Formation Mechanisms of Water-soluble Organic Compounds in Atmospheric Aerosols PDF Download
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Author: Xiaofeng Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Xiaofeng Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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HKUST Call Number: Thesis AMCE 2006 Huang.
Author: Ian Colbeck
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1405139196
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Aerosol particles are ubiquitous in the Earth’s atmosphere and are central to many environmental issues such as climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion and air quality. In urban environments, aerosol particles can affect human health through their inhalation. Atmospheric aerosols originate from naturally occurring processes, such as volcanic emissions, sea spray and mineral dust emissions, or from anthropogenic activity such as industry and combustion processes. Aerosols present pathways for reactions, transport, and deposition that would not occur in the gas phase alone. Understanding the ways in which aerosols behave, evolve, and exert these effects requires knowledge of their formation and removal mechanism, transport processes, as well as their physical and chemical characteristics. Motivated by climate change and adverse health effects of traffic-related air pollution, aerosol research has intensified over the past couple of decades, and recent scientific advances offer an improved understanding of the mechanisms and factors controlling the chemistry of atmospheric aerosols. Environmental Chemistry of Aerosols brings together the current state of knowledge of aerosol chemistry, with chapters written by international leaders in the field. It will serve as an authoritative and practical reference for scientists studying the Earth’s atmosphere and as an educational and training resource for both postgraduate students and professional atmospheric scientists.
Author: Marwa M. H. El-Sayed
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 748
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Book Description
The formation of secondary organic aerosols through aqueous processes (aqSOA) has been identified as an important route in forming organic aerosols; however, many aspects of this formation are still uncertain. One main uncertainty is the nature by which these aqueous compounds are formed, whether the formation is reversible, irreversible, or a mixture of both. To date, there are no ambient measurements to quantify or constrain the relative contributions of reversible/irreversible aqSOA. Hence, we have developed an online method to simultaneously measure water-soluble organic carbon in the gas (WSOCg) and particle (WSOCp) phases to characterize the reversible and irreversible uptake of water-soluble organic gases to aerosol liquid water (ALW) across the different seasons in Maryland located in the eastern United States.
Author: Yue Zhang
Publisher: American Chemical Society
ISBN: 0841299293
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
The uncertainties in the aerosol effects on radiative forcing limit our knowledge of climate change, presenting us with an important research challenge. Aerosols in Atmospheric Chemistry introduces basic concepts about the characterization, formation, and impacts of ambient aerosol particles as an introduction to graduate students new to the field. Each chapter also provides an up-to-date synopsis of the latest knowledge of aerosol particles in atmospheric chemistry.
Author: Rekha Kale
Publisher: Scitus Academics LLC
ISBN: 9781681171326
Category : Aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Atmospheric Aerosols is a vital problem in current environmental research due to its importance in atmospheric optics, energetics, radiative transfer studies, chemistry, climate, biology and public health. Aerosols can influence the energy balance of the terrestrial atmosphere, the hydrological cycle, atmospheric dynamics and monsoon circulations. Because of the heterogeneous aerosol field with large spatial and temporal variability and reduction in uncertainties in aerosol quantification is a challenging task in atmospheric sciences. Keeping this in view the present study aims to assess the impact of aerosols on coastal Indian station Visakhapatnam and the adjoining Bay of Bengal. An aerosol is a colloid of fine solid particles or liquid droplets, in air or another gas. Aerosols can be natural or not. Examples of natural aerosols are fog, forest exudates and geyser steam.
Author: Hajime Akimoto
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119422426
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 539
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Book Description
An important guide that highlights the multiphase chemical processes for students and professionals who want to learn more about aerosol chemistry Atmospheric Multiphase Reaction Chemistry provides the information and knowledge of multiphase chemical processes and offers a review of the fundamentals on gas-liquid equilibrium, gas phase reactions, bulk aqueous phase reactions, and gas-particle interface reactions related to formation of secondary aerosols. The authors—noted experts on the topic—also describe new particle formation, and cloud condensation nuclei activity. In addition, the text includes descriptions of field observations on secondary aerosols and PM2.5. Atmospheric aerosols play a critical role in air quality and climate change. There is growing evidence that the multiphase reactions involving heterogeneous reactions on the air-particle interface and the reactions in the bulk liquid phase of wet aerosol and cloud/fog droplets are important processes forming secondary aerosols in addition to gas-phase oxidation reactions to form low-volatile compounds. Comprehensive in scope, the book offers an understanding of the topic by providing a historical overview of secondary aerosols, the fundamentals of multiphase reactions, gas-phase reactions of volatile organic compounds, aqueous phase and air-particle interface reactions of organic compound. This important text: Provides knowledge on multiphase chemical processes for graduate students and research scientists Includes fundamentals on gas-liquid equilibrium, gas phase reactions, bulk aqueous phase reactions, and gas-particle interface reactions related to formation of secondary aerosols Covers in detail reaction chemistry of secondary organic aerosols Written for students and research scientists in atmospheric chemistry and aerosol science of environmental engineering, Atmospheric Multiphase Reaction Chemistry offers an essential guide to the fundamentals of multiphase chemical processes.
Author: Katye Elisabeth Altieri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 163
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Book Description
Atmospheric aerosols scatter and absorb light influencing the global radiation budget and climate, and are associated with adverse effects on human health. Precipitation is an important removal mechanism for atmospheric dissolved organic matter (DOM), and a potentially important input for receiving ecosystems. However, the sources, formation, and composition of atmospheric DOM in aerosols and precipitation are not well understood. This dissertation investigates the composition and formation mechanisms of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed through cloud processing reactions, elucidates the composition and sources of DOM in rainwater, and provides links connecting the two. Photochemical batch aqueous-phase reactions of organics with both biogenic and anthropogenic sources (i.e., methylglyoxal, pyruvic acid) and OH radical were performed to simulate cloud processing. The composition of products formed through cloud processing experiments and rainwater collected in New Jersey, USA was investigated using a combination of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry techniques, including ultra-high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. This dissertation has resulted in the first evidence that oligomers form through cloud processing reactions, the first detailed chemical mechanism of aqueous phase oligomerization, the first identification of oligomers, organosulfates, and nitrooxy organosulfates in precipitation, and the first molecular level chemical characterization of organic nitrogen in precipitation. The formation of oligomers in SOA helps to explain the presence of large multifunctional compounds and humic like substances (HULIS) that dominate particulate organic mass. Oligomers have low vapor pressures and remain in the particle phase after cloud evaporation, enhancing SOA. The chemical properties of the oligomers suggest that they are less hygroscopic than the monomeric reaction products (i.e., organic acids). Their elemental ratios are consistent with the hypothesis that oligomers are a large contributor to aged organic aerosol mass. The majority of the compounds identified in rainwater samples by advanced mass spectrometry appear to be products of atmospheric reactions, including known contributors to SOA formed from gas phase, aerosol phase, and in-cloud reactions in the atmosphere. The similarities between the complex organic matter in rainwater and SOA suggest that the large uncharacterized component of SOA is the main contributor to the large uncharacterized component of rainwater DOM.
Author: Sherri W. Hunt
Publisher: ACS Symposium
ISBN: 9780841233638
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book highlights new cross-disciplinary advances in aerosol chemistry that involve more than one phase, for example, unique chemical processes occurring on gas-solid and liquid-solid interfaces.
Author: Emma Louise D'Ambro
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 129
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Book Description
