Author:
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN: 9781859573365
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Book Description
In recent years there has been a explosion in finishing effects for plastics. Differentiation through product design as well as packaging design has become a paramount arm in the fight for market share in consumer products markets and elsewhere. Mass customisation through finishing effects is considered a key to commercially successful designs. Rapid developments in technology as well as a host of new plastics coming on stream have enabled the plastics industry and those that use plastics in their products to realize dramatic product enhancements in terms of both aesthetics and functionality. This conference addressed the potential of special effects through presentations from leading companies.
Author: Godwell Nhamo
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1599426528
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
This study was conducted in South Africa. South Africa is the first country within the Southern African Development Community to have regulated plastic shopping bags waste through the imposition of both a standard on thickness and a levy. Given this scenario, the Plastic Bags Regulations present an illustrative case for researching complexity, uncertainty and controversies surrounding a new trend in environmental policy making, namely waste product regulation. The thesis focuses on understanding and investigating tensions, debates and responses emerging from the policy process as actors and actor-networks put not only the Plastic Bags Regulations into circulation as focal actant (token) but also other actants and actant-networks as well. To this end, a research question that addressed environmental policies, tensions, debates and responses that informed the development of South Africa s Plastic Bags Regulations was spelt out. The research objectives included the need to: (1) analyse selected international environmental policy processes surrounding plastic shopping bags litter and waste regulation and how these influenced developments in South Africa; (2) identify actors, actants and actor/actant-networks that shaped and were being transformed by South Africa s Plastic Bags Regulations and explain the tensions, debates and responses arising in the policy processes; (3) identify environmental policy outputs and assess outcomes emerging from the formulation and implementation of South Africa s Plastic Bags Regulations; and (4) establish patterns in environmental policy process reforms around South Africa s Plastic Bags Regulations. The language of actors (human), actants (non-human) and actor/actant-networks brings to the fore the aspects of processes and relationships that exist around them. As such, insights from the actor/actant-network theory (AANT) were drawn upon to inform the research. AANT enquiry framework collapses binaries such as nature/society, art/science, structure/agency and global/local historically associated with a particular type of social theory. AANT also denies that purely technical, scientific or social relations are possible (the notion of quasi-objects or token). Data sets were generated following the Plastic Bags Regulations as token actant with time frames ranging from prior to, during and after the formulation of the regulations. Similarly, data analysis drew insights from AANT s four moments of translation namely problematisation, interessement, enrolment and mobilisation, with the intervention theory providing an evaluative perspective that complemented AANT. The findings were that after the promulgation of the first draft of the Plastic Bags Regulations in May 2000, tensions emerged around the nature of regulation (whether command and control preferred by government or self regulation preferred by industry and labour). In this regard the latter group raised concerns about jobs, income and equipment loss as well as the need to have a holistic approach to waste management rather than targeting a single product at a time whilst the former maintained that this would not be so. As such, education, awareness and stringent antilitter penalties were proposed by industry and labour as sustainable responses to the problem of plastic shopping bags waste rather than regulation. These debates continued and resulted in minor amendments to the original regulations as finalised by Government in May 2002. However, industry and labour continued lobbying government resulting in the conclusion of the Plastic Bags Agreement in September 2002 and the ultimate repulsion of the May 2002 regulations in May 2003. As revealed by this research, these responses led to broader social responses and further tensions as demand for plastic shopping bags went down by about 80% although an estimated 1000 jobs were lost and a number of companies lost equipment and business (with some closing down) following the implementation of
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Trademarks
Languages : en
Pages : 794
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mineral industries
Languages : en
Pages : 1068
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Trademarks
Languages : en
Pages : 812
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Author: B Mattsson
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 9781855736771
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Environmental awareness in the food industry has become increasingly important in recent years, as a result of consumer pressure and increasing regulation. This book addresses how to achieve environmentally-friendly food production, reviewing the assessment of various food products and the ways in which the industry can improve their operations and become more environmentally responsible. Part one evaluates the environmental impact of food processing operations, in such areas as fruit, vegetable, meat and fish processing. Part two moves on to address good practice in food processing reviewing packaging, recycling and waste treatment, as well as methods of improving energy consumption and environmental training for the food industry. Environmentally-friendly food processing is an essential reference for all those concerned with environmental awareness and responsibility in the food industry. Addresses how to achieve environmentally-friendly food production, reviewing the assessment of various food products and how the industry can become more environmentally responsible Evaluates the environmental impact of food processing operations, in such areas as fruit, vegetable, meat and fish processing Reviews packaging, recycling and waste treatment, as well as methods of improving energy consumption and environmental training for the food industry
Author: Aisa Oberlin Solomon
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9086867472
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
Household solid waste management is a severe problem in East Africa capital cities. Domestic actors tend to be neglected in their role in solving the problem. This book develops a new conceptual framework for analyzing the role of households in solid waste management in East Africa's capital cities. This conceptual framework is derived from the theory of the Modernized Mixture Approach. By focusing on households in informal settlements in particular, domestic routines for handling wastes are analyzed for their technical and social dimensions. By elaborating upon the technical and social aspects of domestic solid wastes and the role of householders in producing and handling these wastes, this book adds to the scanty body of scientific knowledge of sustainable waste management by householders in East African countries. The knowledge generated with respect to technical and social dimensions can be used in the future by researchers and policy makers in SWM policies both in East Africa and comparable situations elsewhere in the world.
Author: D. J. Knight
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN: 9781859575161
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Author: British Library. Document Supply Centre
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conference proceedings
Languages : en
Pages : 870
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economic surveys
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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