Factors Influencing the Adoption of Timber Bridges PDF Download
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Author: Robert L. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wooden bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Author: Robert L. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wooden bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Author: Robert L. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest products industry
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: Robert L. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wooden bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Robert L. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wooden bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest products industry
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Author: Wood in Transportation National Information Center
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wood
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
Author: Michael A. Ritter
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781410221919
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
Timber's strength, light weight, and energy-absorbing properties furnish features desirable for bridge construction. Timber is capable of supporting short-term overloads without adverse effects. Contrary to popular belief, large wood members provide good fire resistance qualities that meet or exceed those of other materials in severe fire exposures. From an economic standpoint, wood is competitive with other materials on a first-cost basis and shows advantages when life cycle costs are compared. Timber bridges can be constructed in virtually any weather conditions, without detriment to the material. Wood is not damaged by continuous freezing and thawing and resists harmful effects of de-icing agents, which cause deterioration in other bridge materials. Timber bridges do not require special equipment for installation and can normally be constructed without highly skilled labor. They also present a natural and aesthetically pleasing appearance, particularly in natural surroundings. The misconception that wood provides a short service life has plagued timber as a construction material. Although wood is susceptible to decay or insect attack under specific conditions, it is inherently a very durable material when protected from moisture. Many covered bridges built during the 19th century have lasted over 100 years because they were protected from direct exposure to the elements. In modem applications, it is seldom practical or economical to cover bridges; however, the use of wood preservatives has extended the life of wood used in exposed bridge applications. Using modem application techniques and preservative chemicals, wood can now be effectively protected from deterioration for periods of 50 years or longer. In addition, wood treated with preservatives requires little maintenance and no painting. Another misconception about wood as a bridge material is that its use is limited to minor structures of no appreciable size. This belief is probably based on the fact that trees for commercial timber are limited in size and are normally harvested before they reach maximum size. Although tree diameter limits the size of sawn lumber, the advent of glued-laminated timber (glulam) some 40 years ago provided designers with several compensating alternatives. Glulam, which is the most widely used modem timber bridge material, is manufactured by bonding sawn lumber laminations together with waterproof structural adhesives. Thus, glulam members are virtually unlimited in depth, width, and length and can be manufactured in a wide range of shapes. Glulam provides higher design strengths than sawn lumber and provides better utilization of the available timber resource by permitting the manufacture of large wood structural elements from smaller lumber sizes. Technological advances in laminating over the past four decades have further increased the suitability and performance of wood for modern highway bridge applications.
Author: John Burrows
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest products industry
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Author: Alyssa E. Schorer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Many timber trestle railroad bridges in Wisconsin have experienced deterioration and are in need of rehabilitation. In addition, the railroad industry is increasing the weights of cars. The combined effect of heavier loads and deterioration threatens to cut short the service life of timber bridges. One of the most critical problems that has been identified was the overloading of timber piles in bridges, which can be remedied by creating a stiffer pile cap. The goal of this investigation was to show that mechanically fastened fiber reinforced polymer (MFFRP) strips fastened to timber with screws can be used to create composite action between two beams in flexure or truss action between two deep beams. Ultimately this may help redistribute the loads to piles when FRP strips are used as struts on cap beams over short spans. Several test series were conducted with beams in flexure, deep beams over short spans, and full scale specimens to determine the manner in which FRP strips improved the members' performance. Tests were conducted over various widths of beams and lengths of spans to investigate how the geometry affected the strengthening's action improved load distribution to piles. Mechanically fastened FRP strips were found to be effective in developing composite action in slender beams in flexure, meaning the stiffness of the system was increased by using MF-FRP strips. This MF-FRP method showed great potential for creating composite, stiffer double pile caps.
Author: Peng, Ng Foong
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1668482541
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 553
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Book Description
There is an urgent need to emphasize inclusivity in architecture and the built environment. Innovative technologies within the field of architecture are being developed to enhance inclusivity in architectural approaches and development processes. It is essential to research inclusivity in architecture and the built environment toward holistic sustainable development. The Handbook of Research on Inclusive and Innovative Architecture and the Built Environment discusses inclusive and innovative approaches to providing socio-cultural value within architecture and the built environment. It focuses on issues of diversity, sustainability, resilient designs, and more. Further, the book expands the knowledge and awareness of architecture and the built environment towards inclusivity in design development and emerging advanced technology. Covering topics such as architectural challenges, global health, and urban morphology, this major reference work is an excellent resource for architects, government officials, urban planners, practitioners, students and educators of higher education, researchers, and academicians.
