A History of Elementary Mathematics, with Hints on Methods of Teaching

A History of Elementary Mathematics, with Hints on Methods of Teaching PDF Author: Florian Cajori
Publisher: Saveth Press
ISBN: 1443749060
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 312

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Book Description
PREFACE. THE Author of this very practical treatise on Scotch Loch - Fishing desires clearly that it may be of use to all who had it. He does not pretend to have written anything new, but to have attempted to put what he has to say in as readable a form as possible. Everything in the way of the history and habits of fish has been studiously avoided, and technicalities have been used as sparingly as possible. The writing of this book has afforded him pleasure in his leisure moments, and that pleasure would be much increased if he knew that the perusal of it would create any bond of sympathy between himself and the angling community in general. This section is interleaved with blank shects for the readers notes. The Author need hardly say that any suggestions addressed to the case of the publishers, will meet with consideration in a future edition. We do not pretend to write or enlarge upon a new subject. Much has been said and written-and well said and written too on the art of fishing but loch-fishing has been rather looked upon as a second-rate performance, and to dispel this idea is one of the objects for which this present treatise has been written. Far be it from us to say anything against fishing, lawfully practised in any form but many pent up in our large towns will bear us out when me say that, on the whole, a days loch-fishing is the most convenient. One great matter is, that the loch-fisher is depend- ent on nothing but enough wind to curl the water, -and on a large loch it is very seldom that a dead calm prevails all day, -and can make his arrangements for a day, weeks beforehand whereas the stream- fisher is dependent for a good take on the state of the water and however pleasant and easy it may be for one living near the banks of a good trout stream or river, it is quite another matter to arrange for a days river-fishing, if one is looking forward to a holiday at a date some weeks ahead. Providence may favour the expectant angler with a good day, and the water in order but experience has taught most of us that the good days are in the minority, and that, as is the case with our rapid running streams, -such as many of our northern streams are, -the water is either too large or too small, unless, as previously remarked, you live near at hand, and can catch it at its best. A common belief in regard to loch-fishing is, that the tyro and the experienced angler have nearly the same chance in fishing, -the one from the stern and the other from the bow of the same boat. Of all the absurd beliefs as to loch-fishing, this is one of the most absurd. Try it. Give the tyro either end of the boat he likes give him a cast of ally flies he may fancy, or even a cast similar to those which a crack may be using and if he catches one for every three the other has, he may consider himself very lucky. Of course there are lochs where the fish are not abundant, and a beginner may come across as many as an older fisher but we speak of lochs where there are fish to be caught, and where each has a fair chance. Again, it is said that the boatman has as much to do with catching trout in a loch as the angler. Well, we dont deny that. In an untried loch it is necessary to have the guidance of a good boatman but the same argument holds good as to stream-fishing...

A History of Elementary Mathematics, with Hints on Methods of Teaching

A History of Elementary Mathematics, with Hints on Methods of Teaching PDF Author: Florian Cajori
Publisher: Saveth Press
ISBN: 1443749060
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 312

Get Book Here

Book Description
PREFACE. THE Author of this very practical treatise on Scotch Loch - Fishing desires clearly that it may be of use to all who had it. He does not pretend to have written anything new, but to have attempted to put what he has to say in as readable a form as possible. Everything in the way of the history and habits of fish has been studiously avoided, and technicalities have been used as sparingly as possible. The writing of this book has afforded him pleasure in his leisure moments, and that pleasure would be much increased if he knew that the perusal of it would create any bond of sympathy between himself and the angling community in general. This section is interleaved with blank shects for the readers notes. The Author need hardly say that any suggestions addressed to the case of the publishers, will meet with consideration in a future edition. We do not pretend to write or enlarge upon a new subject. Much has been said and written-and well said and written too on the art of fishing but loch-fishing has been rather looked upon as a second-rate performance, and to dispel this idea is one of the objects for which this present treatise has been written. Far be it from us to say anything against fishing, lawfully practised in any form but many pent up in our large towns will bear us out when me say that, on the whole, a days loch-fishing is the most convenient. One great matter is, that the loch-fisher is depend- ent on nothing but enough wind to curl the water, -and on a large loch it is very seldom that a dead calm prevails all day, -and can make his arrangements for a day, weeks beforehand whereas the stream- fisher is dependent for a good take on the state of the water and however pleasant and easy it may be for one living near the banks of a good trout stream or river, it is quite another matter to arrange for a days river-fishing, if one is looking forward to a holiday at a date some weeks ahead. Providence may favour the expectant angler with a good day, and the water in order but experience has taught most of us that the good days are in the minority, and that, as is the case with our rapid running streams, -such as many of our northern streams are, -the water is either too large or too small, unless, as previously remarked, you live near at hand, and can catch it at its best. A common belief in regard to loch-fishing is, that the tyro and the experienced angler have nearly the same chance in fishing, -the one from the stern and the other from the bow of the same boat. Of all the absurd beliefs as to loch-fishing, this is one of the most absurd. Try it. Give the tyro either end of the boat he likes give him a cast of ally flies he may fancy, or even a cast similar to those which a crack may be using and if he catches one for every three the other has, he may consider himself very lucky. Of course there are lochs where the fish are not abundant, and a beginner may come across as many as an older fisher but we speak of lochs where there are fish to be caught, and where each has a fair chance. Again, it is said that the boatman has as much to do with catching trout in a loch as the angler. Well, we dont deny that. In an untried loch it is necessary to have the guidance of a good boatman but the same argument holds good as to stream-fishing...

A History of Elementary Mathematics

A History of Elementary Mathematics PDF Author: Florian Cajori
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Book Description


A History of Elementary Mathematics with Hints on Methods of Teaching

A History of Elementary Mathematics with Hints on Methods of Teaching PDF Author: Florian Cajori
Publisher: Theclassics.Us
ISBN: 9781230378220
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 98

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Book Description
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1897 edition. Excerpt: ... ALGEBRA The Renaissance One of the great steps in the development of algebra during the sixteenth century was the algebraic solution of cubic equations. The honour of this remarkable feat belongs to the Italians.1 The first successful attack upon cubic equations was made by Scipio Ferro (died in 1526), professor of mathematics at Bologna. He solved cubics of the form x3 + mx = n, but nothing more is known of his solution than that he taught it to his pupil Floridus in 1505. It was the practice in those days and during centuries afterwards for teachers to keep secret their discoveries or their new methods of treatment, in order that pupils might not acquire this knowledge, except at their own schools, or in order to secure an advantage over rival mathematicians by proposing problems beyond their reach. This practice gave rise to many disputes on the priority of inventions. One of the most famous of these quarrels arose in connection with the discovery of cubics, between Tartaglia and Cardan. In 1530 one Colla proposed to Tartaglia several problems, one leading to the equation x>+px2 = q. The latter found an imperfect method of resolving this, made known his success, but kept 1 The geometric solution had been given previously by the Arabs. 224 his solution secret. This led Ferro's pupil Floridus to proclaim his knowledge of how to solve a? + mx = n. Tartaglia challenged him to a public contest to take place Feb. 22, 1535. Meanwhile he worked hard, attempting to solve other cases of cubic equations, and finally succeeded, ten days before the appointed date, in mastering the case X3 = mx -f n. At the contest each man proposed 30 problems. The one who should be able to solve the greater number within fifty days was to be the victor....

A History of Elementary Mathematics

A History of Elementary Mathematics PDF Author: Florian Cajori
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Book Description


The Historical Roots of Elementary Mathematics

The Historical Roots of Elementary Mathematics PDF Author: Lucas N. H. Bunt
Publisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 0486139689
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 337

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Book Description
Exciting, hands-on approach to understanding fundamental underpinnings of modern arithmetic, algebra, geometry and number systems examines their origins in early Egyptian, Babylonian, and Greek sources.

A History of Elementary Mathematics

A History of Elementary Mathematics PDF Author: Florian Cajori
Publisher: Cosimo, Inc.
ISBN: 1602069913
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 338

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Book Description
Traces development of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and trigonometry in ancient world; influence of Hindu and Arabic mathematicians on medieval Europe; and trends that led to modern mathematics. 1917 edition.

History of Elementary Mathematics With Hints on Methods of Teaching

History of Elementary Mathematics With Hints on Methods of Teaching PDF Author: Florian Cajori
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780243650880
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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History of Mathematics: General survey of the history of elementary mathematics

History of Mathematics: General survey of the history of elementary mathematics PDF Author: David Eugene Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 632

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A History of Elementary Mathematics

A History of Elementary Mathematics PDF Author: Cajori
Publisher: Palala Press
ISBN: 9781358459719
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

A History of Elementary Mathematics

A History of Elementary Mathematics PDF Author: Florian Cajori
Publisher: Theclassics.Us
ISBN: 9781230306674
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Book Description
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1898 edition. Excerpt: ... MODERN EUROPE. We find it convenient to choose the time of the capture of Constantinople by the Turks as the date at which the Middle Ages ended and Modern Times began. In 1453, the Turks battered the walls of this celebrated metropolis with cannon, and finally captured the city; the Byzantine Empire fell, to rise no more. Calamitous as was this event to the East, it acted favourably upon the progress of learning in the West. A great number of learned Greeks fled into Italy, bringing with them precious manuscripts of Greek literature. This contributed vastly to the reviving of classic learning. Up to this time, Greek masters were known only through the often very corrupt Arabic manuscripts, but now they began to be studied from original sources and in their own language. The first English translation of Euclid was made in 1570 from the Greek by Sir Henry Billingsley, assisted by John Dee.(r) About the middle of the fifteenth century, printing was invented; books became cheap and plentiful; the printing-press transformed Europe into an audience-room. Near the close of the fiftjenth century, America was discovered, and, soon after, the earth was circumnavigated. The pulse and pace of the world began to quicken. Men's minds became less servile; they became clearer and stronger. The indistinctness of thought, which was the characteristic feature of mediaeval learning, began to be remedied chiefly by the steady cultivation of Pure Mathematics and Astronomy. Dogmatism was attacked; there arose a long struggle with the authority of the Church and the established schools of philosophy. The Copernican System was set up in opposition to the time-honoured Ptolemaic System. The long and eager contest between the two culminated in a crisis at the.