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Author: Jean Bouvet
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782907193542
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 255
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Book Description
Author: Jean Bouvet
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782907193542
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 255
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Book Description
Author: David Neil Cooper
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780121878702
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Presents the principles of human gene evolution in a concise and easy to understand fashion. Uses examples of how evolutionary processes have molded present day genes, drawn from the evolution of humans and other primates, as well as from more primitive organisms. With increasing attention in this expanding area, this review forms a timely publication of our current knowledge of this important field. Structure and function in the human genome The evolution of gene structure Mutational mechanisms in evolution
Author: Peter J. Beurton
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521771870
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 405
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Book Description
Advances in molecular biological research in the latter half of the twentieth century have made the story of the gene vastly complicated: the more we learn about genes, the less sure we are of what a gene really is. Knowledge about the structure and functioning of genes abounds, but the gene has also become curiously intangible. This collection of essays renews the question: what are genes? Philosophers, historians and working scientists re-evaluate the question in this volume, treating the gene as a focal point of interdisciplinary and international research. It will be of interest to professionals and students in the philosophy and history of science, genetics and molecular biology.
Author: Claudine Petit
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782705658298
Category : Chemical evolution
Languages : fr
Pages : 277
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Book Description
Author: Sean B. Carroll
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118685202
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 475
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Book Description
In this landmark work, the author team led by Dr. Sean Carroll presents the general principles of the genetic basis of morphological change through a synthesis of evolutionary biology with genetics and embryology. In this extensively revised second edition, the authors delve into the latest discoveries, incorporating new coverage of comparative genomics, molecular evolution of regulatory proteins and elements, and microevolution of animal development. An accessible text, focusing on the most well-known genes, developmental processes and taxa. Builds logically from developmental genetics and regulatory mechanisms to evolution at different genetic morphological levels. Adds major insights from recent genome studies, new evo-devo biology research findings, and a new chapter on models of variation and divergence among closely related species. Provides in-depth focus on key concepts through well-developed case studies. Features clear, 4-color illustrations and photographs, chapter summaries, references and a glossary. Presents the research of Dr. Carroll, a pioneer in the field and the past president of the Society for Developmental Biology.
Author: John H. Gillespie
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195357744
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
This work provides a unified theory that addresses the important problem of the origin and maintenance of genetic variation in natural populations. With modern molecular techniques, variation is found in all species, sometimes at astonishingly high levels. Yet, despite these observations, the forces that maintain variation within and between species have been difficult subjects of study. Because they act very weakly and operate over vast time scales, scientists must rely on indirect inferences and speculative mathematical models. However, despite these obstacles, many advances have been made. The author's research in molecular genetics, evolution, and bio-mathematics has enabled him to draw on this work, and present a coherent and valuable view of the field. The book is divided into three parts. The first consists of three chapters on protein evolution, DNA evolution, and molecular mechanisms. This section reviews the experimental observations on genetic variation. The second part gives a unified treatment of the mathematical theory of selection in a fluctuating environment. The final two chapters combine the earlier assessments in a treatment of the scientific status of two competing theories for the maintenance of genetic variation. Steeped in the enormous advances population genetics has made over the past 25 years, this book has proven highly popular among human geneticists, biologists, evolutionary theorists, and bio-mathematicians.
Author: Susumu Ohno
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364286659X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 171
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Book Description
It is said that "necessity is the mother of invention". To be sure, wheels and pulleys were invented out of necessity by the tenacious minds of upright citi zens. Looking at the history of mankind, however, one has to add that "Ieisure is the mother of cultural improvement". Man's creative genius flourished only when his mind, freed from the worry of daily toils, was permitted to entertain apparently useless thoughts. In the same manner, one might say with regard to evolution that "natural selection mere(y tnodifted, while redundanry created". Natural selection has been extremely effective in policing alleHe mutations which arise in already existing gene loci. Because of natural selection, organisms have been able to adapt to changing environments, and by adaptive radiation many new species were created from a common ancestral form. Y et, being an effective policeman, natural selection is extremely conservative by nature. Had evolution been entirely dependent upon natural selection, from a bacterium only numerous forms of bacteria would have emerged. The creation of metazoans, vertebrates and finally mammals from unicellular organisms would have been quite impos sible, for such big leaps in evolution required the creation of new gene loci with previously nonexistent functions. Only the cistron which became redun dant was able to escape from the relentless pressure of natural selection, and by escaping, it accumulated formerly forbidden mutations to emerge as a new gene locus.
Author: J. C. Avise
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461523818
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522
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Book Description
Molecular approaches have opened new windows on a host of ecological and evolutionary disciplines, ranging from population genetics and behavioral ecology to conservation biology and systematics. Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution summarizes the multi-faceted discoveries about organisms in nature that have stemmed from analyses of genetic markers provided by polymorphic proteins and DNAs. The first part of the book introduces rationales for the use of molecular markers, provides a history of molecular phylogenetics, and describes a wide variety of laboratory methods and interpretative tools in the field. The second and major portion of the book provides a cornucopia of biological applications for molecular markers, organized along a scale from micro-evolutionary topics (such as forensics, parentage, kinship, population structure, and intra-specific phylogeny) to macro-evolutionary themes (including species relationships and the deeper phylogenetic structure in the tree of life). Unlike most prior books in molecular evolution, the focus is on organismal natural history and evolution, with the macromolecules being the means rather than the ends of scientific inquiry. Written as an intellectual stimulus for the advanced undergraduate, graduate student, or the practicing biologist desiring a wellspring of research ideas at the interface of molecular and organismal biology, this book presents material in a manner that is both technically straightforward, yet rich with concepts and with empirical examples from the world of nature.
Author: François Cordellier
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782866282608
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 163
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Book Description
Author: Jean-Jacques Kupiec
Publisher: Fayard
ISBN: 2213644810
Category : Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 224
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Book Description
Les enjeux de la biologie ne concernent pas seulement le vivant en tant que tel. Par ce qu’elles nous disent de notre identité et de notre place dans le monde, les théories biologiques influencent les sciences humaines. Au vingtième siècle, elles ont servi de caution à des idéologies comme le darwinisme social et l’eugénisme. La polémique sur le déterminisme génétique pendant la campagne présidentielle de 2007 et celle qui a suivi sur les tests ADN témoignent qu’elles interviennent toujours dans le débat politique. Habituellement, la critique du déterminisme génétique se fait au nom de principes éthiques. Dans L’origine des individus, Jean-Jacques Kupiec se place d’un point de vue différent, celui de la recherche biologique. Il démontre que le déterminisme génétique ne doit pas être rejeté uniquement parce qu’il est moralement injuste, mais parce qu’il est faux scientifiquement. Il est en contradiction avec les données acquises par la biologie moléculaire. L’analyse montre également que les théories holistes et les théories de l’auto-organisation ne sont pas des alternatives valables. Pour résoudre la contradiction du déterminisme génétique, la biologie doit dépasser les schémas de pensée qui l’ont toujours enfermée depuis l’Antiquité. L’ontogenèse et la phylogenèse sont deux aspects inséparables d’une même réalité ne constituant qu’un seul processus d’hétéro-organisation. Au cours de cette ontophylogenèse, les êtres vivants individuels et les espèces se forment de manière identique. L’environnement n’est pas seulement ce qui est extérieur à l’organisme, il se prolonge dans son milieu intérieur où agit la sélection naturelle. L’ ontophylogenèse détruit la conception d’un individu qui n’existerait que par sa détermination interne et lui substitue celle d’un individu existant par la relation à ce qui lui est extérieur. L’Autre est présent dans les fondements biologiques de notre identité. Jean-Jacques Kupiec est chercheur en biologie et en épistémologie au centre Cavaillès de l’Ecole normale supérieure de Paris. Son travail concerne la biologie moléculaire, la biologie théorique et la philosophie de la biologie.
