Growth Response of Suppressed True Fir and Mountain Hemlock After Release (Classic Reprint) PDF Download
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Author: Kenneth W. Seidel
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780428699840
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Excerpt from Growth Response of Suppressed True Fir and Mountain Hemlock After Release Both diameter and height growth increased after release from two to four times the prerelease rate for both fir and hemlock. Acceleration of growth generally occurred within 5 years after release with the most rapid growth occurring on clearcut units. Growth curves had a sigmoid form showing constant growth before release, a rapid acceleration during the first 8 to 9 years after release, followed by a flattening of the curves from 10 to 20 years after release. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Kenneth W. Seidel
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780428699840
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Excerpt from Growth Response of Suppressed True Fir and Mountain Hemlock After Release Both diameter and height growth increased after release from two to four times the prerelease rate for both fir and hemlock. Acceleration of growth generally occurred within 5 years after release with the most rapid growth occurring on clearcut units. Growth curves had a sigmoid form showing constant growth before release, a rapid acceleration during the first 8 to 9 years after release, followed by a flattening of the curves from 10 to 20 years after release. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Kenneth W. Seidel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fir
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: Kenneth W. Seidel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fir
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Author: Heidi Renninger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Douglas fir
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), a shade intolerant species, and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), a shade tolerant species, were compared to learn more about the temporal pattern of release from suppression in both species, whether hydraulic architecture or photosynthetic capacity constrain release and how wood functional properties change after release from suppression. The study was conducted in 10-20 year old Douglas-fir and western hemlocks, either in a site that had been thinned to release suppressed trees or in a site that remained unthinned. Douglas-fir had lower height growth (from 1998-2003) and lower relative height growth (height growth from 1998-2003/height in 1998) than western hemlock. However, the relative height growth of released vs. suppressed trees was much higher in Douglas-fir (130%) than western hemlock (65%), suggesting that although height growth was lower, Douglas-fir did indeed release from suppression. Release seems to be constrained initially by photosynthetic capacity in Douglas-fir and western hemlock. In Douglas-fir released trees had 14 times the leaf area and 1.5 times the nitrogen per unit leaf area (Narea) as suppressed trees. Needles on released western hemlock trees had approximately twice the maximum assimilation rate (Amax) at ambient [CO2] as suppressed trees and did not exhibit photoinhibition at the highest light levels. Hydraulic architecture appears to constrain further release from suppression in Douglas-fir more so than western hemlock after the increase in leaf area, leaf N content and overall photosynthetic capacity. Released trees had significantly less negative foliar?13C values and there was also a positive relationship between leaf area:sapwood area ratios and?13C suggesting that trees with more leaf area for a given sapwood area experienced a stomatal limitation on carbon gain. Growth of released trees, thus, may have been limited by stomatal constraints on carbon gain despite a doubling of Amax after release. Nonetheless, trees exhibited no significant differences between the leaf-specific conductivities (KL) of suppressed vs. released trees of either species. However, leaf-specific root conductance (kRL) was significantly greater in suppressed Douglas-fir compared to released trees. Functional wood characteristics were also much different in trees released from suppression and those that remained suppressed. Growth ring widths in released trees increased by 370% for Douglas-fir and 300% for western hemlock, while specific conductivity (Ks) increased by 182% for Douglas-fir and 42% for western hemlock compared to suppressed trees. Earlywood width was approximately four times greater in released than suppressed trees of both species, whereas the relative increase in latewood width between suppressed and released trees was much greater in Douglas-fir than in western hemlock. Latewood proportion decreased by 21% in released Douglas-fir and by 47% released western hemlock compared to suppressed trees. Tracheids were 25% wider and 11% longer in released Douglas-fir saplings than suppressed saplings, whereas in western hemlock released saplings had 19% wider tracheids that were approximately the same length as suppressed saplings. Wood moisture content was 66% higher in released Douglas-fir compared to suppressed Douglas-fir and 41% higher in released western hemlock compared to suppressed western hemlock. Wood density decreased from 0.57 to 0.47 g cm-3 in Douglas-fir trees released from suppression and from 0.50 to 0.45 g cm-3 in western hemlock trees released from suppression. Therefore, it appears that as management patterns switch from even-age systems to uneven-age systems, both Douglas-fir and western hemlock will be able to release from suppression and the wood of released trees will be of good quality for most applications.
Author: K. W. Seidel
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9781390499674
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Excerpt from Natural Reproduction of Grand Fir and Mountain Hemlock After Shelterwood Cutting in Central Oregon Recognizing that shade - tolerant Species found in the fir - hemlock type might regenerate better after partial cutting, the Deschutes National Forest began using the shelterwood method in 1971. This paper reports the natural regeneration of grand fir (abies grandis (dougl.) Lindl. And mountain hemlock (tsuga mertensiana (bong.) Carr.) following a good seed year in response to variations in density of the residual stand. 2. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Author: MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.
Publisher: Penguin Classics
ISBN: 9780241339466
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This landmark missive from one of the greatest activists in history calls for direct, non-violent resistance in the fight against racism, and reflects on the healing power of love.
Author: Therese M. Poland
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030453677
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 455
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Book Description
This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.
Author: Jostein Gaarder
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN: 1466804270
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 735
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Book Description
A page-turning novel that is also an exploration of the great philosophical concepts of Western thought, Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World has fired the imagination of readers all over the world, with more than twenty million copies in print. One day fourteen-year-old Sophie Amundsen comes home from school to find in her mailbox two notes, with one question on each: "Who are you?" and "Where does the world come from?" From that irresistible beginning, Sophie becomes obsessed with questions that take her far beyond what she knows of her Norwegian village. Through those letters, she enrolls in a kind of correspondence course, covering Socrates to Sartre, with a mysterious philosopher, while receiving letters addressed to another girl. Who is Hilde? And why does her mail keep turning up? To unravel this riddle, Sophie must use the philosophy she is learning—but the truth turns out to be far more complicated than she could have imagined.
Author: Mary D. Davis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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