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Author: Anastasia Pharris
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789291936434
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Anastasia Pharris
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789291936434
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gay men
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author: King K. Holmes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805253
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1027
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Book Description
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309683951
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 750
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Book Description
One in five people in the United States had a sexually transmitted infection (STI) on any given day in 2018, totaling nearly 68 million estimated infections. STIs are often asymptomatic (especially in women) and are therefore often undiagnosed and unreported. Untreated STIs can have severe health consequences, including chronic pelvic pain, infertility, miscarriage or newborn death, and increased risk of HIV infection, genital and oral cancers, neurological and rheumatological effects. In light of this, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through the National Association of County and City Health Officials, commissioned the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to examine the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provide recommendations for action. In 1997, the Institute of Medicine released a report, The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Although significant scientific advances have been made since that time, many of the problems and barriers described in that report persist today; STIs remain an underfunded and comparatively neglected field of public health practice and research. The committee reviewed the current state of STIs in the United States, and the resulting report, Sexually Transmitted Infections: Advancing a Sexual Health Paradigm, provides advice on future public health programs, policy, and research.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789291936427
Category : HIV infections
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
In all countries of the European Union and European Economic Area, men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV and other sexually transmitted infections including gonorrhoea, syphilis, chlamydia and hepatitis B and C. In several countries in the region, the incidence of these infections has increased among MSM, in some cases markedly, over the last decade. There is evidence that services to prevent, diagnose and treat infections are not being delivered at the appropriate scale to impact on transmission patterns. Based on a systematic review of the literature and expert opinion, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control suggests that there is good evidence to ensure that the following key components are considered for inclusion in national and sub-national public health programmes in countries in Europe.^The evidence indicates that these services and interventions can effectively prevent and reduce HIV and STI transmission among MSM, address the needs of MSM who are living with HIV, as well as promote sexual health among all MSM. 1. Vaccinations: Promote and deliver vaccination to protect against hepatitis A and B. Consider vaccination for human papilloma virus (HPV). 2. Condoms: Provide easily accessible condoms and condom-compatible lubricants and promote their effective use. 3. HIV and STI testing: Provide voluntary and confidential HIV and STI counselling and testing via a variety of modalities that are easy to access for the target group. Voluntary partner referral can support the early diagnosis and treatment of contacts. 4. Treatment: Timely provision of treatment for HIV, viral hepatitis and STI should be ensured. Preventive benefits of treatment are significant. 5.^Health promotion: Provide accurate and accessible information that enables men to understand and assess sexual health-related risks and prevention efficacy, and that promotes awareness of one's own HIV and STI status. 6. MSM-competent health services: MSM-competent points of care offering a comprehensive sexual health programme including health promotion, counselling, peer support, prevention, adequate diagnostics and treatment will increase service uptake. Ensure target group involvement and training for providers on how to offer comprehensive care for MSM. 7. Targeted care for MSM living with HIV: Provide antiretroviral treatment for HIV and vaccination; regular STI screening using adequate diagnostics; treatment for STIs; individual counselling, sexual health promotion and peer-support groups for men living with HIV.^Prevention services for MSM should be targeted following the analysis of relevant and reliable epidemiological data, so that services are directed at the appropriate scale to those geographical and risk populations most at risk of HIV and STI infection. Combinations of the suggested key interventions should be offered to MSM in order to achieve synergy and the highest levels of effectiveness. Prevention needs and preferences of MSM vary across and within country settings, by individual and over time. Offering and implementing prevention packages in collaboration with the target group, or where appropriate, by the target group, is crucial to the success of national and sub-national prevention programmes. As many countries in Europe experience constrained public health budgets, it is more important than ever to implement targeted and evidence-based measures that address the groups most affected by the HIV epidemic as well as those most at-risk for disease acquisition and transmission.^The promotion of sexual health using positive messages framed in an empowering environment in relation to individual needs, will ensure greater effectiveness of the prevention efforts resulting in increased sexual health and reduced new infections of HIV and other STI in Europe.
Author: International HIV/AIDS alliance (Brighton).
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
Author: Roger Winder
Publisher: Unaids Regional Support Team East and Southern Africa
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
The term "men who have sex with men" - frequently shortened to MSM - describes a behaviour rather than a specific group of people. It includes self-identified gay, bisexual, transgendered or heterosexual men. Many men who have sex with men do not consider themselves gay or bisexual. They are often married, particularly where discriminatory laws or social stigma of male sexual relations exist. Largely because of the taboo, the female partners of men who have sex with men are often unaware of their partner's other liaisons, and the threat posed to themselves. Forced sex among men is not uncommon, especially in men-only environments such as prisons. Men who have sex with men are found in all societies, yet are largely invisible in many places. In terms of HIV, sex between men is significant because it can involve anal sex, which when unprotected carries a very high risk. Sex between men is thought to account for between 5 and 10% of global HIV infections, although the proportion of cases attributed to this mode of transmission varies considerably between countries. It is the predominant mode in much of the developed world. Globally less than one in twenty men who have sex with men have access to the HIV prevention and care services they need. Many factors contribute to this situation including denial by society and communities, stigma and discrimination, and human rights abuse. Vulnerability to HIV infection is increased where sex between men is criminalised, as men are either excluded from, or exclude themselves from, sexual health and welfare agencies out of fear. A range of interventions to reduce risk behaviours among men who have sex with men have proven successful, including: condom promotion, safer-sex campaigns and skills training; peer education with outreach programmes; and programmes tailored to subpopulations such as male sex workers and men in prisons. Specific policy measures are crucial for making prevention, care and support available to men who have sex with men. First and foremost, they must be included in national HIV programming and funding priorities. The governments must support organisations of men who have sex with men, enabling them to promote HIV prevention and care programmes and to participate in HIV planning and policymaking. Legislation should be changed, decriminalizing same-sex acts and providing protective laws against discrimination based on sexual orientation.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240076174
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
In 2022, WHO published the Consolidated guidelines on HIV, viral hepatitis and STI prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care for key populations. These guidelines outline a public health response to HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for five key populations (men who have sex with men, sex workers, people in prisons and other closed settings, people who inject drugs and trans and gender diverse people). In this policy brief, we give an update on those parts of the guidelines which are relevant for men who have sex with men.
Author: Michael Wright
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317713028
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
It is widely recognized that current HIV intervention models are falling short of their goals. What are the alternatives? To answer this question, New International Directions in HIV Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men presents a collection of articles from European and American authors that rival dominant paradigms of HIV prevention. Researchers, practitioners, and community organizations will be challenged to examine current assumptions and to consider neglected aspects of risk behavior such as love, trust, and the dynamics of sexual intimacy. New International Directions in HIV Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men explores models and theories that will help you develop more effective HIV prevention programs to better serve patients and clients. New International Directions in HIV Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men offers you fresh perspectives on prevention work by examining risk behaviors in the interactional, communal, and social contexts in which they are practiced. You will receive alternative explanations and reasons for HIV risk that go beyond current approaches and that introduce possibilities for new intervention strategies. Written by experts in the field, the chapters in New International Directions in HIV Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men will give you insight into new ideas and developments, including: placing a greater emphasis on improving successful risk management strategies as opposed to quantifying risk factors examining the meaning and context of sexual acts which occur in casual encounters or steady partnerships and incorporating their relevancy into prevention work considering the effects that cultural context and socially constructed meanings have on prevention work and incorporating individuals’values and feelings into prevention strategies focusing on more realistic goals of harm reduction that take sexual decision making into consideration as opposed to expecting abstinence relating the various aspects of sexual encounters--physical attraction, intimacy, reciprocity, and power--to reasons why men choose not to use condoms Examining how gay men can underestimate the risk of HIV in order to meet needs of intimacy, New International Directions in HIV Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men will help you understand the symbolic dimension of sexual contact. The normal, everyday reasons for having sex without a condom are explored, questioning models which often characterize unprotected sex as being the result of low self-esteem, substance abuse, or some other psychological vulnerability. Presenting data from both qualitative and quantitative research conducted at group and individual levels, this book reveals the complexity of risk behavior, the richness of sexual experience, and the importance of respecting the unique context in which gay men live their sexual lives. New International Directions in HIV Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men will help you understand this point of view, enabling you to provide patients and clients with more effective HIV prevention and risk management services.
Author: Chris Beyrer
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 9780801886478
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Provides critical evidenced based assessements and tools with which to investigate the role of rights abrogation in the health of populations.
