Genomic Association Study of Ancestry-Matched African American Prostate Cancer Cases and Control PDF Download
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
African American men have the highest incidence and mortality from prostate cancer in the world. Multiple reasons have been postulated to explain these findings, although the definitive reasons for them are unknown. While both environmental and genetic factors may contribute to prostate cancer susceptibility, results from multiple studies consistently implicate a strong genetic component to this cancer. However, a specific gene that is consistently and reproducibly associated with prostate cancer risk in any population has not been identified. Association studies examining the frequency of common but specific genetic variants in study populations with and without a particular disease (i.e., case-control) is a powerful way to detect the influence of common genetic variants capable of affecting disease risk. While these types of studies are powerful, they are not without limitations, including the tendency to be confounded due to population stratification (a critical issue in admixed populations like African Americans), and the requirement for large, well-matched, and well-characterized study populations. While there has been extensive use of case control studies to identify genetic risk variants in Caucasian populations, corresponding studies in the African American prostate cancer population have been less extensive, typically being much smaller than their Caucasian counterparts, with little or no effort to address the critical issue of population stratification as a confounder. It is now quite clear that unless cases are well matched to controls in terms of genetic heterogeneity in such studies, spurious associations will and undoubtedly have been observed and reported. In this study, the author uses Ancestry Informative Markers (AIM) to match African American prostate cancer cases and controls for the purposes of performing association studies without confounding by population stratification.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
Get Book Here
Book Description
African American men have the highest incidence and mortality from prostate cancer in the world. Multiple reasons have been postulated to explain these findings, although the definitive reasons for them are unknown. While both environmental and genetic factors may contribute to prostate cancer susceptibility, results from multiple studies consistently implicate a strong genetic component to this cancer. However, a specific gene that is consistently and reproducibly associated with prostate cancer risk in any population has not been identified. Association studies examining the frequency of common but specific genetic variants in study populations with and without a particular disease (i.e., case-control) is a powerful way to detect the influence of common genetic variants capable of affecting disease risk. While these types of studies are powerful, they are not without limitations, including the tendency to be confounded due to population stratification (a critical issue in admixed populations like African Americans), and the requirement for large, well-matched, and well-characterized study populations. While there has been extensive use of case control studies to identify genetic risk variants in Caucasian populations, corresponding studies in the African American prostate cancer population have been less extensive, typically being much smaller than their Caucasian counterparts, with little or no effort to address the critical issue of population stratification as a confounder. It is now quite clear that unless cases are well matched to controls in terms of genetic heterogeneity in such studies, spurious associations will and undoubtedly have been observed and reported. In this study, the author uses Ancestry Informative Markers (AIM) to match African American prostate cancer cases and controls for the purposes of performing association studies without confounding by population stratification.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
African American men have the highest incidence and mortality from prostate cancer in the world. Multiple reasons have been postulated to explain these findings although the definitive reasons for this are unknown. While both environmental and genetic factors may contribute to prostate cancer susceptibility, results from multiple studies consistently implicate a strong genetic component of this cancer. However, a specific gene which is consistently and reproducibly associated with prostate cancer risk in any population has not been identified. Association studies examining the frequency of common but specific genetic variants in study populations with and without a particular disease (i.e. case-control) is a powerful way to detect the influence of common genetic variants capable of affecting disease risk. While these types of studies are powerful, they are not without limitations, including the tendency to be confounded due to population stratification (a critical issue in admixed populations like African American), and the requirement for large, well matched, and well characterized study populations. While there has been extensive use of case control studies to identify genetic risk variants in Caucasian populations, corresponding studies in the African American prostate cancer population have been less extensive, typically being much smaller than the Caucasian counterparts, with little or no efforts to address the critical issue of population stratification as a confounder. It is now quite clear that unless cases are well matched to controls in terms of genetic heterogeneity in such studies, spurious associations will and undoubtedly have been observed and reported. In this study we use Ancestry Informative Markers (AIM) to match African American prostate cancer cases and controls for the purposes of performing association studies without confounding by population stratification.
Author: National Institute Of Justice (Nij)
Publisher: BiblioGov
ISBN: 9781249920069
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) is the research, development and evaluation agency of the US Department of Justice. The NIJ is dedicated to improving knowledge and understanding of crime and justice issues through science. NIJ provides objective and independent knowledge and tools to reduce crime and promote justice, particularly at the state and local levels. Each year, the NIJ publishes and sponsors dozens of research and study documents detailing results, analyses and statistics that help to further the organization's mission. These documents relate to topics like biometrics, corrections technology, gun violence, digital forensics, human trafficking, electronic crime, terrorism, tribal justice and more. This document is one of these publications.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 956
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Book Description
Author: Yuichi Takiguchi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811020027
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
This book discusses the latest molecular targeted therapy of lung cancer including its evaluation and future directions. It clearly illustrates the initial dramatic effectiveness of molecular targeted therapy, recurrence of the disease, overcoming the wide variety of resistance mechanisms using new-generation molecular targeted agents and potential novel approaches. It also outlines the increasing necessity for new diagnostic technology and strategies for managing different adverse effects and novel methods for evaluating effectiveness and safety. Edited and authored by opinion leaders, Molecular Targeted Therapy of Lung Cancer provides a comprehensive overview of the disease and its treatments. It is a valuable resource for graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and faculty staff, as well as researchers involved in clinical and translational research on lung cancer, helping promote new ideas for further advances.
Author: Amelie G. Ramirez
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303029286X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
This open access book gives an overview of the sessions, panel discussions, and outcomes of the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference, held in February 2018 in San Antonio, Texas, USA, and hosted by the Mays Cancer Center and the Institute for Health Promotion Research at UT Health San Antonio. Latinos – the largest, youngest, and fastest-growing minority group in the United States – are expected to face a 142% rise in cancer cases in coming years. Although there has been substantial advancement in cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment over the past few decades, addressing Latino cancer health disparities has not nearly kept pace with progress. The diverse and dynamic group of speakers and panelists brought together at the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference provided in-depth insights as well as progress and actionable goals for Latino-focused basic science research, clinical best practices, community interventions, and what can be done by way of prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in Latinos. These insights have been translated into the chapters included in this compendium; the chapters summarize the presentations and include current knowledge in the specific topic areas, identified gaps, and top priority areas for future cancer research in Latinos. Topics included among the chapters: Colorectal cancer disparities in Latinos: Genes vs. Environment Breast cancer risk and mortality in women of Latin American origin Differential cancer risk in Latinos: The role of diet Overcoming barriers for Latinos on cancer clinical trials Es tiempo: Engaging Latinas in cervical cancer research Emerging policies in U.S. health care Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos proves to be an indispensable resource offering key insights into actionable targets for basic science research, suggestions for clinical best practices and community interventions, and novel strategies and advocacy opportunities to reduce health disparities in Latino communities. It will find an engaged audience among researchers, academics, physicians and other healthcare professionals, patient advocates, students, and others with an interest in the broad field of Latino cancer.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 608
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Book Description
Author: Manfred Wirth
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110807270
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
Author: Muin J. Khoury
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195398440
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 701
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Book Description
The first edition of Human Genome Epidemiology, published in 2004, discussed how the epidemiologic approach provides an important scientific foundation for studying the continuum from gene discovery to the development, applications and evaluation of human genome information in improving health and preventing disease. Since that time, advances in human genomics have continued to occur at a breathtaking pace.With contributions from leaders in the field from around the world, this new edition is a fully updated look at the ways in which genetic factors in common diseases are studied. Methodologic developments in collection, analysis and synthesis of data, as well as issues surrounding specific applications of human genomic information for medicine and public health are all discussed. In addition, the book focuses on practical applications of human genome variation in clinical practice and disease prevention. Students, clinicians, public health professionals and policy makers will find the book a useful tool for understanding the rapidly evolving methods of the discovery and use of genetic information in medicine and public health in the 21st century.
Author: Ebomoyi, E. William
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1466685603
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 480
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Book Description
In 2003, the secrets of the human genome were cracked open, creating a flurry of anticipation (and more than a little commercial buzz) about the role that genetic modification would play in years to come. This burgeoning field stands poised to redefine old paradigms and reshape industries such as medicine, agriculture, pharmacology, and biotechnology. Public Health Genomics and International Wealth Creation seeks to explore new opportunities and challenges in genomic commercialization by presenting a roadmap of current research, setting forth clear guidelines for how genomics can be wielded safely and ethically in a manner concordant with public welfare. Addressing problems such as chronic disease, world hunger, and global economic disparity, this book is an essential reference source for doctors, bioethicists, human genome specialists, and scientists in the fields of genetics and genomics. This authored monograph contains chapters on topics ranging from agronomics and biotechnology to commercial genomics, genome sequencing, cancer genomics, and more.
