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Author: Mark Zachary Taylor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Are decentralized states better at technological innovation than centralized states? Economic and political theorists, from Hayek to Mokyr, suggest that government decentralization offer advantages for innovators. Decentralized governments are widely seen as agile, competitive, and well structured to adapt to innovation's gale of creative destruction. Meanwhile, centralized states, even when democratic, are subject to capture by status-quo interest groups which use their influence to promote policies which ultimately restrict long-run technological change. Therefore decentralized government is increasingly perceived as a necessary institutional foundation for fostering long-run technological innovation. I test this theory using data on international patent activity, scientific publications, and high-technology exports.
Author: Mark Zachary Taylor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Are decentralized states better at technological innovation than centralized states? Economic and political theorists, from Hayek to Mokyr, suggest that government decentralization offer advantages for innovators. Decentralized governments are widely seen as agile, competitive, and well structured to adapt to innovation's gale of creative destruction. Meanwhile, centralized states, even when democratic, are subject to capture by status-quo interest groups which use their influence to promote policies which ultimately restrict long-run technological change. Therefore decentralized government is increasingly perceived as a necessary institutional foundation for fostering long-run technological innovation. I test this theory using data on international patent activity, scientific publications, and high-technology exports.
Author: W. Kingston
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400960719
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
Innovation is the turning of ideas into concrete realities. To the extent that this process is an economic one, it must also be subject to political decisions, and these determine which ideas are to have resources made available for their in novation. This book attempts to trace the relationship between ideas, resources and politics. Chapter I deals with the way economic innovation depends both upon markets and upon interference with markets. Schumpeter taught us how market power is essential for innovation. This chapter stresses that the inverse is also true: Innovation can take place wherever there is market power. A most important corollary of this, is that failure to develop any particular type of market power, need not prevent innovation from happening. It will then take place under the protection of whatever market power there is, and it will be geographically located wherever that market power is effective. Chapter II identifies and seeks to fill a major gap in the literature on innova tion, by showing how important modern marketing has become for providing the conditions under which money may be rationally invested at high risk to get new things done. Marketing monopoly, or Persuasive market power, is now at least as important as the market power of Capability, or as the several types of Specific market power, in interference with market forces. It is therefore equally important for innovation.
Author: Fred L. Block
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317251431
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
The worst economic crisis since the Great Depression has generated a fundamental re-evaluation of the free-market policies that have dominated American politics for three decades. State of Innovation brings together critical essays looking at the 'innovation industry' in the context of the current crisis. The book shows how government programs and policies have underpinned technological innovation in the US economy over the last four decades, despite the strength of 'free market' political rhetoric. The contributors provide new insights into where innovations come from and how governments can support a dynamic innovation economy as the US recovers from a profound economic crisis. State of Innovation outlines a 21st century policy paradigm that will foster cutting-edge innovation which remains accountable to the public.
Author: Christopher Farrands
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134765622
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
The first volume in a major new series, this book will be an essential read for all those who need to deal with the causes and consequences of rapid technological change in an increasingly globalized world, whether they be government policy-makers, managers of multi-national corporations, commentators on the international scene or specialists in and students of international politics, economics and business studies. The authors discuss three related areas: * How do we think about technology and international relations/international political economy? How does technology relate to competitiveness? How does it inlfuence our culture and how is it influenced by it? * In what sense is technology a fundamental component of national competitive advantage and what ought national, local and corporate policy to be in the light of this? * What is the relationship between technological innovation and global political and economic change? Technology is discussed not just in an instrumental sense - as a tool of power and an object of policy - but equally in a transcendental sense - as a key to shaping and structuring how we understand and interpret reality. The final section of the book presents case studies of three core sectors of the world political economy, finance , aviation and automobiles.
Author: Michael J Andrews
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022681078X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 633
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Book Description
"Innovation and entrepreneurship are ubiquitous today, both as fields of study and as starting points for conversations among experts in government and economic development. But while these areas on continue to attract public and private investments, many measurements of their resulting economic growth-including productivity growth and business dynamism-have remained modest. Why this difference? Because not all business sectors are the same, and the transformative gains of some industries have been offset by stagnation or contraction in others. Accordingly, a nuanced understanding of the economy requires a nuanced understanding of where innovation and entrepreneurship occur and where they matter. Answering these questions allows for strategic public investment and the infrastructure for economic growth.The Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth, the latest entry in the NBER conference series, seeks to codify these answers. The editors leverage industry studies to identify specific examples of productivity improvements enabled by innovation and entrepreneurship, including those from new production technologies, increased competition, new organizational forms, and other means. Taken together, the volume illuminates whether the contribution of innovation and entrepreneurship to economic growth is likely to be concentrated, be it selected sectors or more broadly"--
Author: Ben R. Martin
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 744
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Book Description
A collection of papers by leading scholars on the role of scientific and technological innovation in modern industry. Topics covered include the historical roots of the subject, the function of science in technological innovation and economic growth, and the climate for innovation in industry.
Author: Charles A. Cooper
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 0714629995
Category : Developing countries
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
Monograph comprising a compilation of articles on the role of science and technology in the economic development of developing countries - includes articles on the social determinants of science policy, engineering consultants and technology transfer, the function of patents, agricultural development, choice of technology, sources of technical Innovation in China, etc., and emphasizes the role of research and development. Diagrams, references and statistical tables.
Author: Yutao Sun
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108846491
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 263
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Book Description
There are a variety of reasons underlying the remarkable development of science and technology (S&T), and innovation in post-1978 China. This book seeks to achieve an understanding of such development from an institutional or a political economy perspective. Departing from the literature of S&T and innovation studies that treats innovation as a market or enterprise's behavior in Schumpeter's sense, Sun and Cao argue that it involves politics, institutions, and the role of the state. In particular, they examine how the Chinese state has played its visible role in making innovation policies, allocating funding for R&D programs, making efforts to attract talent, and organizing critical S&T programs. This book appeals to scholars in S&T and innovation policy, political economy, innovation governance, and China studies as well as policymakers and business executives.
Author: Fred L. Block
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Provides an account of the depth, magnitude, and structure of the U.S. government's role in the innovation economy. A cross-disciplinary group of authors collectively document, theorize, and evaluate the decentralized set of agencies, programs, and policies at the core of the collaborative linkages between public agencies and the private industries at the forefront of the U.S. economy. The authors address issues critical to the construction of newly responsible, forward-looking public policies: how can we forge an innovation policy that is at once flexible, effective and efficient, as well as transparent and accountable? They provide insights into "where innovations come from" and what government policies support a dynamic innovation economy. They show how government programs and policies have underpinned technological innovation in the U.S. economy over the last four decades, despite the strength of "free market" political rhetoric. They explore the strengths and weaknesses of different policies and strategies for strengthening the innovative dynamics that support economic growth and competitiveness, offering a vision for designing technology policies to fit a 21st century economy. From publisher description.
Author: D. Roessner
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 134908882X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 207
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Book Description
