Functional Lung Imaging in Humans Using Positron Emission Tomography PDF Download
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Author: Dominick Layfield
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 187
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Book Description
This thesis deals with a method of functional lung imaging using Positron Emission Tomography (PET). In this technique, a radioactive tracer, nitrogen-13, is dissolved in saline solution, and injected into a peripheral vein. By analysis of the tracer kinetics through the lung, measured using PET, a three-dimensional image of perfusion and ventilation can be generated. In the first part of this thesis, a new tracer-preparation system, suitable for use in human subjects, is described. The system is remotely operated, highly automated, and incorporates numerous redundant safeguards to protect the patient. The second part of the thesis details a formal approach to the analysis of the experimental data. A model of the tracer in the right heart and lungs is developed, and used to estimate physiological parameters for large to medium-sized regions of diseased lung. As regions of interest are made smaller, the amount of imaging noise in PET data increases. Consequently parameter estimates become less reliable as finer resolution is used. In order to retain as much spatial information as possible, a new approach is explored, in which voxels with similar kinetics are grouped together, and parameters are estimated for the whole group; in this way, spatial resolution is conserved at the expense of parametric discretization. The viability of the approach is demonstrated by high-resolution analysis of ventilation dysfunction in asthmatic subjects.
Author: Dominick Layfield
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 187
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Book Description
This thesis deals with a method of functional lung imaging using Positron Emission Tomography (PET). In this technique, a radioactive tracer, nitrogen-13, is dissolved in saline solution, and injected into a peripheral vein. By analysis of the tracer kinetics through the lung, measured using PET, a three-dimensional image of perfusion and ventilation can be generated. In the first part of this thesis, a new tracer-preparation system, suitable for use in human subjects, is described. The system is remotely operated, highly automated, and incorporates numerous redundant safeguards to protect the patient. The second part of the thesis details a formal approach to the analysis of the experimental data. A model of the tracer in the right heart and lungs is developed, and used to estimate physiological parameters for large to medium-sized regions of diseased lung. As regions of interest are made smaller, the amount of imaging noise in PET data increases. Consequently parameter estimates become less reliable as finer resolution is used. In order to retain as much spatial information as possible, a new approach is explored, in which voxels with similar kinetics are grouped together, and parameters are estimated for the whole group; in this way, spatial resolution is conserved at the expense of parametric discretization. The viability of the approach is demonstrated by high-resolution analysis of ventilation dysfunction in asthmatic subjects.
Author: Yoshiharu Ohno
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030435393
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 363
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Book Description
This book reviews the basics of pulmonary functional imaging using new CT and MR techniques and describes the clinical applications of these techniques in detail. The intention is to equip readers with a full understanding of pulmonary functional imaging that will allow optimal application of all relevant techniques in the assessment of a variety of diseases, including COPD, asthma, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary thromboembolism, pulmonary hypertension, lung cancer and pulmonary nodule. Pulmonary functional imaging has been promoted as a research and diagnostic tool that has the capability to overcome the limitations of morphological assessments as well as functional evaluation based on traditional nuclear medicine studies. The recent advances in CT and MRI and in medical image processing and analysis have given further impetus to pulmonary functional imaging and provide the basis for future expansion of its use in clinical applications. In documenting the utility of state-of-the-art pulmonary functional imaging in diagnostic radiology and pulmonary medicine, this book will be of high value for chest radiologists, pulmonologists, pulmonary surgeons, and radiation technologists.
Author: Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540432685
Category : Chest
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
For a long time, imaging of the chest was based on the use of either radiography, demonstrating lung morphology, or scintigraphy, looking at lung function. However, as a result of recent developments in CT and MRI technology it is now possible to perform dedicated investigations of different aspects of lung function, such as ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange, and respiratory mechanics. This volume, written by acknowledged experts in the field, provides a well-illustrated and comprehensive review of these novel approaches to functional imaging of the chest. It will be of great assistance to all who are establishing such strategies in the research or clinical arenas for the diagnostic work-up and follow-up of patients with lung diseases.
Author: David Lipson
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780367392772
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
Written by world authorities, this reference explores the utilization and advancement of state-of-the-art imaging modalities for the analysis of pulmonary function-providing an up-to-date and global perspective of imaging applications with detailed contributions from experts in Europe, North America, Japan, and Australia.
Author: Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 354034618X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 315
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Book Description
During the past decade significant developments have been achieved in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), enabling MRI to enter the clinical arena of chest imaging. Standard protocols can now be implemented on up-to-date scanners, allowing MRI to be used as a first-line imaging modality for various lung diseases, including cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension and even lung cancer. The diagnostic benefits stem from the ability of MRI to visualize changes in lung structure while simultaneously imaging different aspects of lung function, such as perfusion, respiratory motion, ventilation and gas exchange. On this basis, novel quantitative surrogates for lung function can be obtained. This book provides a comprehensive overview of how to use MRI for imaging of lung disease. Special emphasis is placed on benign diseases requiring regular monitoring, given that it is patients with these diseases who derive the greatest benefit from the avoidance of ionizing radiation.
Author: Daniel A. Lichtenstein
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319153714
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 394
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Book Description
Written by a pioneer in critical care ultrasound, this book discusses the basic technique and “signatures” of lung ultrasound and explains its main clinical applications. The tools and clinical uses of the BLUE protocol, which allows diagnosis of most cases of acute respiratory failure, are first described in detail. Careful attention is then devoted to protocols derived from the BLUE protocol – the FALLS protocol for diagnosis and management of acute circulatory failure, the Pink protocol for use in ARDS, and the SESAME protocol for use in cardiac arrest – and to the LUCI-FLR program, a means of answering clinical questions while reducing radiation exposure. Finally, the book discusses all the possible settings in which lung ultrasound can be used, discipline by discipline and condition by condition. Lung Ultrasound in the Critically Ill comprehensively explains how ultrasound can become the stethoscope of modern medicine. It is a superb complement to the author’s previous book, Whole Body Ultrasonography in the Critically Ill.
Author: Jun Zhang
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030430405
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
This book is a guide to new and emerging PET technology, instrumentation, and its place in clinical practice. PET technology is currently moving from the conventional photomultiplier tube (PMT) detector based PET to the new generation, solid state light sensor detector. This is a technological leap and holds significant implications for the use of PET imaging. This book introduces and describes the emerging and new generation of PET instrumentations and technologies across manufactures, focusing on solid-state PET detector designs, system characteristics, and clinical practices as well as future advanced Time-of-Flight (TOF) PET technologies. Organized into three sections, the basics of PET imaging; solid state digital PET instrumentation, technology, and clinical practice; and a look to the future of PET imaging, chapters present a full picture of PET imaging, where we are and where we will be. Nuclear medicine physicians, physicists, and technologists can use this book to better understand future PET systems, novel PET technologies, and potential game changes of clinical PET practice.
Author: Andreas Maier
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319965204
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 263
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Book Description
This open access book gives a complete and comprehensive introduction to the fields of medical imaging systems, as designed for a broad range of applications. The authors of the book first explain the foundations of system theory and image processing, before highlighting several modalities in a dedicated chapter. The initial focus is on modalities that are closely related to traditional camera systems such as endoscopy and microscopy. This is followed by more complex image formation processes: magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray projection imaging, computed tomography, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, nuclear imaging, ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography.
Author: Andy Adam
Publisher: Churchill Livingstone
ISBN: 9780443101632
Category : Diagnosis, Radioscopic
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Organised along an organ and systems basis, this comprehensive reference source covers all diagnostic and interventional imaging techniques and modalities in an integrated, correlative fashion.
Author: Martin W. Hüllner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
