Geographic Information System for Long Island: An Epidemiologic Systems Approach to Identify Environmental Breast Cancer Risks on Long Island. Phase 1 PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Charles Greene Cumston
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 71
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The objective of this postdoctoral training research is an integration of GIS and a spatio-temporal perspective into breast cancer research of the relationship between environmental exposures and breast cancer risk. We have completed collection of historic traffic information, and updating of the lifetime residential histories for our dataset for the breast cancer cases and controls. I have also been involved in analysis and writing of a classic epidemiologic research paper and have participated in several workshops as a part of epidemiology training. The development of a theoretical framework measuring similarity and difference of individual's lifetime residential history was completed, and a GIS-based traffic model was established. These data and epidemiologic evidence were used for further analyses, based on the models of geospatial lifeline for the estimation of lifetime residential exposures to PAHs and breast cancer risk. Findings from these studies indicate that environmental exposures in early life may be associated with breast cancer risk. Since we found evidence of association between PAHs exposures in relation to breast cancer risk, especially PAH exposures during sensitive time periods in early life, we strongly believe that models of geospatial lifeline can be effectively used for the estimation of lifetime residential exposures to PAHs and breast cancer risk.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works
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Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 924
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309255716
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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In the late 1980s, the National Cancer Institute initiated an investigation of cancer risks in populations near 52 commercial nuclear power plants and 10 Department of Energy nuclear facilities (including research and nuclear weapons production facilities and one reprocessing plant) in the United States. The results of the NCI investigation were used a primary resource for communicating with the public about the cancer risks near the nuclear facilities. However, this study is now over 20 years old. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the National Academy of Sciences provide an updated assessment of cancer risks in populations near USNRC-licensed nuclear facilities that utilize or process uranium for the production of electricity. Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 1 focuses on identifying scientifically sound approaches for carrying out an assessment of cancer risks associated with living near a nuclear facility, judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of various statistical power, ability to assess potential confounding factors, possible biases, and required effort. The results from this Phase 1 study will be used to inform the design of cancer risk assessment, which will be carried out in Phase 2. This report is beneficial for the general public, communities near nuclear facilities, stakeholders, healthcare providers, policy makers, state and local officials, community leaders, and the media.
Author: Erin Sheila O'Leary
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 602
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Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 730
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Author: Don De Savigny
Publisher: IDRC
ISBN: 0889367663
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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GIS for Health and the Environment
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309377722
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 473
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Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.
