Gender-Role Orientation of Female Cadets at the United States Air Force Academy PDF Download
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Author: Michele Sakuyako Fincher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sex differences
Languages : en
Pages : 63
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Book Description
The effects of a masculine service academy environment on the gender- role development of female cadets was studied. Past research indicates that gender-roles continue to change as individuals mature, making it a continually evolving process. Research also indicates that individuals adjust their gender- roles in accordance with their environment. Since the nature of this environment can often be characterized as masculine or feminine, it is likely that changes in gender-role orientation which occur in the context of these environments can also be characterized as such. Female cadets from all four classes at the United States Air Force Academy were studied to determine whether the environment produced a more masculine or androgynous orientation in these women. Fifty-five subjects were administered the Bem Sex-Role Inventory to determine if orientation changed as the individual spent more time in the masculine environment. Although there were no statistically significant differences found across classes for femininity, masculinity, or androgyny scores, a non- significant trend was evident which tended to corroborate a previous study. Additionally, there were dramatic changes in gender-role orientation for female cadets from the last time that this population was studied. Comparisons indicate that while the majority of women in general are not masculine in gender-role orientation, women at USAFA have definitely become more so in nature since they were last studied. Further investigations in the form of longitudinal studies are recommended for future research efforts.
Author: Michele Sakuyako Fincher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sex differences
Languages : en
Pages : 63
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Book Description
The effects of a masculine service academy environment on the gender- role development of female cadets was studied. Past research indicates that gender-roles continue to change as individuals mature, making it a continually evolving process. Research also indicates that individuals adjust their gender- roles in accordance with their environment. Since the nature of this environment can often be characterized as masculine or feminine, it is likely that changes in gender-role orientation which occur in the context of these environments can also be characterized as such. Female cadets from all four classes at the United States Air Force Academy were studied to determine whether the environment produced a more masculine or androgynous orientation in these women. Fifty-five subjects were administered the Bem Sex-Role Inventory to determine if orientation changed as the individual spent more time in the masculine environment. Although there were no statistically significant differences found across classes for femininity, masculinity, or androgyny scores, a non- significant trend was evident which tended to corroborate a previous study. Additionally, there were dramatic changes in gender-role orientation for female cadets from the last time that this population was studied. Comparisons indicate that while the majority of women in general are not masculine in gender-role orientation, women at USAFA have definitely become more so in nature since they were last studied. Further investigations in the form of longitudinal studies are recommended for future research efforts.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Book Description
This research examined the relationship between male and female cadets' views toward women in society, in the military, and at the U.S. Air Force Academy (USAFA) with knowledge and understanding of academic, military, and physical fitness standards at USAFA. Prior to the admission of women at USAFA, the Department of Physical Education created physical fitness standards based on research that showed physiological differences in males and females (Baldi, 1991; Petosa, 1989). This study found that male cadets had high sexist attitudes toward women in society, did not agree with the involvement of women in combat, did not agree with women holding certain jobs in the military, and believed women negatively impacted standards at USAFA. About 66% of the cadets surveyed believed differences in physiology warranted different sets of fitness standards; however, about 17% of the cadets, who were all male, supported equal standards based on the fact that men and women are expected to perform the same jobs in the Air Force. According to the results, high sexist attitudes of women are good indicators of support for equal physical fitness standards. The views expressed in this study are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gender identity
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Public Law-106, which authorized the admittance of women into the five federal service academies, was historically significant as it reversed the previous male-only policy at the nation's premier military leadership institutions. Its 1975 passage reflected the groundwork established by military women as well as two decades of feminist activism in America. The entrance of women at the service academies clearly challenged the existing norms for women's roles in the military and arguably in American society as well; furthermore, an analysis of primary source documents and oral histories provides insight into how men and women at the Air Force Academy confronted radically new conceptions of gender roles in society. This analysis is particularly relevant as existing scholarship concerning the integration of women at the Air Force Academy has largely ignored men's and women's own perceptions and responses to their academy experiences. In studying the integration process at the Air Force Academy, my methodological approach places great value in centering women's voices in this story; therefore, this work will incorporate many of the existing oral histories of female cadets as well as recently gathered oral histories from women who graduated from the Air Force Academy during the integration period. By interrogating these individual cadet experiences within the larger historical context of the integration period, this work yields a deeper understanding of what it meant to be a man and a woman at this moment of radical change at the Air Force Academy. Why did men reject women as cadets? What motivated women to become cadets? How did women create a space for themselves within this rigid masculine environment? Beyond the now-familiar narratives about male close-mindedness and chauvinism, this study explores the cultural context in which men and women encountered one another in the service academies. Men and women at the Air Force Academy grappled with the integration process in unique ways; this present work focuses on how both men and women actively negotiated and renegotiated their perceptions of masculine and feminine identity during this period of momentous organizational change at the Air Force Academy.
Author: United States Air Force Academy. Library
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
Author: Lois B. DeFleur
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 31
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Book Description
This project is a continuation of the longitudinal study of sex-integration at the Air Force Academy. Extensive data files from male and female cadets have been developed and data is still being collected. A questionnaire was constructed which asked about problems of sex-integration attitudes toward career, marriage family as well as issues concerning masculine and feminine roles. An article was prepared and published in Youth and Society Dec. 1978. It discussed ambiguities, sex-linked differences and changes in cadet beliefs concerning squadron life, attitudes toward sex roles and interactions during six months of integration. Females did not believe they were accepted and males expressed more traditional orientations toward women's roles which affected their interaction with female cadets. The paper focused on career, marriage and family perceptions, and expectations. Data indicated that males preferred a traditional career, marriage and family, but about half were planning specifically for marriage and children and a limited Air Force Career. Others wanted to wait before marrying and planned on having dual-career marriages with carefully timed children and limited interruption of careers. (SDW).
Author: Kathleen Utley Kornahrens
Publisher: McFarland
ISBN: 1476648662
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
On June 28, 1976, into the all-male bastion of the United States Air Force Academy 157 women stepped, challenging the slogan over the entrance ramp that read "Bring Me Men." These women inspired an upheaval of change in this tradition-bound military school. Their journey was one of survival in a male-dominated environment, where they struggled to find balance on a seesaw of ingrained gender discrimination and undesired special privileges. This book tells the story of the first female cadets in the United States Air Force Academy, and their fight to make a permanent place for themselves there. Chapters explore their struggle to be accepted, the difficulties of the training environment, the camaraderie and conflict with men and the hardships and joys of those who marched in the ranks of that first co-ed class.
Author: Bettye J. Payne
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 25
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Author: Jamie L. Callahan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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I explore the role of training practices at the United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) in perpetuating power and control issues and the potential consequences of those practices. I argue that trainee responses to control deprivation may have resulted in alleged sexual assaults by male cadets and the eating disorders manifested by female cadets. The paper concludes with implications for HRD, including a call for recognizing the strategic role of training in forming organizational culture. (Contains 1 figure.).
Author: United States Air Force Academy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Minorities
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 550
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