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Author: A. Biere
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643681613
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1486
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Book Description
Propositional logic has been recognized throughout the centuries as one of the cornerstones of reasoning in philosophy and mathematics. Over time, its formalization into Boolean algebra was accompanied by the recognition that a wide range of combinatorial problems can be expressed as propositional satisfiability (SAT) problems. Because of this dual role, SAT developed into a mature, multi-faceted scientific discipline, and from the earliest days of computing a search was underway to discover how to solve SAT problems in an automated fashion. This book, the Handbook of Satisfiability, is the second, updated and revised edition of the book first published in 2009 under the same name. The handbook aims to capture the full breadth and depth of SAT and to bring together significant progress and advances in automated solving. Topics covered span practical and theoretical research on SAT and its applications and include search algorithms, heuristics, analysis of algorithms, hard instances, randomized formulae, problem encodings, industrial applications, solvers, simplifiers, tools, case studies and empirical results. SAT is interpreted in a broad sense, so as well as propositional satisfiability, there are chapters covering the domain of quantified Boolean formulae (QBF), constraints programming techniques (CSP) for word-level problems and their propositional encoding, and satisfiability modulo theories (SMT). An extensive bibliography completes each chapter. This second edition of the handbook will be of interest to researchers, graduate students, final-year undergraduates, and practitioners using or contributing to SAT, and will provide both an inspiration and a rich resource for their work. Edmund Clarke, 2007 ACM Turing Award Recipient: "SAT solving is a key technology for 21st century computer science." Donald Knuth, 1974 ACM Turing Award Recipient: "SAT is evidently a killer app, because it is key to the solution of so many other problems." Stephen Cook, 1982 ACM Turing Award Recipient: "The SAT problem is at the core of arguably the most fundamental question in computer science: What makes a problem hard?"
Author: A. Biere
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643681613
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1486
Get Book
Book Description
Propositional logic has been recognized throughout the centuries as one of the cornerstones of reasoning in philosophy and mathematics. Over time, its formalization into Boolean algebra was accompanied by the recognition that a wide range of combinatorial problems can be expressed as propositional satisfiability (SAT) problems. Because of this dual role, SAT developed into a mature, multi-faceted scientific discipline, and from the earliest days of computing a search was underway to discover how to solve SAT problems in an automated fashion. This book, the Handbook of Satisfiability, is the second, updated and revised edition of the book first published in 2009 under the same name. The handbook aims to capture the full breadth and depth of SAT and to bring together significant progress and advances in automated solving. Topics covered span practical and theoretical research on SAT and its applications and include search algorithms, heuristics, analysis of algorithms, hard instances, randomized formulae, problem encodings, industrial applications, solvers, simplifiers, tools, case studies and empirical results. SAT is interpreted in a broad sense, so as well as propositional satisfiability, there are chapters covering the domain of quantified Boolean formulae (QBF), constraints programming techniques (CSP) for word-level problems and their propositional encoding, and satisfiability modulo theories (SMT). An extensive bibliography completes each chapter. This second edition of the handbook will be of interest to researchers, graduate students, final-year undergraduates, and practitioners using or contributing to SAT, and will provide both an inspiration and a rich resource for their work. Edmund Clarke, 2007 ACM Turing Award Recipient: "SAT solving is a key technology for 21st century computer science." Donald Knuth, 1974 ACM Turing Award Recipient: "SAT is evidently a killer app, because it is key to the solution of so many other problems." Stephen Cook, 1982 ACM Turing Award Recipient: "The SAT problem is at the core of arguably the most fundamental question in computer science: What makes a problem hard?"
Author: Frank van Harmelen
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780080557021
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1034
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Book Description
Handbook of Knowledge Representation describes the essential foundations of Knowledge Representation, which lies at the core of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The book provides an up-to-date review of twenty-five key topics in knowledge representation, written by the leaders of each field. It includes a tutorial background and cutting-edge developments, as well as applications of Knowledge Representation in a variety of AI systems. This handbook is organized into three parts. Part I deals with general methods in Knowledge Representation and reasoning and covers such topics as classical logic in Knowledge Representation; satisfiability solvers; description logics; constraint programming; conceptual graphs; nonmonotonic reasoning; model-based problem solving; and Bayesian networks. Part II focuses on classes of knowledge and specialized representations, with chapters on temporal representation and reasoning; spatial and physical reasoning; reasoning about knowledge and belief; temporal action logics; and nonmonotonic causal logic. Part III discusses Knowledge Representation in applications such as question answering; the semantic web; automated planning; cognitive robotics; multi-agent systems; and knowledge engineering. This book is an essential resource for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in knowledge representation and AI. * Make your computer smarter * Handle qualitative and uncertain information * Improve computational tractability to solve your problems easily
Author: Roberto Giacobazzi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 364235873X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 567
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Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation, VMCAI 2013, held in Rome, Italy, in January 2013, co-located with the Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, POPL 2013. The 27 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 72 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics including program verification, model checking, abstract interpretation and abstract domains, program synthesis, static analysis, type system, deductive methods, program certification, debugging techniques, program transformation, optimization, hybrid and cyber-physical systems.
Author: Esra Erdem
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642042384
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 670
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Book Description
This volume contains the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning (LPNMR 2009), held during September 14–18, 2009 in Potsdam, Germany. LPNMR is a forum for exchanging ideas on declarative logic programming, nonmonotonic reasoning and knowledge representation. The aim of the c- ference is to facilitate interaction between researchers interested in the design and implementation of logic-based programming languages and database s- tems, and researchers who work in the areas of knowledge representation and nonmonotonic reasoning. LPNMR strives to encompass theoretical and expe- mental studies that have led or will lead to the construction of practical systems for declarative programming and knowledge representation. The special theme of LPNMR 2009 was “Applications of Logic Progr- ming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning” in general and “Answer Set Programming (ASP)” in particular. LPNMR 2009 aimed at providing a comprehensive survey of the state of the art of ASP/LPNMR applications. The special theme was re?ected by dedicating an entire dayof the conference to applications. Apart from special sessions devoted to original and signi?cant ASP/LPNMR applications, we solicited contributions providing an overview of existing successful applications of ASP/LPNMR systems. The presentations on applications were accompanied by two panels, one on existing and another on future applications of ASP/LPNMR.
Author: Youssef Hamadi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319635166
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 677
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Book Description
This is the first book presenting a broad overview of parallelism in constraint-based reasoning formalisms. In recent years, an increasing number of contributions have been made on scaling constraint reasoning thanks to parallel architectures. The goal in this book is to overview these achievements in a concise way, assuming the reader is familiar with the classical, sequential background. It presents work demonstrating the use of multiple resources from single machine multi-core and GPU-based computations to very large scale distributed execution platforms up to 80,000 processing units. The contributions in the book cover the most important and recent contributions in parallel propositional satisfiability (SAT), maximum satisfiability (MaxSAT), quantified Boolean formulas (QBF), satisfiability modulo theory (SMT), theorem proving (TP), answer set programming (ASP), mixed integer linear programming (MILP), constraint programming (CP), stochastic local search (SLS), optimal path finding with A*, model checking for linear-time temporal logic (MC/LTL), binary decision diagrams (BDD), and model-based diagnosis (MBD). The book is suitable for researchers, graduate students, advanced undergraduates, and practitioners who wish to learn about the state of the art in parallel constraint reasoning.
Author: Daniel Kroening
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662504979
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
A decision procedure is an algorithm that, given a decision problem, terminates with a correct yes/no answer. Here, the authors focus on theories that are expressive enough to model real problems, but are still decidable. Specifically, the book concentrates on decision procedures for first-order theories that are commonly used in automated verification and reasoning, theorem-proving, compiler optimization and operations research. The techniques described in the book draw from fields such as graph theory and logic, and are routinely used in industry. The authors introduce the basic terminology of satisfiability modulo theories and then, in separate chapters, study decision procedures for each of the following theories: propositional logic; equalities and uninterpreted functions; linear arithmetic; bit vectors; arrays; pointer logic; and quantified formulas.
Author: Schöning, Uwe
Publisher: Lehmanns Media
ISBN: 3865416489
Category : Algorithms
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
The satisfiability problem of propositional logic, SAT for short, is the first algorithmic problem that was shown to be NP-complete, and is the cornerstone of virtually all NP-completeness proofs. The SAT problem consists of deciding whether a given Boolean formula has a “solution”, in the sense of an assignment to the variables making the entire formula to evaluate to true. Over the last few years very powerful algorithms have been devised being able to solve SAT problems with hundreds of thousands of variables. For difficult (or randomly generated) formulas these algorithms can be compared to the proverbial search for the needle in a haystack. This book explains how such algorithms work, for example, by exploiting the structure of the SAT problem with an appropriate logical calculus, like resolution. But also algorithms based on “physical” principles are considered. I was delighted to see how nicely the authors were able to cover such a variety of topics with elegance. I cannot resist saying that the introduction to SAT on page 9 is absolutely the best I ever expect to see in any book! Donald E. Knuth, Stanford University This book gives lucid descriptions of algorithms for SAT that are better than you would think! A must-read for anyone in theory. William Gasarch, University of Maryland It was a wonderful surprise to see a deep mathematical analysis of important algorithms for SAT presented so clearly and concisely. This is an excellent introductory book for studying the foundations of constraint satisfaction. Osamu Watanabe, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Author: Ding-Zhu Du
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387238301
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 395
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Book Description
This is a supplementary volume to the major three-volume Handbook of Combinatorial Optimization set. It can also be regarded as a stand-alone volume presenting chapters dealing with various aspects of the subject in a self-contained way.
Author: Summit Educational Group
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780578536514
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: The College Board
Publisher: College Board
ISBN: 9780874477726
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
The best way to practice for the SAT Subject Tests in Mathematics Every year nearly 300,000 high school students take an SAT Subject TestTM in Mathematics Level 1 or Mathematics Level 2. Many selective colleges recommend or require them for admission or placement. The Official SAT Subject Tests Study Guide: For Mathematics Level 1 and Level 2 from The College Board is the only source of official questions and answer explanations for these exams, and it is the only guide developed by the test maker. In addition to two full-length, previously administered practice tests for each exam level, this book also contains complete solutions, answer explanations, and test-taking strategies.
