From Adoption to Innovation: State-Dependent Technology Policy in Developing Countries PDF Download
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Author: Jaedo Choi
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 69
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Book Description
Should policymakers in developing countries prioritize foreign technology adoption over domestic innovation? How might this depend on development stages? Using historical technology transfer data from Korea, we find that greater productivity gaps with foreign firms correlate with faster productivity growth after adoption, despite lower fees. Furthermore, non-adopters increased patent citations to foreign sellers, suggesting knowledge spillovers. Motivated by these findings, we build a two-country growth model with innovation and adoption. As the gaps narrow, productivity gains and spillovers from adoption diminish and foreign sellers strategically raise fees due to intensified competition, which renders adoption subsidies less effective. Korea’s shift from adoption to innovation subsidies substantially contributed to growth and welfare. We also explore the optimal policy and its interaction with import tariffs.
Author: Jaedo Choi
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 69
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Book Description
Should policymakers in developing countries prioritize foreign technology adoption over domestic innovation? How might this depend on development stages? Using historical technology transfer data from Korea, we find that greater productivity gaps with foreign firms correlate with faster productivity growth after adoption, despite lower fees. Furthermore, non-adopters increased patent citations to foreign sellers, suggesting knowledge spillovers. Motivated by these findings, we build a two-country growth model with innovation and adoption. As the gaps narrow, productivity gains and spillovers from adoption diminish and foreign sellers strategically raise fees due to intensified competition, which renders adoption subsidies less effective. Korea’s shift from adoption to innovation subsidies substantially contributed to growth and welfare. We also explore the optimal policy and its interaction with import tariffs.
Author: Younghun Shim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Should governments subsidize firms' own innovation or adoption of foreign technology? How does the answer change over different stages of development? To answer these questions, we digitize the universe of technology transfer contracts between domestic and foreign firms in South Korea during its growth miracle period. This data has novel information on the price of technologies. We find that, when the productivity gap between domestic and foreign firms is larger, 1) productivity increases more after adoption, 2) the adoption fee is lower, and 3) domestic firms more often choose technology adoption over innovation. Motivated by these findings, we build a two-country growth model with endogenous adoption and innovation decisions. Foreign firms can sell technologies for an endogenous fee, internalizing the future loss of profit due to stronger competition with domestic firms. By construction, adoption can raise domestic firms at most to the technology level of foreign firms. Therefore, as domestic firms close the productivity gap, the expected productivity gain from adoption decreases, making an adoption subsidy less effective than an innovation subsidy. We evaluate Korea's technology policies since 1973, which started with an adoption subsidy and shifted to an innovation subsidy as the productivity of Korean firms converged with that of foreign competitors. Our result suggests that this state-dependent policy increased consumption-equivalent welfare by 5%, which raises welfare more than time-invariant policies that subsidize only innovation or adoption throughout. Our analysis also shows that the optimal year to switch from an adoption to an innovation subsidy would have been 1985, when Korea's GDP reached 55% of Japan's.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 926408892X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
Innovation drives long-term economic growth. This book examines the role of innovation in developing countries, with a focus on Africa.
Author: J. L. Enos
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134903456
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
This book considers the problems that developing countries face when importing technology from abroad. The major issues - technical, economic, political - are analysed in the case of one particular country: Korea. The book describes the negotiations with the foreign companies that controlled the desired technology, the building of the plants, the training of engineers and managers to replace expatriots, the improvements of processes and products and the maintenance of efficient and profitable production. In their research the authors were given access to information usually kept confidential - government memoranda and minutes, company contacts and records, costs and prices. The book also considers how typical of the developing countries Korea is, and the authors make certain policy recommendations for the future.
Author: Charles V. Kidd
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483154254
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
Manpower Policies for the Use of Science and Technology in Development discusses several factors to consider when making human-resource-related policies in the science and technology industries. The book is comprised of eight chapters; each chapter tackles a specific area of concern regarding manpower policies. Chapter 1 covers the frameworks and definitions and discusses topics such as the significance of manpower for development. Chapter 2 deals with demand, supply, and forecasting, and Chapter 3 reviews the national structures for science and technology. The fourth chapter covers domestic training institution, including the roles and effectiveness, while the fifth chapter talks about the creation and evolution of domestic institutions. Chapter 6 then discusses the multinational agencies and transnational firms. Chapter 7 tackles the concept of brain drain, and Chapter 8 discusses the conclusion and provides recommendations. The book will be of great interest to professionals in the science and technology industries, especially those who hold management positions.
Author: Proceedings of the Sixth Convocation of The Council of Academies of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309038423
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
The technological revolution has reached around the world, with important consequences for business, government, and the labor market. Computer-aided design, telecommunications, and other developments are allowing small players to compete with traditional giants in manufacturing and other fields. In this volume, 16 engineering and industrial experts representing eight countries discuss the growth of technological advances and their impact on specific industries and regions of the world. From various perspectives, these distinguished commentators describe the practical aspects of technology's reach into business and trade.
Author: United States. Agency for International Development
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business enterprises
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264194398
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Perspectives on Global Development (PGD) is OECD’s annual publication on emerging development issues. The 2013 edition focuses on productive growth strategies.
Author: Maria Clara Couto Soares
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1317560175
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
This series of books brings together results of an extensive research programme on aspects of the national systems of innovation (NSI) in the five BRICS countries — Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. It provides a comprehensive and comparative examination of the challenges and opportunities faced by these dynamic and emerging economies. In discussing the impact of innovation with respect to economic, geopolitical, socio-cultural, institutional, and technological systems, it reveals the possibilities of new development paradigms for equitable and sustainable growth. This volume analyses the co-evolution of inequality and NSI across the BRICS economies. It reveals the multi-dimensional character of inequality, in going beyond its income aspect to include assets, access to basic services, infrastructure, knowledge, race, gender, ethnicity and geographic location. In advancing valuable policy recommendations, the book argues that inequalities must be factored in development strategies given that benefits of innovation are not automatically distributed equally. Original and detailed data, together with expert analyses on wide-ranging issues, make this book an invaluable resource for researchers and scholars in economics, development studies and political science, in addition to policy-makers and development practitioners interested in the BRICS countries.
Author: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Publisher: Stylus Publishing, LLC
ISBN: 9213619766
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
This report focuses on how innovation policies can expressly promote industrial development, and what lessons can be learnt from existing experiences of countries, both developing and developed. It argues that while technology and innovation are an essential component of how industries use knowledge to apply to learning, their role in fostering economic development can only be harnessed if innovation policies are clearly and coherently linked to overall industrial development goals of countries. Basing its analysis on data as well as experiences of countries, the report argues for closer coordination between innovation policies and industrial goals in order to promote technology and innovation for overall economic development.
