Human Capital Theory and the Negative Correlation Between Performance and Experience PDF Download
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Author: Andrew Weiss
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Andrew Weiss
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Phillip Brown
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0190644303
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
"Human capital theory, or the notion that there is a direct relationship between educational investment and prosperity, has governed Western approaches to education and labor for the past fifty years. However, many degree recipients have experienced the opposite. This book demonstrates that the human capital story is one of a failed revolution that requires an alternative approach to education, jobs, and income inequalities. Rather than abandoning human capital theory, the book calls for a broader view of education not merely as schooling, but as the process of acquiring the skills necessary to take on a flexible range of jobs and roles. In a rapidly changing job market, workers will need to capitalize on the skills, talents, and personality traits that they have honed through a lifetime of learning, rather than their academic credentials. A controversial challenge to the reigning ideology on economics and education, this text provides important insights into the current plight of the overqualified, underemployed labor market"--
Author: Li Yu
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000998142
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
The book explores the academic characteristics, career development, and impacts of “foreignness” of Chinese overseas returnees in research universities. It provides valuable insights into the international mobility of academics and the challenges and opportunities that returnee scholars face in terms of research, teaching, international exchange, income, academic promotion, job satisfaction, and career mobility in their academic careers. Using first-hand large-scale survey data, the author presents quantitative analyses of the international mobility of Chinese academics at the individual level. She evaluates the impact of overseas experience on academic career development, and further proposes practical policy suggestions to attract and retain returnee talent in academia in China. The book’s findings have important implications for policy-makers, university administrators, and academics who seek to address the challenges and opportunities of international academic careers and promote the internationalization of research universities in China and beyond.
Author: Alemayehu Habte
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3668052700
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Master's Thesis from the year 2012 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: A, Hawassa University (governance and development studies), course: masters, language: English, abstract: Nowadays, the contribution of micro-enterprises in employment creation, poverty reduction and hence economic growth is getting widespread acknowledgement. However, their performance is usually constrained by various factors. Thus, this research is basically aimed at investigating key determinants of performance among micro-enterprise businesses in Dodola town of Oromia region. It examines the extent to which performance of micro-enterprises is associated with characteristics of the owner and business constraints. To this end, primary data were gathered using interview schedule from a sample of 112 micro-enterprises selected using stratified random sampling. Besides, two Focus Group Discussions were held with fourteen randomly selected micro-entrepreneurs. To further triangulate the data Key informant interviews were held with three MSE office heads. Then after primary data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Characteristics of the enterprises and their entrepreneurs were analyzed using percentage, mean, median and standard deviation. On the other hand, Pearson’s chi-square(x2), paired sample t-test and multinomial logistic regression were used to make inferences about the subject under investigation. In this study, performance of micro-enterprises was measured in terms of two main indicators namely profit and employment growth. The results of paired t-test indicated statistically significant mean difference in socio-economic status of entrepreneurs before and after starting micro-enterprise business. The multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that education, experience, location and access to formal credit source are significant predictors of profit growth. However, only education was found as a significant predictor of employment growth. Key Words: Micro-enterprise; Performance; Multinomial Logistic Regression; Performance Determinants.
Author: Pieter M. Serneels
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Human capital theory predicts that differences in wages arise because of differences in human capital. The latter can be accumulated in two ways: through experience and education. Using matched firm-worker data for the Ghanaian Manufacturing sector we first test whether changes in wages over the life cycle reflect changes in performance, following the methodology of Medoff and Abraham [Medoff, J.L., amp; Abraham, K.G. (1980). Experience, Performance, and Earnings. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 95(4), 703-736; Medoff, J.L., amp; Abraham, K.G. (1981). Are Those Paid More Really More Productive? The Case of Experience. Journal of Human Resources, 16(2), 186-216].We find that wage-seniority profiles are independent of performance - a result that holds when controlling for firm fixed effects. Extending the analysis, we include a control for on-the job-training and find that it does not attenuate the seniority profile, which is also at odds with human capital theory.We do find however that firm characteristics play an important role.Wage-seniority profiles are steeper in large firms, but performance profiles are not, suggesting that the results from Medoff and Abraham are specific to large firms.We then assess the role of education. Our results confirm that education is important for the allocation to job levels.Using data on cognitive ability,we also find that the effect of education on wages is at least partially because it signals cognitive ability. We also find evidence that the returns to education are notrelated to performance, while the returns to cognitive ability are.
Author: J. Robert Baum
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317613791
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
Entrepreneurship is essential for international social and economic well-being, as new ventures are the dominant source of job creation, market innovation, and economic growth in many societies. In this book, a noted group of researchers use findings, methods, and theories of modern psychology as the basis for gaining important, new insights into entrepreneurship-and into the hearts and minds of the talented, passionate professionals who create new business ventures. The Psychology of Entrepreneurship, a volume in the SIOP Organizational Frontiers Series, is the first book written about the psychology of entrepreneurship, and includes over 60 research questions to guide industrial organizational psychology, organizational behavior, and entrepreneurship research about entrepreneurs. It seeks to answer questions such as, how and why do some people, but not others, recognize opportunities, decide to start new ventures, and organize successful, rapidly growing new ventures? Some topics addressed include: methods to help researchers explore the domain of entrepreneurship research; the entire process of starting a new business; characteristics of the individual entrepreneur; the history of entrepreneurship education; the cross-cultural effects of entrepreneurship; and the viewpoints of seasoned psychologists who analyze current entrepreneurship research methods. This book will appeal to teachers, students, and researchers in the areas of industrial organizational psychology, organizational behavior, entrepreneurship, and management.
Author: Deniz S Ones
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1473942780
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 3173
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Book Description
The second edition of this best-selling Handbook presents a fully updated and expanded overview of research, providing the latest perspectives on the analysis of theories, techniques, and methods used by industrial, work, and organizational psychologists. Building on the strengths of the first edition, key additions to this edition include in-depth historical chapter overviews of professional contexts across the globe, along with new chapters on strategic human resource management; corporate social responsibility; diversity, stress, emotions and mindfulness in the workplace; environmental sustainability at work; aging workforces, among many others. Providing a truly global approach and authoritative overview, this three-volume Handbook is an indispensable resource and essential reading for professionals, researchers and students in the field. Volume One: Personnel Psychology and Employee Performance Volume Two: Organizational Psychology Volume Three: Managerial Psychology and Organizational Approaches
Author: Deniz S Ones
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1473942802
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 1073
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Book Description
The first volume in The SAGE Handbook of Industrial, Organizational and Work Psychology introduces key concepts in personnel and employee performance from cognitive ability and the psychological predictors used in assessments to employee and team values. The editor and contributors present a clear overview of key research in the areas of behaviour change and how to assess individual job performance – making Volume I indispensable for anyone working in or studying Human Resource Management.
Author: Joop Hartog
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139464809
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Book Description
At a time when governments and policy-makers put so much emphasis on 'the knowledge economy' and the economic value of education, human capital theory has never been more important. However, research in this area is often very technical and therefore not easily accessible to those who wish to use it as a guide to policy formation. This book provides an interface between such research and its potential applications in government, education and business. Reporting on a major research initiative, new findings are presented in a non-technical way on three major themes: measuring the benefits from human capital, applications of the human capital model, and policy interventions. Aimed at academic researchers and professionals concerned with the problems and techniques of human capital theory, it will also be useful for graduate courses on the economics of education to complement standard textbooks.
Author: Gina Roberts
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3832483659
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 146
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Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Champions of Human Capital in organisations, such as Human Resources directors, are in need of empirical evidence to justify to board members, CEOs and ultimately shareholders why financial investments into Human Capital should be increased or at least maintained. The research questions posed in this thesis take on the challenge to find empirical evidence that investment in Human Capital, through Human Resources, has a positive impact on intermediate as well as accounting and share-value indicators of organisational performance. This literature review summarises, integrates and evaluates research published between 1998 and 2003 pertaining to the direct and indirect relationship between Human Resources on different indicators of intermediate and bottom-line performance. The review is comprised of 31 articles clustered into the following topics: strategic HRM, Human Resources Development, technology, diverse workforces and flexible working conditions and methodological issues in HR-organisational performance research. Evidence for the direct and indirect impact of HR on organisational performance is discussed and the findings are interpreted with reference to Ostroff and Bowen s Multi-Level Model (2000), which explains the individual, organisational and inter-level relationships between Human Resources and organisational performance. Enabling conditions that strengthen the HR-organisational performance relationship are identified. Methodological issues such as levels of analyses, short-term vs. long-term perspectives and generalisability are evaluated in detail. Employee benefits from enhanced organisational performance and barriers to the diffusion of high-performance work practices are research questions that still remain unanswered (Ichniowski et al., 2000). Future research should focus on building up a portfolio of studies at different levels of analyses and include a broader range of organisational performance variables that are also relevant employees as well as shareholders and top management. The implications of the research findings for HR directors and corporate strategy functions are presented. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: 1.Introduction4 2.Theoretical Background7 2.1How is Human Capital Conceptualised in the Management Literature?7 2.2The Human Capital Project8 2.3The Story so Far: Theoretical Perspectives on Human Resources Management9 2.3.1Current State of Research on HR Practices and Firm [...]
