Fluorescence Studies of Polymer Association in Water and Droplet Coalescence in Polymer Blend Melts PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Languages : en
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Book Description
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Author: Olga Vorobyova
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN: 9780612536852
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 484
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Author: Olga Vorobyova
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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The first part of this thesis is a study of aqueous solutions of two associative polymers by pyrene fluorescent probe experiments. The polymers we studied are based on a linear monodisperse poly(ethylene oxide) of Mn = 35,000, with C16H33 and C18H37 end groups. The hydrophobic end groups of this polymer associate forming micelle-like structures, which serve as solubilization sites for the pyrene molecules. Fluorescence decay profiles of pyrene were fitted to the Poisson quenching model to obtain the fitting parameter n, the mean number of quenchers per micelle. From the values of n we calculated the end-group aggregation number NR over a range of polymer concentrations, from 0.1 to 17 wt.%. We found that the aggregation number increases with the polymer concentration. The second part of the thesis examines various aspects of latex blend films. The main component (90 wt.%) in the blend is a soft polymer PEHMA [poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate)]. The minor component (10 wt.%) is a harder polymer PBMA [poly(butyl methacrylate)], dispersed as 120 nm spheres in the PEHMA matrix. The PBMA particles were labeled with 1 mol.% of covalently bound fluorescent dyes, either phenanthrene or anthracene. We studied shear-induced coalescence in these blends, both 'in line', using a home-built Rheo-Fluo device consisting of a parallel plate rheometer and a fiber-optic assisted fluorescence detection system, and 'off line', using laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy. We evaluated the mean size and the width of the particle size distribution of the dispersed phase at various shear rates and found that the size first increases (after 1 hour of shearing) and then decreases (after 10 hours). Comparison with the results obtained under quiescent conditions indicated that shear is highly efficient in promoting coalescence. We also studied the effects of the film preparation conditions on the morphology of the newly formed films and found that in the presence of the surfactant SDS (2 wt.%) the PBMA particles flocculate forming network-like structures. When the surfactant is removed from the dispersion by ion exchange, the blend morphology is uniform. Finally, we evaluated the interface thickness 8 between PBMA and PEHMA using the nonradiative energy transfer method.
Author: Karel Procházka
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319267884
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
This volume describes the application of fluorescence spectroscopy in polymer research. The first chapters outline the basic principles of the conformational and dynamic behavior of polymers and review the problems of polymer self-assembly. Subsequent chapters introduce the theoretical principles of advanced fluorescence methods and typical examples of their application in polymer science. The book closes with several reviews of various fluorescence applications for studying specific aspects of polymer-solution behavior. It is a useful resource for polymer scientists and experts in fluorescence spectroscopy alike, facilitating their communication and cooperation.
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Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 810
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Author: Sabu Thomas
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527331530
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 972
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Book Description
Filling the gap for a reference dedicated to the characterization of polymer blends and their micro and nano morphologies, this book provides comprehensive, systematic coverage in a one-stop, two-volume resource for all those working in the field. Leading researchers from industry and academia, as well as from government and private research institutions around the world summarize recent technical advances in chapters devoted to their individual contributions. In so doing, they examine a wide range of modern characterization techniques, from microscopy and spectroscopy to diffraction, thermal analysis, rheology, mechanical measurements and chromatography. These methods are compared with each other to assist in determining the best solution for both fundamental and applied problems, paying attention to the characterization of nanoscale miscibility and interfaces, both in blends involving copolymers and in immiscible blends. The thermodynamics, miscibility, phase separation, morphology and interfaces in polymer blends are also discussed in light of new insights involving the nanoscopic scale. Finally, the authors detail the processing-morphology-property relationships of polymer blends, as well as the influence of processing on the generation of micro and nano morphologies, and the dependence of these morphologies on the properties of blends. Hot topics such as compatibilization through nanoparticles, miscibility of new biopolymers and nanoscale investigations of interfaces in blends are also addressed. With its application-oriented approach, handpicked selection of topics and expert contributors, this is an outstanding survey for anyone involved in the field of polymer blends for advanced technologies.
Author: Peter A. Williams
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470994193
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Natural and synthetic water soluble polymers are used in a wide range of familiar industrial and consumer products, including coatings and inks, papers, adhesives, cosmetics and personal care products. They perform a variety of functions without which these products would be significantly more expensive, less effective or both. Written for research, development and formulation chemists, technologists and engineers at graduate level and beyond in the fine and specialty chemicals, polymers, food and pharmaceutical industries, the Handbook of Industrial Water Soluble Polymers deals specifically with the functional properties of both natural and synthetic water soluble polymers. By taking a function based approach, rather than a “polymer specific” approach the book illustrates how polymer structure leads to effect, and shows how different polymer types can be employed to achieve appropriate product properties.
Author: American Chemical Society. Committee on Professional Training
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biochemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 1932
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Book Description
Faculties, publications and doctoral theses in departments or divisions of chemistry, chemical engineering, biochemistry and pharmaceutical and/or medicinal chemistry at universities in the United States and Canada.
Author: Rodney Priestley
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1788014170
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
Academic and industrial research around polymer-based colloids is huge, driven both by the development of mature technologies, e.g. latexes for coatings, as well as the advancement of new materials and applications, such as building blocks for 2D/3D structures and medicine. Edited by two world-renowned leaders in polymer science and engineering, this is a fundamental text for the field. Based on a specialised course by the editors, this book provides the reader with an invaluable single source of reference. The first section describes formation, explaining basic properties of emulsions and dispersion polymerization, microfluidic approaches to produce polymer-based colloids and formation via directed self-assembly. The next section details characterisation methodologies from microscopy and small angle scattering, to surface science and simulations. The final chapters close with applications, including Pickering emulsions and molecular engineering for materials development. A comprehensive guide to polymer colloids, with contributions by leaders in their respective areas, this book is a must-have for researchers and practitioners working across polymers, soft matter and chemical and molecular engineering.
Author: Richard G Jones
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1847559425
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 465
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Book Description
The IUPAC system of polymer nomenclature has aided the generation of unambiguous names that re ect the historical development of chemistry. However, the explosion in the circulation of information and the globalization of human activities mean that it is now necessary to have a common language for use in legal situations, patents, export-import regulations, and environmental health and safety information. Rather than recommending a ‘unique name’ for each structure, rules have been developed for assigning ‘preferred IUPAC names’, while continuing to allow alternatives in order to preserve the diversity and adaptability of nomenclature. Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature is the only publication to collect the most important work on this subject into a single volume. It serves as a handy compendium for scientists and removes the need for time consuming literature searches. One of a series issued by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), it covers the terminology used in many and varied aspects of polymer science as well as the nomenclature of several di erent types of polymer including regular and irregular single-strand organic polymers, copolymers and regular double-strand (ladder and spiro) organic polymers.
