Author: Kok Keng Tee
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889668991
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 222

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Author: Marie Leoz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 15

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Les VIH-1 de groupe 0 (VIH-1/0) sont des variants rares, essentiellement retrouvés au Cameroun où ils représenteraient plusieurs milliers de cas. Les causes de leur faible diffusion restent méconnues: leur émergence serait aussi ancienne que les VIH-1 de groupe M, pourtant devenus pandémiques. En près d'un siècle, les VIII-1/0 ont développé une importante diversité génétique, dont la description reste ambiguë du fait de l'existence de plusieurs nomenclatures basées sur un nombre restreint de séquences génétiques. Peu de données sont disponibles quant aux causes de cette diversité et à son impact sur diverses propriétés virologiques. La mutation Y181C de la Transcriptase Inverse (TI) a toutefois été proposée comme critère de classification des VIH-1/0, et suspectée de conférer un avantage réplicatif à ceux chez qui elle serait naturellement présente. Ce travail a donc constitué à caractériser plus largement la diversité génétique des vm-vo, et à explorer la dynamique de leur évolution au cours du temps à l'aide de méthodes bayésiennes. Nous avons ainsi identifié deux phases de diversification successives, liées au développement de deux sous-groupes: T, minoritaire et ayant émergé dans les années 1960, et H, majoritaire et ayant émergé du sous-groupe T dans les années 1980. La présence de la mutation 181C a été associée au sous-groupe H, ce qui a conduit à la définition de trois populations virales: H/181C-like, H/181Y-like et T/181Y-like. Une forte conservation du motif signature K28, K103, 1142, D174, L178 au niveau de la poche non catalytique de la TI des virus H/181C-like a été mise en évidence, mais aucun de ces marqueurs (présence de la mutation 181C, appartenance à la population H/181C-like ou présence du motif associé) ne semble être lié à un plus haut niveau de réplication virale in vivo. Afin de développer les connaissances sur le tropisme des VIH-110, une propriété en lien avec l'évolution 1 clinique de l'infection par VIH-11M ou VIH-2, nous avons développé un outil de phénotropisme basé sur la production de pseudovirus présentant un clone de glycoprotéine d'Enveloppe V111-1/0. Nous avons montré que les 16 Enveloppes produites n'utilisaient que le corécepteur CCR5, malgré l'exploration d'échantillons séquentiels et/ou prélevés en phase d'infection tardive. Enfin, pour permettre l'analyse des propriétés phénotypiques liées aux différentes populations VIH-1/0, nous avons participé à la production de trois nouveaux de clones moléculaires infectieux représentant deux souches H/181C-like et une souche T/181Y-like. Ces clones ont contribué à démontrer comment les VIH-1/0 contrecarraient l'action de la Tetherine et modulaient l'expression de NFKB par le biais des protéines Nef et Vpu. En conclusion, nos résultats suggèrent une dynamique d'évolution des V111-1/0 plus complexe que suspectée jusqu'alors, ayant entraîné l'émergence de deux sous-groupes distincts. Nous avons unifié les 1 différents systèmes de nomenclature, décrit des caractéristiques distinguant trois populations virales, et développé de nouveaux outils pour contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des conséquences de leur diversité génétique.

Author: Keith A. Crandall
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 9780801861512
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 524

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Wolinsky.-- "European Molecular Biology Organization Reports"

Author: Thomas J. Hope
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781461496106
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Paul Volberding
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 141602882X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 850

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HIV/AIDS management poses many different challenges around the world, and the therapies available in the West are often not economically feasible in developing countries. This new book is the first to address the myriad of clinical difficulties faced by health practitioners worldwide in managing HIV/AIDS. Edited by the same authorities responsible for the highly respected reference "The Medical Management of AIDS," with Associate Editors that include the President of the International AIDS Society and a preeminent opinion leader in the fight against AIDS in Africa, and authored by a "who's who" of current global experts on HIV and AIDS medicine, this visionary text presents all the practical, indispensable information that clinicians everywhere need to offer their patients the best possible care. Access reliable, up-to-the-minute guidance that addresses the realities of HIV/AIDS management in your geographical region, thanks to contributions from a global cast of renowned expert clinicians and researchers. Locate the clinically actionable information you need quickly with an organization that mirrors the current state of the AIDS epidemic and the different needs of Western vs. developing-world patients and clinicians. Diagnose AIDS manifestations confidently by comparing them to full-color clinical images. Review essential data quickly through numerous at-a-glance tables.

Author: W. David Hardy
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190493097
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 617

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Completely updated for 2017, Fundamentals of HIV Medicine is a comprehensive clinical care publication for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Published by the American Academy of HIV Medicine, the book offers physicians, pharmacists, nurse practitioners, and other care providers the most up-to-date overview of the latest HIV treatments and guidelines plus online access to CME. The online access expires August 2018. Embodying the AAHIVM's commitment to promoting uniform excellence in care of seropositive patients, Fundamentals of HIV Medicine 2017 empowers health professionals to deliver standardized, life-sustaining treatment to the patients who need it most. It will serve as an essential clinical reference and provide valuable career enrichment to users across the spectrum of HIV care, treatment, and prevention.

Author: Kok Keng Tee
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889769402
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Author: Stephen A. Morse
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702047643
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 389

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The Atlas of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS, 4th Edition, by Drs. Stephen A. Morse, King K. Holmes, Adele A. Moreland, MD, and Ronald C. Ballard, provides you with an exclusive gallery of STD and AIDS images so you can better diagnose and treat these diseases. Approximately 1,100 unique images – most in full color and 30% new to this edition – depict the clinical signs associated with each type of infection. You’ll also find expert guidance on new vaccines, screening techniques, treatment guidelines, and best practices in the field. Get expert advice on the tests available to reach a definitive diagnosis and review therapeutic options, treatment guidelines, prevention strategies, and management of complications. Access appendices on the selection and evaluation of diagnostic tests, quality control, and test technologies. Effectively diagnose all types of STDs and HIV/AIDS with approximately 1,100 images—most in full color and more than 30% new to this edition―that depict the epidemiology as well as the clinical manifestations of these diseases. Effectively utilize new vaccines for HPV and Hepatitis B, new screening tests for Chlamydia, new drugs under development, new treatment guidelines and best practices in HIV screening, and much more.

Author: Angus G. Dalgleish
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080534082
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 569

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HIV and the New Viruses presents cutting-edge reviews of persistent human virus infections as a coherent collection for the first time. These cover recently discovered viruses such as HHV-6, HHV-8 and HCV, as well as the latest research on HIV. This comprehensive and updated reference includes an in-depth study of the major issues in the epidemiology, pathogenicity, molecular virology, host responses and management of conditions associated with those viruses. Information on new pharmaceuticals and vaccine developments is also included. Edited by the leading experts in the field, HIV and the New Viruses will be essential reading for postgraduates, clinicians and researchers in virology, immunology, cancer, molecular biology and the pharmaceutical industry. Presents cutting-edge reviews of persistent human virus infections as a coherent collection for the first time Includes an in-depth study of the major issues in the epidemiology, pathogenicity, molecular virology, host responses, and management of conditions associated with those viruses

Author: Nelson Michael
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1592596010
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 402

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Book Description
The worldwide impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV- is reflected in the cumulative number ofHIV- 1 infections, which is now predicted to exceed 40 million by the year 2000---equivalent to the n- ber of humans who perished in World War II. The medical and scientific - sponse to the HIV-1 pandemic has steadily grown since its recognition in 1981. The outlay by the United States alone for HIV research funded by the National Institutes of Health in 1997 was $1. 4 billion. Laboratory-based HIV research has brought together academic clinicians, retrovirologists, molecular biologists, and immunologists in the formation of research teams attempting to dissect the viral and host factors contributing to disease pathogenesis. Increasing focus is being placed on those aspects of viral biology and host immune responses that bear on the development of vaccines to prevent HIV infection. HIVProtocols reflects the state of HIV research in several ways. First, chapters are organized into four sections: Virology, Molecular Biology, Humoral Immunology, and Cellular Immunology. This organization is a natural consequence of the diverse scientific disciplines that have been attracted to HIV research. Second, the chapters reflect such diverse research directions as viral coreceptor usage, quantitation of viral genomes, HIV promoter function, B-cell epitope mapping, and measurements of T-cell function, each of which bears on the goal of understanding the viral and host immune responses that will be critical to the design of effective preventive vaccines.