Genomic Selection for Seed Oil Concentration in Bi-parental Soybean Populations Derived from Parents Carrying the DP-305423-1 Transgene for High Oleic Acid in the Seed PDF Download
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Author: Joel Hemingway
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) oil is an economically important commodity worldwide with many uses. High levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids cause oxidative instability of the oil; however, the DP-3054231-1 transgene confers elevated oleic acid concentrations resulting in oil with increased oxidative stability. The first objective of this thesis was to study the effects of the DP-305423-1 transgene on agronomic and seed traits across multiple genetic backgrounds and environments. An equal number of high oleic (HO) and normal oleic (NO) BC1F4:F6 progeny from four unique populations were grown at four locations in Southern Ontario and two in Northern Iowa. Overall, the difference in mean yield between the HO and NO progeny varied across populations and locations and the HO progeny consistently had lower mean oil concentration and greater mean protein concentration. Differences in 100-seed weight were not consistent across populations or locations. Genomic selection (GS) has been shown to be a valuable tool for performing selection on complex quantitative traits, such as seed oil concentration in soybean. The second objective of the thesis was to evaluate multiple GS models for seed oil concentration using a low-density marker panel in bi-parental, high oleic soybean populations and compare prediction accuracies of six unique training populations (TPs). Prediction accuracy was calculated as the Pearson correlation coefficient between the predicted value of an individual and the 'true' phenotypic value, as determined through multi location field testing. Genomic best linear unbiased predictor (GBLUP) produced the greatest predictability across all populations and training sets, compared to BayesA and BayesB, which had similar predictive ability across populations. Generally, TPs consisting of more individuals had greater predictability; however, variations were observed across populations and models. TPs consisting of individuals from a single location had greater predictability of all genotypes than training populations of equal size comprised of individuals from both locations, indicating potential influence of marker x environment effects across training environments. These results show that genomic selection using a low marker density can be a valuable tool for increasing oil concentration in biparental high oleic, low linolenic soybeans populations.
Author: Joel Hemingway
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) oil is an economically important commodity worldwide with many uses. High levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids cause oxidative instability of the oil; however, the DP-3054231-1 transgene confers elevated oleic acid concentrations resulting in oil with increased oxidative stability. The first objective of this thesis was to study the effects of the DP-305423-1 transgene on agronomic and seed traits across multiple genetic backgrounds and environments. An equal number of high oleic (HO) and normal oleic (NO) BC1F4:F6 progeny from four unique populations were grown at four locations in Southern Ontario and two in Northern Iowa. Overall, the difference in mean yield between the HO and NO progeny varied across populations and locations and the HO progeny consistently had lower mean oil concentration and greater mean protein concentration. Differences in 100-seed weight were not consistent across populations or locations. Genomic selection (GS) has been shown to be a valuable tool for performing selection on complex quantitative traits, such as seed oil concentration in soybean. The second objective of the thesis was to evaluate multiple GS models for seed oil concentration using a low-density marker panel in bi-parental, high oleic soybean populations and compare prediction accuracies of six unique training populations (TPs). Prediction accuracy was calculated as the Pearson correlation coefficient between the predicted value of an individual and the 'true' phenotypic value, as determined through multi location field testing. Genomic best linear unbiased predictor (GBLUP) produced the greatest predictability across all populations and training sets, compared to BayesA and BayesB, which had similar predictive ability across populations. Generally, TPs consisting of more individuals had greater predictability; however, variations were observed across populations and models. TPs consisting of individuals from a single location had greater predictability of all genotypes than training populations of equal size comprised of individuals from both locations, indicating potential influence of marker x environment effects across training environments. These results show that genomic selection using a low marker density can be a valuable tool for increasing oil concentration in biparental high oleic, low linolenic soybeans populations.
Author: Joseph Jedlicka
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321298949
Category : Soybean
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds are comprised of oils, proteins, and carbohydrates. The oil biosynthesis and storage pathways are complex and involve the cytoplasm, which is inherited maternally in soybean. Two pairs of populations were developed to characterize the high-oil phenotype. The first pair was created from a mating between each of two high-oil lines and Williams 82, and the second pair of populations was created by mating high-oil lines with high-oil lines. The objectives were to (1) determine if cytoplasmic effects were detectable for seed oil concentration, (2) evaluate estimates for heritability and genotypic and phenotypic correlations for seed oil, protein, oil+protein concentration, yield, and 100-seed weight, (3) characterize genotype x environment interactions for seed oil concentration, (4) perform QTL analyses for seed oil, protein, oil+protein concentration, yield, and 100-seed weight, and (5) perform a candidate gene analysis in QTL regions to identify putative genes responsible for oil biosynthesis and storage. The results indicated evidence for significant cytoplasmic effects for total oil concentration. The correlations between seed oil and protein concentrations were consistent with other studies, as were heritability estimates for all traits. Results for all four populations showed significant genotype x environment interactions for seed oil concentration, and stability analyses identified individuals that represent Type 1 or Type 2 stability. The QTL analyses indicated that the two high-oil lines that were crossed with Williams 82 had different sets of alleles responsible for increasing oil. The analyses also indicated that the two high-oil line x high-oil line cross populations had different sets of alleles responsible for oil concentration. All parents contributed alleles for increasing progeny oil, protein, oil+protein concentration, and yield. All but one parent contributed alleles for increasing 100-seed weight. One genomic region was identified that was associated with all traits. Candidate genes were identified that may be causative genes for the oil QTL, which include genes with Arabidopsis thaliana homologs for DGAT enzymes.
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Languages : en
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BACHLAVA, ELENI. Genetic Control of High Oleic Acid Seed Content in Soybean. (Under the direction of Andrea J. Cardinal and Ralph E. Dewey) The increase of oleic acid concentration in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil improves its nutritional value and oxidative stability; therefore, the incorporation of the high oleate trait in soybean germplasm is required for the commercial success of soybean oil. Little is known, however, about the response to selection for higher oleate content, which is dependent on its heritability in breeding populations, and the correlated responses of other fatty acids and agronomic traits to selection for oleate content, which depends on their genetic correlations with oleate. Furthermore, the lack of knowledge on the genetic factors underlying oleate variation in soybean oilseeds hampers the use of marker assisted selection for high oleate content in soybean breeding programs. The results of this study suggested that oleate heritability was sufficiently high that early generation selection can be effective when practiced on unreplicated lines grown at a single environment. Moreover, this study indicated that selection for higher oleate will result in lower linoleate, linolenate and palmitate content in soybean oil. Also, the significant negative correlation between oleate content and yield implied that the development of high oleate germplasm may be hindered by lower yields. The isoforms of FAD2 gene, which catalyze the desaturation of oleate to linoleate during fatty acid biosynthesis, were mapped in order to investigate their cosegregation with the oleate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) identified. FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B mapped on linkage groups O and I, respectively, while the closely linked FAD2-2A and FAD2-2B isoforms mapped on linkage group L of soybean genome. An oleate QTL with moderate effects was reported in the proximity of FAD2-1B on linkage group I. Also, an oleate QTL with moderate effects was detected on linkage group F, wh.
Author: Samantha J. McConaughy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soybean
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are processed for their high-quality vegetable oil and protein meal for feed, food, and industrial applications but, because of the high negative correlations between seed protein and oil concentration, it has been difficult to develop soybean lines with concomitant increases in both protein and oil. Previous studies considered only seed protein or oil concentration. This study is unique in that populations were developed using parental lines that differed in their protein, oil, and total carbohydrate concentrations in the mature seed. Two soybean populations were developed using soybean accession PI 547827 with lower total sugars as a common parent, crossed to two different soybean lines with modified protein and oil concentrations. The objectives were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to seed protein, oil, and carbohydrate concentration as well as for individual sugars sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose. For each of the two crosses, F4-derived recombinant inbred lines (RIL) were developed through single seed descent resulting in 526 and 404 RILs, respectively. Genotypes were determined for F4 plants by genotyping-by-sequence (GbS), resulting in 1,650 to 2,850 polymorphic SNPs used for QTL analyses. Populations were grown in an augmented design in two Nebraska and one Puerto Rico environment to evaluate seed composition, yield, and maturity. The QTL analyses identified 23 novel QTL across all seed composition traits, protein, oil, sum(p+o) or carbohydrate concentration, and each of the sugars on 17 different linkage groups. Ninety nine percent of the lines in the high protein cross, and 100% of the lines in the high oil cross exceeded processor targets of 11 pounds of oil per bushel and a soybean meal with greater than 47.5% protein. Correlations between yield and the sum(p+o) were either zero or slightly positive, indicating that it should be possible to identify high-yielding lines with increased seed protein and oil concentration. Populations like these, and the QTL identified here, will be useful in achieving those objectives to provide more value for both the processor and producer.
Author: Kristin Bilyeu
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439844666
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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The soybean is an economically important leguminous seed crop for feed and food products that is rich in seed protein (about 40 percent) and oil (about 20 percent); it enriches the soil by fixing nitrogen in symbiosis with bacteria. Soybean was domesticated in northeastern China about 2500 BC and subsequently spread to other countries. The enormous
Author: Thang Cao La
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Soybeans with seed oil high in oleic acid content have been developed and are desired by oil processors because of improved oxidative stability for broader use in food, fuel and other products. Conventional soybean lines with 80% oleic acid content were generated by combining two mutant genes, mutant S117N FAD2-1A allele from 17D and mutant P137R FAD2-1B allele from PI283327. Thirty five F4:7 high oleic lines with these mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B genes were compared to thirty five F4:7 normal or wild type oleic acid lines for seed contents of the five fatty acids common to soybean, total oil content, total protein content, and seed yield from five crosses grown in six environments. The high oleic genotypes averaged >75% oleic acid content and concentrations of palmitic and linolenic acids were significantly lower (30% lower) than their normal oleic acid counterparts in each environment. When averaged across all locations and populations, seed yield of the high oleic lines were within 2% of the normal oleic lines. Because of the negative correlation of protein with oil content and seed yield shown in many other studies, it was surprising that these high oleic lines averaged significantly higher in protein and oil with similar yield compared to normal oleic lines. These results provided evidence that high oleic soybeans can have comparable yields with the potential to generate more oil with greater functionality and higher protein meal for improved feed and food value compared to soybeans with normal oleic acid content from the same cross.
Author: Moulay Abdelmajid Kassem
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030829065
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 638
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Book Description
Soybean Seed Composition covers three decades of advances in quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of seed protein, oil, fatty acids, amino acids, sugars, mineral nutrients, isoflavones, lunasin, and other beneficial compounds. It opens with coverage of seed protein, oil, fatty acids, and amino acids and the effects that genetic and environmental factors have on them. Detailed discussion of QTL that control seed protein, oil, and fatty acids follows, and the book also covers seed amino acids, macronutrients, micronutrients, sugars, and other compounds that are key to selection for crop improvement. The book also provides an overview of two decades of QTL mapping of mineral deficiencies in soybean, which sheds light on the importance of a balanced mineral nutrition in soybean and other crops, elucidates salt stress tolerance QTL mapping, which is another challenge that faces soybean and other crop production worldwide. The importance of soybean seed isoflavones from their biosynthesis and quantification methods to locations and variations in seeds, roots, and leaves, to their QTL mapping is discussed, as well as providing key information on lunasin, a bioactive anticancer peptide in soybean seeds that will help farmers and breeders to develop soybean cultivars with improved seed isoflavones and lunasin content. The book will be of interest to graduate students, academics, and researchers in the fields of genetic and QTL mapping of important agronomic traits in soybean and other crops.
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Languages : en
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ABSTRACT GILSINGER, JESSE JOHN. Reciprocal Effects and Selection for Altered Fatty Acid Composition of Soybean Oil. (Under the direction of JOSEPH W. BURTON) This study focused on increased oleic acid content of soybean oil and consisted of three objectives: (1) to study maternal effects for fatty acid composition, (2) to study reciprocal effects for heritability and stability of increased oleic acid content, and (3) to examine how other traits are affected by selection for increased oleic acid content. Maternal effects were evaluated in 2005, 2006, and 2007 by analyzing reciprocal F1 seed resulting from crosses between the mid-oleic line N98-4445A and Dare, Haberlandt, Ogden, Arksoy, Midwest, and Peking. Reciprocal F1 seeds from a cross between the increased palmitic line N02-4441 and Dare were grown in vitro. The results showed that maternal effects for fatty acid composition were significant across a wide range of genetic materials and environments. Maternal effects for the F1 seed dissipated while differences between parents were maintained when grown in vitro. Reciprocal effects for heritability and stability were examined in twelve F2 derived populations over two years developed from reciprocal crosses between N98-4445A and Arksoy, Dare, Haberlandt, Midwest, Ogden, and Peking. Significant differences in heritability and stability between reciprocal populations were observed, suggesting it may be advantageous to make reciprocal crosses when developing populations for altered fatty acid selection in soybeans. To investigate selection for increased oleic acid content, two populations consisting of approximately 60 F4:6 lines were generated by crossing N98-4445A with the cultivars Dare and Tracy and planted as replicated trials at two North Carolina locations in 2006. Fatty acid composition, height, lodging, seed size, seed quality, yield, and maturity were measured for each plot. Plants were also genotyped with SSR markers. An increase in oleic acid was correlat.
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Author: Ravi V. Mural
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781392412466
Category : Soybean
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Soybean is mainly cultivated for its oil and high quality protein meal for feed, fuel and food uses. Achieving an improved balance of protein and oil in the seed, along with yield will enhance crop value. In practice, this has been difficult to achieve due to significant negative correlations of oil and protein, and the mostly negative relationship reported between seed protein concentration and yield. Most previous studies have focused on increasing seed oil concentration (SOC) or seed protein concentration (SPC) individually, and a few focused on decreasing raffinosacharides to improve digestibility and metabolizable energy of the feed for monogastric animals. None of the studies to date have considered improving the balance of SOC and SPC by also considering variation in total soluble sugars, which comprise the third largest component in soybean seed. Three related bi-parental recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were developed by crossing two plant introduction lines that have lower total sugar concentration with two high-yielding soybean lines having higher SOC resulting in two pairs of half-sib populations. The objectives of this study were to identify genomic regions that influence oil, protein and carbohydrate concentrations in the seed in three uniquely structured bi-parental RIL populations using Molecular Inversion Probes (MIPs) markers, and evaluate relationships among seed composition traits and seed yield, seed weight and plant maturity from multiple environments. In total, 51 QTLs for seed, seed composition and plant traits were mapped on 17 chromosomes. All populations showed transgressive segregation for the sum of seed oil+protein concentration (SUM) in both directions but showed little transgressive segregation for SOC or SPC in two populations. There was a positive correlation of SOC and SPC with the SUM in two populations and a near to zero relationship of SUM with plot yield. Over the three populations, about 85% of the lines met processor targets of 10-12 pounds of oil per bushel and would produce 48% protein meal. The selected lines from this study could be further evaluated for yield and desirable agronomic traits in multi-location trials, which could lead to higher yielding soybean lines with improved seed composition. This work will ultimately lead to higher profitability for both the processors and farmers.
Author: Alaa A. Alaswad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Soybeans are among seeds the common plant foods that contains high protein contents and high oil. The protein provides about 35 to 38 percent of the seeds calories compared to around 20 to 30 percent in other legumes and many animal products. The quality of soy protein is notable and approaches the quality of meat and milk. Unlike many other good sources of protein, soybeans are low in saturated fat and are cholesterol-free. Its proteins provide all the important amino acids, most the amounts needed by humans (NSRL, 2010). As the most consumed vegetable oil in the world, soybean oil has been used substantially in the food industry (Soystats, 2010). Its utilization is determined by its fatty acid composition, with commodity soybean oil typically 13% palmatic acid (16:0), 4% stearic acid (18:0), 20% oleic acid (18:1), 55% linoleic acid (18:2), and 8% linolenic acid (18:3). The change of fatty acid profiles to improve soybean oil quality has been a long time goal of many researchers throughout the world. Biodiesel is an up and coming trend in energy production. Breeding effort can be undertaken in order to produce a higher energy profile soybean oil. Using ethyl-methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis effects on DNA, significant changes to the genes and gene network underlying the protein and oil profile can be achieved. These changes are hard to accomplish using standard breeding techniques. In addition, high amount of linolenic and stearic acid are very important for fuel and biodiesel production, but are not good for food production due to the fact that such oil is oxidized easily and the food goes rancid quickly. However, soybean oil with elevated amount of oleic acid is desirable for food, because this monounsaturated fatty acid improves the nutrition and oxidative stability of soybean oil compared to other oils. In order to improve the quality of soybean oil and processed foods, chemically mutagenized soybeans have been developed in this project. Seeds harvested from individual M3 and M4 plants (from 2 successive years 2012 and 2013) were analyzed for protein content, oil composition, and content. Moreover, seven phenotypic traits including oil analysis (stearic, palmitic, oleic, linolenic and linoleic), seed protein content, weight of the seeds (High yield), seeds color, stem length, germination rates, and branch architecture were collected and analyzed in this project of soybean `Forrest' mutagenized population. The result of this research showed that there were 25 significantly different lines (p
