuge workouts can help limit deconditioning of physiological systems. Many detailed illustrations are included.
Author: Ronald Easterby
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468410989
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Book Description
Assessment of the physical dimensions of the human body and application of this knowledge to the design of tools, equip ment, and work are certainly among the oldest arts and sciences. It would be an easy task if all anthropometric dimensions, of all people, would follow a general rule. Thus, philosophers and artists embedded their ideas about the most aesthetic proportions into ideal schemes of perfect proportions. "Golden sections" were developed in ancient India, China, Egypt, and Greece, and more recently by Leonardo DaVinci, or Albrecht Durer. However, such canons are fictive since actual human dimensions and proportions vary greatly among individuals. The different physical appearances often have been associated with mental, physiological and behavioral characteristics of the individuals. Hypocrates (about 460-377 BC) taught that there are four temperaments (actually, body fluids) represented by four body types. The psychiatrist Ernst Kretchmer (1888-1964) proposed that three typical somatotypes (pyknic, athletic, aesthenic) could reflect human character traits. Since the 1940's, W. H. Sheldon and his coworkers devised a system of three body physiques (endo-, meso-, ectomorphic). The classification was originally qualitative, and only recently has been developed to include actual measurements.
