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Author: Reg F. Newman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780772680594
Category : Conifers
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: Reg F. Newman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780772680594
Category : Conifers
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: Donald M. Ball
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Author: Mabel Alejandro-Castro
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conifers
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
The ability of controlled livestock grazing, in combination with seeding of palatable forages, to reduce understory competition and enhance conifer establishment, was evaluated during 1985 and 1986, on two adjacent sites in southwestern Oregon. In 1984, Site 1 was clearcut and broadcast burned to remove slash, and Site 2 was machine scarified, ripped to ameliorate compacted soil layers, piled and burned. Both sites were planted in the spring of 1985 with Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl.) and the following treatments applied during both years: silviculture-control, native vegetation-grazed, seeded vegetation-ungrazed, and seeded-grazed. Fifteen permanently marked 3.6m circular plots were located within each treatment replication, giving a total of 1950 trees from which growth and survival of conifers, and browsing and trampling by livestock and wildlife were monitored. Douglas-fir seedlings were also assessed for predawn and midday xylem potentials at each sampling date. Gravimetric soil moisture content and understory vegetation cover were also assessed on Site 1 and Site 2. Interpretation of conifer survival and growth response was complicated by severe frost damage and heavy browsing by elk during the first year. Analysis of variance determined Douglas-fir survival and growth was not significantly different between treatments both years. However, a binomial response model describing predicted mortality of Douglas-fir indicated differences in survival were present. Mortality as predicted by the model was a result of the factors of frost, wildlife browsing, and livestock browsing and trampling, rather than treatment applications. Frost damage had the greatest impact on Douglas-fir mortality, both because it affected a large percentage of the trees on the site (43.6 percent overall), and because it dramatically increased seedling mortality. Elk, though impacting an equally large percentage of trees (23.1-57.7 percent), appeared to selectively browse the healthiest trees, or those not affected by frost damage. This resulted in much lower predicted mortalities. Although livestock browsing and trampling increased mortality of Douglas-fir seedlings, livestock activities were much less prevalent than wildlife browsing or frost. Each year, the controlled grazing program maintained livestock browsing at 2.6 percent, and trampling at 6.0 percent. In 1985, early season, intense grazing by cattle did not result in treatment differences for Douglas-fir xylem potential. In 1986, the general trend was for seedlings growing in the seeded-grazed and silviculture-control treatments to have similar and less negative xylem potentials than trees growing in the seeded-ungrazed and native-grazed treatments. In 1986, gravimetric soil moisture content differed between treatments only during the June sampling date, when soil moisture content was significantly higher in the silviculture-control treatment. Total herbaceous and total shrub cover did not differ between treatments either year. The generally low xylem potential levels for seedlings in the seeded-ungrazed treatment, suggests seeding with similar forages and with the exclusion of livestock grazing in this area may result in increased water stress for Douglas-fir seedlings. Grazing improved the water relations of seedlings in comparison to ungrazed plots.
Author: Jim Gerrish
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780972159708
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Using vivid images and detailed explanations, Gerrish takes graziers step by step through the MiG system. He begins from the ground up with the soil, and advances through the management of pastures and animals. Written for those new to MiG grazing, Gerrish's insight and personal experience can help experienced graziers fine tune their grazing operations for added income.
Author: Darrell A. Miller
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Companies
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Author: Jenna Meeks
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781369234251
Category : Agronomy
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Cattle in southeastern Wyoming commonly graze cornstalks during winter months. Corn residue has low forage quality compared to forage in pasture systems and quality steadily declines throughout the winter. Forage crops may serve as a supplement to winter cornstalk grazing. A field study was initiated in the fall of 2013 and repeated in 2014 to determine the impact of seeding date on forage crop biomass production for winter grazing. The study was conducted using a randomized complete block design with six planting dates per block and four replicates. The seed mixture included annual ryegrass, crimson clover, rapeseed, turnip, and radish aerially seeded at 13 kg ha−1. Seeding occurred between September 2 and October 30 in 2013 and between July 14 and October 13 in 2014. Corn was collected in 2014 from 6 m of corn row and then yield determined by an Almaco plot combine. Data collection included corn yield, aboveground forage crop biomass, and ground cover. Corn yield was not reduced by forage crops regardless of seeding date. Ground cover and biomass production collected at similar dates were highly correlated for grass and turnip species (p
Author: Andy Clark
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437903797
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
Author: Iowa Development Commission. Agriculture Division
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forage plants
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251007303
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
Author: Monte Rouquette, Jr.
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128144750
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
Management Strategies for Sustainable Cattle Production in Southern Pastures is a practical resource for scientists, students, and stakeholders who want to understand the relationships between soil-plant interactions and pasture management strategies, and the resultant performance of cow-calf and stocker cattle. This book illustrates the importance of matching cattle breed types and plant hardiness zones to optimize cattle production from forages and pastures. It explains the biologic and economic implications of grazing management decisions made to improve sustainability of pastures and cattle production while being compliant with present and future environmental concerns and cattle welfare programs. Documents the effects of cattle grazing on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprints Discusses strategies to enhance soil fertility, soil health, and nutrient cycling in pastures Provides information on the use of stocking rates, stocking strategies and grazing systems to optimize cow-calf production of weaned calves and stockers. Presents innovations in cattle supplementation and watering systems to minimize negative impacts on water and soil health Includes methods for weed control to maintain pasture condition and ecosystem stability Describes management strategies to integrate cattle operations with wildlife sustainability
