Author: Christopher Eric Pueblo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 185
Book Description
Metallic glasses are formed by cooling a liquid from high temperature to below the glass transition without crystallization. Due to their soft magnetic properties, high strength and elasticity, and superb corrosion resistance, metallic glasses are excellent candidate materials for technological and industrial applications. These desirable qualities ultimately arise from the atomic structure, so precise knowledge of how chemical and structural ordering influence the liquid's physical properties, such as density, viscosity, and specific heat, can improve the understanding of metallic glass formation. This dissertation presents results of structural and thermophysical property measurements conducted on metallic liquids and glasses, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), electrostatic levitation (ESL), and electromagnetic levitation (EML) techniques. The kinetic properties of glasses and liquids are often characterized by their fragility, which is generally defined from the temperature dependence of the viscosity. A study of fragility in both the low-temperature glass and the high-temperature liquid finds that the activation energy for crystallization correlates with the liquid's viscosity behavior, and hence with fragility. A survey of a broad range of thermophysical properties and their relationship to glass-forming ability (GFA) is conducted, and finds that densely packed, highly viscous liquids tend to more easily form glasses. The nature of the repulsive component of the liquid's interatomic pair potential, as determined from high-energy synchrotron X-ray scattering, is found to also directly correlate with fragility, providing a clear connection between the liquid's structure and dynamics. The temperature, TA, which corresponds to the onset of cooperative dynamical processes, is proposed as a more appropriate scaling temperature than the glass transition temperature, Tg. Viscosity, specific heat, and nucleation measurements, performed using EML techniques in microgravity aboard parabolic flights and the International Space Station (ISS), are compared with terrestrial-based ESL measurements to assess the influence of gravity on the physical properties of the liquid and on the nucleation step in crystallization. A specific heat signature consistent with the onset of cooperativity is observed at TA, further supporting the claim that it corresponds to a fundamental crossover in the liquid.
Ground and Flight Based Studies of Nucleation and Thermophysical Properties in Metallic Glass Forming Systems
Author: Christopher Eric Pueblo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 185
Book Description
Metallic glasses are formed by cooling a liquid from high temperature to below the glass transition without crystallization. Due to their soft magnetic properties, high strength and elasticity, and superb corrosion resistance, metallic glasses are excellent candidate materials for technological and industrial applications. These desirable qualities ultimately arise from the atomic structure, so precise knowledge of how chemical and structural ordering influence the liquid's physical properties, such as density, viscosity, and specific heat, can improve the understanding of metallic glass formation. This dissertation presents results of structural and thermophysical property measurements conducted on metallic liquids and glasses, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), electrostatic levitation (ESL), and electromagnetic levitation (EML) techniques. The kinetic properties of glasses and liquids are often characterized by their fragility, which is generally defined from the temperature dependence of the viscosity. A study of fragility in both the low-temperature glass and the high-temperature liquid finds that the activation energy for crystallization correlates with the liquid's viscosity behavior, and hence with fragility. A survey of a broad range of thermophysical properties and their relationship to glass-forming ability (GFA) is conducted, and finds that densely packed, highly viscous liquids tend to more easily form glasses. The nature of the repulsive component of the liquid's interatomic pair potential, as determined from high-energy synchrotron X-ray scattering, is found to also directly correlate with fragility, providing a clear connection between the liquid's structure and dynamics. The temperature, TA, which corresponds to the onset of cooperative dynamical processes, is proposed as a more appropriate scaling temperature than the glass transition temperature, Tg. Viscosity, specific heat, and nucleation measurements, performed using EML techniques in microgravity aboard parabolic flights and the International Space Station (ISS), are compared with terrestrial-based ESL measurements to assess the influence of gravity on the physical properties of the liquid and on the nucleation step in crystallization. A specific heat signature consistent with the onset of cooperativity is observed at TA, further supporting the claim that it corresponds to a fundamental crossover in the liquid.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 185
Book Description
Metallic glasses are formed by cooling a liquid from high temperature to below the glass transition without crystallization. Due to their soft magnetic properties, high strength and elasticity, and superb corrosion resistance, metallic glasses are excellent candidate materials for technological and industrial applications. These desirable qualities ultimately arise from the atomic structure, so precise knowledge of how chemical and structural ordering influence the liquid's physical properties, such as density, viscosity, and specific heat, can improve the understanding of metallic glass formation. This dissertation presents results of structural and thermophysical property measurements conducted on metallic liquids and glasses, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), electrostatic levitation (ESL), and electromagnetic levitation (EML) techniques. The kinetic properties of glasses and liquids are often characterized by their fragility, which is generally defined from the temperature dependence of the viscosity. A study of fragility in both the low-temperature glass and the high-temperature liquid finds that the activation energy for crystallization correlates with the liquid's viscosity behavior, and hence with fragility. A survey of a broad range of thermophysical properties and their relationship to glass-forming ability (GFA) is conducted, and finds that densely packed, highly viscous liquids tend to more easily form glasses. The nature of the repulsive component of the liquid's interatomic pair potential, as determined from high-energy synchrotron X-ray scattering, is found to also directly correlate with fragility, providing a clear connection between the liquid's structure and dynamics. The temperature, TA, which corresponds to the onset of cooperative dynamical processes, is proposed as a more appropriate scaling temperature than the glass transition temperature, Tg. Viscosity, specific heat, and nucleation measurements, performed using EML techniques in microgravity aboard parabolic flights and the International Space Station (ISS), are compared with terrestrial-based ESL measurements to assess the influence of gravity on the physical properties of the liquid and on the nucleation step in crystallization. A specific heat signature consistent with the onset of cooperativity is observed at TA, further supporting the claim that it corresponds to a fundamental crossover in the liquid.
NASA Technical Memorandum
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 260
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 260
Book Description
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Book Description
39th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 682
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 682
Book Description
Microgravity Science and Applications
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Reduced gravity environments
Languages : en
Pages : 594
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Reduced gravity environments
Languages : en
Pages : 594
Book Description
Cities and Their Vital Systems
Author: Advisory Committee on Technology and Society
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309037860
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1298
Book Description
Cities and Their Vital Systems asks basic questions about the longevity, utility, and nature of urban infrastructures; analyzes how they grow, interact, and change; and asks how, when, and at what cost they should be replaced. Among the topics discussed are problems arising from increasing air travel and airport congestion; the adequacy of water supplies and waste treatment; the impact of new technologies on construction; urban real estate values; and the field of "telematics," the combination of computers and telecommunications that makes money machines and national newspapers possible.
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309037860
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1298
Book Description
Cities and Their Vital Systems asks basic questions about the longevity, utility, and nature of urban infrastructures; analyzes how they grow, interact, and change; and asks how, when, and at what cost they should be replaced. Among the topics discussed are problems arising from increasing air travel and airport congestion; the adequacy of water supplies and waste treatment; the impact of new technologies on construction; urban real estate values; and the field of "telematics," the combination of computers and telecommunications that makes money machines and national newspapers possible.
Research and Technology Objectives and Plans Summary (RTOPS)
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Material Sciences
Author: Grant Henderson
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 161451786X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 820
Book Description
Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Material Science covers significant advances in the technological aspects and applications of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques used in the Earth and Materials Sciences. The current volume compliments the now classic Volume 18, Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Geology, which became an essential resource to many scientists and educators for the past two decades. This volume updates techniques covered in Volume 18, and introduces new techniques available for probing the secrets of Earth materials, such as X-ray Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy. Other important topics including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) are also covered.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 161451786X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 820
Book Description
Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Material Science covers significant advances in the technological aspects and applications of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques used in the Earth and Materials Sciences. The current volume compliments the now classic Volume 18, Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Geology, which became an essential resource to many scientists and educators for the past two decades. This volume updates techniques covered in Volume 18, and introduces new techniques available for probing the secrets of Earth materials, such as X-ray Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy. Other important topics including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) are also covered.
Physics Briefs
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 1118
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 1118
Book Description
87-0350-87-0399
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 632
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 632
Book Description