Guidelines for Diagnosing and Managing Disseminated Histoplasmosis Among People Living with HIV. PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789240006430
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Histoplasmosis is a disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. This disease is highly endemic in some regions of North America, Central America, and South America and is also reported in certain countries of Asia and Africa. It often affects people with impaired immunity, including people living with HIV, among whom the most frequent clinical presentation is disseminated histoplasmosis. The symptoms of disseminated histoplasmosis are non-specific and may be indistinguishable from those of other infectious diseases, especially disseminated tuberculosis (TB), thus complicating diagnosis and treatment. Histoplasmosis is one of the most frequent opportunistic infections caused by fungal pathogens among people living with HIV in the Americas and may be responsible for 5-15% of AIDS-related deaths every year in this Region. These guidelines aim to provide recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of disseminated histoplasmosis in persons living with HIV. Although the burden of disease is concentrated in the Americas, the recommendations presented within these guidelines are applicable globally. These guidelines were produced in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) handbook for guideline development. The Guideline Development Group elaborated the final recommendations based on a systematic review of scientific literature and critical evaluation of the evidence available using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. These guidelines are intended for health-care providers, HIV program managers, policy-makers, national treatment advisory boards, researchers, and other professionals involved in caring for people who either have or may be at risk of developing disseminated histoplasmosis.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789240006430
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Histoplasmosis is a disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. This disease is highly endemic in some regions of North America, Central America, and South America and is also reported in certain countries of Asia and Africa. It often affects people with impaired immunity, including people living with HIV, among whom the most frequent clinical presentation is disseminated histoplasmosis. The symptoms of disseminated histoplasmosis are non-specific and may be indistinguishable from those of other infectious diseases, especially disseminated tuberculosis (TB), thus complicating diagnosis and treatment. Histoplasmosis is one of the most frequent opportunistic infections caused by fungal pathogens among people living with HIV in the Americas and may be responsible for 5-15% of AIDS-related deaths every year in this Region. These guidelines aim to provide recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of disseminated histoplasmosis in persons living with HIV. Although the burden of disease is concentrated in the Americas, the recommendations presented within these guidelines are applicable globally. These guidelines were produced in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) handbook for guideline development. The Guideline Development Group elaborated the final recommendations based on a systematic review of scientific literature and critical evaluation of the evidence available using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. These guidelines are intended for health-care providers, HIV program managers, policy-makers, national treatment advisory boards, researchers, and other professionals involved in caring for people who either have or may be at risk of developing disseminated histoplasmosis.
Author: Pan American Pan American Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789275122495
Category : Child health services
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Histoplasmosis is a disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. This disease is highly endemic in some regions of North America, Central America, and South America and is also reported in certain countries of Asia and Africa. It often affects people with impaired immunity, including people living with HIV, among whom the most frequent clinical presentation is disseminated histoplasmosis. The symptoms of disseminated histoplasmosis are non-specific and may be indistinguishable from those of other infectious diseases, especially disseminated tuberculosis (TB), thus complicating diagnosis and treatment. Histoplasmosis is one of the most frequent opportunistic infections caused by fungal pathogens among people living with HIV in the Americas and may be responsible for 5-15% of AIDS-related deaths every year in this Region. These guidelines aim to provide recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of disseminated histoplasmosis in persons living with HIV. Although the burden of disease is concentrated in the Americas, the recommendations presented within these guidelines are applicable globally. These guidelines were produced in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) handbook for guideline development. The Guideline Development Group elaborated the final recommendations based on a systematic review of scientific literature and critical evaluation of the evidence available using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. These guidelines are intended for health-care providers, HIV program managers, policy-makers, national treatment advisory boards, researchers, and other professionals involved in caring for people who either have or may be at risk of developing disseminated histoplasmosis.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240031596
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
These consolidated guidelines on HIV prevention, testing, treatment, service delivery and monitoring bring together existing and new clinical and programmatic recommendations across different ages, populations and settings, bringing together all relevant WHO guidance on HIV produced since 2016. It serves as an update to the previous edition of the consolidated guidelines on HIV. These guidelines continue to be structured along the continuum of HIV care. Information on new combination prevention approaches, HIV testing, ARV regimens and treatment monitoring are included. There is a new chapter on advanced HIV disease that integrates updated guidance on the management of important HIV comorbidities, including cryptococcal disease, histoplasmosis and tuberculosis. The chapter on general HIV care, contains a new section on palliative care and pain management, and up to date information on treatment of several neglected tropical diseases, such as visceral leishmaniasis and Buruli ulcer. New recommendations for screening and treating of cervical pre-cancer lesions in women living with HIV are also addressed in this chapter. Guidance on service delivery was expanded to help the implementation and strengthening the HIV care cascade. Importantly, this guidance emphasizes the need for differentiated approaches to care for people who are established on ART, such as reduced frequency of clinic visits, use of multi-month drug dispensing and implementation of community ART distribution. The adoption of these efficiencies is essential to improve the quality of care of people receiving treatment and reduce the burden on health facilities, particularly in resource limited settings.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240084959
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Advanced HIV disease (defined in persons living with HIV with a CD4 cell count of 200cells/mm3 or presenting with a WHO Stage 3/4 AIDS-defining illness) poses a challenge to many countries globally and is responsible for significant mortality and morbidity among people living with HIV. In 2017, WHO recommended a package of care for the prevention and management of advanced HIV disease. The package was composed of screening tests, diagnostics, prophylaxis, rapid antiretroviral therarpy initiation and enhanced adherence counselling.brThe key screening and diagnostics tests are for the identification of tuberculosis, cryptococcal meningitis, histoplasmosis, and importantly, the assessment of CD4 cell count.brSupporting healthcare workers, national programmes as well as representatives of civil society in improving their understanding of how best to implement these interventions is critical for better uptake, thus improving outcomes for people living with HIV.brThis policy brief summarizes key information on the use of these interventions, based on existing WHO guidelines and recommendations.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240087001
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
Addressing comorbidities and risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) is a crucial component of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s End TB Strategy. These consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 6: tuberculosis and comorbidities summarize the latest WHO recommendations on TB and key comorbidities. It is a living document and will include a separate section for each of the key TB comorbidities or health-related risk factors. This first edition focuses on interventions to address HIV-associated TB and is an update of the WHO policy on collaborative TB/HIV activities: guidelines for national programmes and other stakeholders. People with HIV are 12–16 times more likely to develop TB disease, have poorer TB treatment outcomes and have three-fold higher mortality during TB treatment compared to people without HIV. Despite advances in the screening, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of TB disease, TB remains the leading cause of death among people with HIV worldwide. These consolidated guidelines are intended for use by people working in ministries of health, particularly TB programmes and the relevant departments or programmes responsible for comorbidities and health-related risk factors for TB, as well as programmes addressing mental health and lung health, implementing partners including technical and funding agencies, civil society and representatives of affected communities, clinicians and public health practitioners.
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240022236
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
These guidelines provide new and updated recommendations on the use of point-of-care testing in children under 18 months of age and point-of-care tests to monitor treatment in people living with HIV; the treatment monitoring algorithm; and timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV who are being treated for tuberculosis. WHO is currently in the process of collating all HIV normative guidance developed since 2016 in order to publish the third edition of the consolidated HIV guidelines in July 2021. This updated version will include the new clinical guidance presented here.
Author: Gurpreet S Wander
Publisher: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
ISBN: 9390595460
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 2031
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240019103
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240068651
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240093605
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Depending on the health profile of the traveller, the type of travel to be undertaken, and the place of transit and destination, travellers may face various health risks during travel. The International travel and health collection serves as an entry point for other World Health Organization (WHO) publications that provide further information. Its primary target audience is travel health practitioners and travel health professionals who provide health advice to travellers on appropriate precautions to be taken to minimize any travel-related health risks in unfamiliar environments, before, during and after travel. Module 2: Travellers often experience abrupt and dramatic changes in environmental conditions, which may have detrimental effects on their health and well-being. Travel may involve major changes in altitude, temperature and humidity, and exposure to microbes, animals and insects. The negative impact of sudden changes in the environment can be minimized by taking simple precautions.
