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Author: Christine Bachman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
Author: Christine Bachman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
Author: Leah Nadine Isquith-Dicker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Background: Food insecurity is associated with poor nutrition and growth, low educational attainment, and other negative outcomes that perpetuate poverty. Although significant progress to reduce food insecurity in Peru has been made in recent decades, 7.5% of the population still experiences food insecurity. While many food security interventions have been focused on rural areas, migration to Peru’s capital, Lima, has resulted in the dramatic growth of informal settlements. Little is known about food security in these areas and how food security relates to community characteristics. Methods: This study was a food security assessment of 43 households in one informal settlement 30 km north of central Lima. We tested the hypothesis that residents with greater social capital, measured by trust, norms, and social networks, experience less severe food insecurity than those with lower social capital. We also examined the relationship between food insecurity and body size in mothers and their children 2-10 years old. Results: Eighty-eight percent of households experienced some level of food insecurity and 35% were severely insecure. Structural social capital was significantly (p=0.03) associated with food insecurity, however, the directionality was the opposite as hypothesized; greater social capital was associated with greater food insecurity. We also found that 64% of mothers and 36% of children were overweight or obese. Food insecurity was not significantly associated with overweight or obesity in children (p=0.12) but there was a trend toward increased odds of overweight or obesity in children in households with greater food insecurity. Food insecurity was not a strong predictor of overweight and obesity in mothers, however, there was a significant association (p=0.05) between the length of time living in the community and the odds of overweight or obesity. Discussion: Food insecurity is a significant issue in this community. The association between food insecurity and social capital may be a product of the survey tool; perhaps needier households have greater involvement in groups and seek help from individuals to address their needs. An alternative explanation is that households with greater social capital stretch their resources more thinly due to obligations to their social networks. While the association between food insecurity and overweight and obesity in this sample was weak, the association between overweight and obesity and length of time in the community may suggest that urban informal settlements are “obesogenic,” and lead to an increased risk of chronic disease. Food security and nutrition policy and programs that are community-driven and mobilize local assets, like income-generating projects and urban agriculture, are needed to address these complex issues.
Author: Taryn Schubert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Abstract: The objective of this study was to gather information on food security and household food diversity in the department of Ayacucho, Peru. Information was gathered in the markets of Ayacucho, the central city of the department, as well as gathered in Macachaba, a rural area outside of the city of Ayacucho. I proposed to examine the food security in each location and determine how food security correlates with household food diversity in both of the individual areas. The group interviewed in the city of Ayacucho (n = 7) is in one of the lower economic classes within the city, but they are from a higher economic class than those interviewed in Macachaba (n = 11). However, Macachaba went through a CARE program to improve the amount and diversity of food available to them. By comparing the two groups I planned to measure the success of the CARE program in order to estimate the possible success of a similar program if conducted in the areas surrounding Macachaba.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251305722
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
New evidence this year corroborates the rise in world hunger observed in this report last year, sending a warning that more action is needed if we aspire to end world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. Updated estimates show the number of people who suffer from hunger has been growing over the past three years, returning to prevailing levels from almost a decade ago. Although progress continues to be made in reducing child stunting, over 22 percent of children under five years of age are still affected. Other forms of malnutrition are also growing: adult obesity continues to increase in countries irrespective of their income levels, and many countries are coping with multiple forms of malnutrition at the same time – overweight and obesity, as well as anaemia in women, and child stunting and wasting.
Author: Heinz-Ulrich Thimm
Publisher: Lit Verlag
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture and state
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
Author: Karl S. Zimmerer
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262549697
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 403
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Book Description
Experts discuss the challenges faced in agrobiodiversity and conservation, integrating disciplines that range from plant and biological sciences to economics and political science. Wide-ranging environmental phenomena—including climate change, extreme weather events, and soil and water availability—combine with such socioeconomic factors as food policies, dietary preferences, and market forces to affect agriculture and food production systems on local, national, and global scales. The increasing simplification of food systems, the continuing decline of plant species, and the ongoing spread of pests and disease threaten biodiversity in agriculture as well as the sustainability of food resources. Complicating the situation further, the multiple systems involved—cultural, economic, environmental, institutional, and technological—are driven by human decision making, which is inevitably informed by diverse knowledge systems. The interactions and linkages that emerge necessitate an integrated assessment if we are to make progress toward sustainable agriculture and food systems. This volume in the Strüngmann Forum Reports series offers insights into the challenges faced in agrobiodiversity and sustainability and proposes an integrative framework to guide future research, scholarship, policy, and practice. The contributors offer perspectives from a range of disciplines, including plant and biological sciences, food systems and nutrition, ecology, economics, plant and animal breeding, anthropology, political science, geography, law, and sociology. Topics covered include evolutionary ecology, food and human health, the governance of agrobiodiversity, and the interactions between agrobiodiversity and climate and demographic change.
Author: José Falconi Palomino
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Food relief
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Evaluates the extent to which social benefits have contributed to reducing poverty and vulnerability in specific population groups in Peru.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264257101
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
Food insecurity and malnutrition are major concerns, especially in rural areas. Globally, they have received considerable attention, but results have been mixed. To provide effective long-term solutions, policy responses must be tailored to the specific challenges of each territory.
Author: Ivica Petrikova
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1134835191
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 221
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Book Description
At the global level, international actors have repeatedly expressed their desire to end hunger and food insecurity. However, food insecurity has persisted. More analysis is hence needed on the link between continuously high levels of global food insecurity and the ever increasing flow of development aid. Global Food Security and Development Aid investigates the impact that development aid has had on food security in developing countries and includes international case studies on Peru, Ethiopia, India and Vietnam. It examines the effect of development aid in general and the impact of aid divided into different categories based on donor, mechanism and sector to which it is provided. In each examined relationship between aid and food security, particular attention is paid to the potentially intervening role played by the quality of national and/or local governance. The book makes policy recommendations, most importantly that donors should take greater care in considering which types of aid are suitable to which specific countries, localities, and development goals, and account for expected developments in the complex relationship between aid, food security, and governance. This book will be of considerable interest to students, researchers and policy-makers in the areas of development aid and food security.
Author: Ashutosh Varshney
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521646253
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
Several scholars have written about how authoritarian or democratic political systems affect industrialization in the developing countries. There is no literature, however, on whether democracy makes a difference to the power and well-being of the countryside. Using India as a case where the longest-surviving democracy of the developing world exists, this book investigates how the countryside uses the political system to advance its interests. It is first argued that India's countryside has become quite powerful in the political system, exerting remarkable pressure on economic policy. The countryside is typically weak in the early stages of development, becoming powerful when the size of the rural sector defies this historical trend. But an important constraint on rural power stems from the inability of economic interests to overpower the abiding, ascriptive identities, and until an economic construction of politics completely overpowers identities and non-economic interests, farmers' power, though greater than ever before, will remain self-limited.
