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Author: Michaela Laupheimer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319077198
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
Microemulsions and gels are well-known systems, which play a major role in colloidal and interfacial science. In contrast, the concept of gel microemulsions is still quite new. Gelled microemulsions are highly promising for microemulsion applications in which low viscosity is undesirable, such as administering a drug-delivering microemulsion to a certain area of the skin. It is essential to understand the properties of and structures formed in a system combining microemulsion components and a gelator. This PhD thesis by Michaela Laupheimer provides an in-depth discussion of the phase behavior and sol-gel transition of a microemulsion gelled by a low molecular weight gelator as well as the rheological behavior of a gelled bicontinuous microemulsion. Moreover, the microstructure of the gelled bicontinuous system is fully clarified using techniques like self-diffusion NMR and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). By comparing gelled bicontinuous microemulsions with corresponding non-gelled microemulsions and binary gels, it is demonstrated that bicontinuous microemulsion domains coexist with a gelator network and that the coexisting structures possess no fundamental mutual influence. Hence, gelled bicontinuous microemulsions have been identified as a new type of orthogonal self-assembled system.
Author: Michaela Laupheimer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319077198
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
Microemulsions and gels are well-known systems, which play a major role in colloidal and interfacial science. In contrast, the concept of gel microemulsions is still quite new. Gelled microemulsions are highly promising for microemulsion applications in which low viscosity is undesirable, such as administering a drug-delivering microemulsion to a certain area of the skin. It is essential to understand the properties of and structures formed in a system combining microemulsion components and a gelator. This PhD thesis by Michaela Laupheimer provides an in-depth discussion of the phase behavior and sol-gel transition of a microemulsion gelled by a low molecular weight gelator as well as the rheological behavior of a gelled bicontinuous microemulsion. Moreover, the microstructure of the gelled bicontinuous system is fully clarified using techniques like self-diffusion NMR and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). By comparing gelled bicontinuous microemulsions with corresponding non-gelled microemulsions and binary gels, it is demonstrated that bicontinuous microemulsion domains coexist with a gelator network and that the coexisting structures possess no fundamental mutual influence. Hence, gelled bicontinuous microemulsions have been identified as a new type of orthogonal self-assembled system.
Author: Promod Kumar
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351442333
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 891
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Book Description
Demonstrating methods for overcoming stability issues in paints, wax dispersions, cosmetics, food products, and other industrial applications, this reference probes theoretical and practical issues surrounding microemulsion science and technology. Featuring the work of 51 international experts and containing almost 1000 instructive tables, equations, and illustrations, this book reviews the performance of, and prospects for, experimental methods such as X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), light scattering, small angle neutron scattering, viscosimetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to characterize various aspects of the dispersed phase of microemulsions.
Author: S. Martellucci
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489908099
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
The current state of the art of various aspects of micro emulsion systems is reflected in this volume. Major topics discussed include: general background on solubilized systems, phase diagrams and phase equi libria, bicontinuous microemulsions, Winsor's phases, theories and models of complex self association structures, cry tical behaviour, phase tran sitions in lyotropic liquid crystals. I hope that this book will serve its intended objective of reflecting our current understanding of microemulsions both in theory and practice, and that it will be useful to researchers, both novices as well as experts, as a valuable reference source. I feel indebted to the people of the Ettore Majorana Centre: the friendly atmosphere of the Erice centre provided a very effective environ ment to enjoy the company of colleagues and friends during breaks and after sessions, and to discuss problems of mutual interest. The courtesy, efficiency and devotion of the secretarial and technical staff was also appreciated, and greatly contributed to make the Workshop a smoothly run ning one. The Scientific Secretary Donatella Senatra Department of Physics University of Florence (Italy) v INTRODUCTION The decision to publish. in a more permanent form than heretofore. the Proceedings of the Workshop on "Progress in Microemulsion" of the Inter national School of Quantum Electronics. which was held in Erice (Italy) from October 26 to November 1st. 1985. under the auspices of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. will prove to be a sound one.
Author: Yvonne Pütz
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736980426
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
Improved building insulation is an important part of today´s efforts on energy saving. Here, nano-insulation materials promise especially low thermal conductivity. Therefore, an easy and cost-efficient production of these materials is an aim of present material research. One approach towards these materials is the expansion and fixation of polymerisable microemulsions of supercritical blowing agents. However, the nano-sized bubbles are found to undergo undesired coarsening processes. In order to reduce the increasing interfacial tension emerging during expansion and therewith the coarsening it was suggested to add low-molecular hydrophobic substances to the supercritical microemulsion. And indeed, the addition of cyclohexane to a microemulsion of the type brine – CO2 – fluorinated surfactants was found to reduce the fluorinated surfactant content – a measure for the interfacial tension - considerably. In this work a systematic small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) contrast variation was performed and the data were analysed by model-independent Fourier analysis. It was found that a concentration gradient of cyclohexane inside the CO2/cyclohexane microemulsion droplets forms. Interestingly, the analysis reveals a depletion zone close to the amphiphilic film which presumably develops due to the known repulsive interactions of cyclohexane and the fluorinated surfactant tails. Using a specially designed high pressure SANS cell to perform stroboscopic pressure jumps, the influence of cyclohexane on pressure-induced elongation of microemulsion droplets as well as the early state of foaming after expansion was studied. Here, the pressure-dependent thermodynamic stability of such microemulsions allows for a fast repeatability of the pressure cycles. It turned out that cyclohexane systematically slows down the structural changes in all processes. Parallel pressure jump experiments with poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) particles revealed that hydration and dehydration kinetics can be studied with the same experimental setup. The first kinetic experiments which combine a CO2-microemulsion mixed with PNIPAM particles indicate that PNIPAM acts as a stabiliser for the microemulsion and further reduces the thermodynamic driving force of the demixing process.
Author: Shih-Yu Tseng
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 373696711X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
Microemulsions are known for their versatile properties widely utilized in fundamental research and industrial applications. They are thermodynamically stable mixtures structured on a colloidal length scale with an amphiphilic film separating water- and oil-rich domains. However, recent studies claim the existence of “surfactant-free microemulsions,” which exhibit structures on a molecular length scale. By means of systematic phase behavior and scattering experiments, this dissertation provides deep insights into the pathway from simple solutions to weakly and strongly structured microemulsions. With bulk-contrast SANS, the scattering behavior of a simple solution system made of water, cyclohexane, 1- and 2-propanol was found to be dominated by critical composition fluctuations (Ornstein-Zernike). Further analysis of critical phenomena revealed the critical exponent doubling that follows the scaling law γ ~ “2” ν. On the other hand, weak scattering signals described with a new model were detected in the film-contrast SANS data due to the nearby tricritical point (TCP). After crossing the TCP, the formation of well-defined amphiphilic films was demonstrated by increasing the amphiphilicity of the amphiphile. Subsequently, the influence of modifications of the amphiphilic film by adding novel diblock polymers was studied. As a result, enhanced efficiency and strengthened structural ordering were achieved in typical alkane microemulsions and novel CO2 microemulsions. Finally, the properties of industry-relevant microemulsions were investigated in two application-oriented projects. One project focused on the phase behavior and the microstructure of polyol-rich CO2 microemulsions, which can be used for the polyurethane (PU) foam production with cell sizes of a few micrometers. The other project focused on the formulation of optimum microemulsions stabilized by highly efficient extended surfactants. The experimental parameters from phase behavior studies helped determine the coefficients of the HLD equation, which can serve as a prediction tool for tackling a wide variety of formulation problems. Above all, this doctoral dissertation elucidated the pathway toward structured microemulsions and demonstrated versatile aspects of microemulsions’ applications.
Author: I. D. Robb
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475709552
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
Author: B.-L. Su
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527639594
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 676
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Book Description
This first book devoted to this hot field of science covers materials with bimodal, trimodal and multimodal pore size, with an emphasis on the successful design, synthesis and characterization of all kinds of hierarchically porous materials using different synthesis strategies. It details formation mechanisms related to different synthesis strategies while also introducing natural phenomena of hierarchy and perspectives of hierarchical science in polymers, physics, engineering, biology and life science. Examples are given to illustrate how to design an optimal hierarchically porous material for specific applications ranging from catalysis and separation to biomedicine, photonics, and energy conversion and storage. With individual chapters written by leading experts, this is the authoritative treatment, serving as an essential reference for researchers and beginners alike.
Author: Conxita Solans
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824797959
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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Book Description
"Fills a void in the literature by presenting the basic concepts of microemulsions, essential to understanding their industrial significance, and comprehensive descriptions of the most useful commerical applications. Discusses important issues related to enzymatic reactions and nanoparticle formation. Charts the enormous advances that have occurred in the field over the past decade."
Author: John Henry Burban
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 478
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Book Description
Author: Monzer Fanun
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420089609
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
The effective use of microemulsions has increased dramatically during the past few decades as major industrial applications have expanded in a variety of fields. Microemulsions: Properties and Applications provides a complete and systematic assessment of all topics affecting microemulsion performance and discusses the fundamental characteristics, t
