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Author: Joseph Angelo
Publisher: Infobase Holdings, Inc
ISBN: 1438195834
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Extreme States of Matter, Revised Edition takes the reader on a journey across the most exciting scientific frontiers of the 21st century. Supported by full-color illustrations, this reference describes the unusual characteristics and properties of matter at extreme states. Such extreme states include matter at exceptionally high temperatures, exceptionally low temperatures, incredibly high pressures, intense magnetic fields, and intense gravitational fields. Readers will explore how the properties and characteristics of extreme-state matter might influence the course of human civilization in this century in this up-to-date reference edition. Chapters include: An Initial Look at Matter Nearing Extreme Conditions Birth of the Universe Atomism Very Hot Matter Life Cycles of Stars The Dark Side of the Universe Very Cold Matter Antimatter Beyond Einstein Living and Thinking Matter.
Author: Joseph Angelo
Publisher: Infobase Holdings, Inc
ISBN: 1438195834
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 248
Get Book Here
Book Description
Extreme States of Matter, Revised Edition takes the reader on a journey across the most exciting scientific frontiers of the 21st century. Supported by full-color illustrations, this reference describes the unusual characteristics and properties of matter at extreme states. Such extreme states include matter at exceptionally high temperatures, exceptionally low temperatures, incredibly high pressures, intense magnetic fields, and intense gravitational fields. Readers will explore how the properties and characteristics of extreme-state matter might influence the course of human civilization in this century in this up-to-date reference edition. Chapters include: An Initial Look at Matter Nearing Extreme Conditions Birth of the Universe Atomism Very Hot Matter Life Cycles of Stars The Dark Side of the Universe Very Cold Matter Antimatter Beyond Einstein Living and Thinking Matter.
Author: Vladimir E. Fortov
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319189530
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 714
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Book Description
With its many beautiful colour pictures, this book gives fascinating insights into the unusual forms and behaviour of matter under extremely high pressures and temperatures. These extreme states are generated, among other things, by strong shock, detonation and electric explosion waves, dense laser beams, electron and ion beams, hypersonic entry of spacecraft into dense atmospheres of planets and in many other situations characterized by extremely high pressures and temperatures. Written by one of the world's foremost experts on the topic, this book will inform and fascinate all scientists dealing with materials properties and physics and also serve as an excellent introduction to plasma-, shock-wave and high-energy-density physics for students and newcomers seeking an overview. This second edition is thoroughly revised and expanded, in particular with new material on high energy-density physics, nuclear explosions and other nuclear transformation processes.
Author: Helmut Satz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642239080
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
The thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter has become a profound and challenging area of modern physics, both in theory and in experiment. Statistical quantum chromodynamics, through analytical as well as numerical studies, provides the main theoretical tool, while in experiment, high-energy nuclear collisions are the key for extensive laboratory investigations. The field therefore straddles statistical, particle and nuclear physics, both conceptually and in the methods of investigation used. This course-tested primer addresses above all the many young scientists starting their scientific research in this field, providing them with a general, self-contained introduction that emphasizes in particular the basic concepts and ideas, with the aim of explaining why we do what we do. To achieve this goal, the present text concentrates mainly on equilibrium thermodynamics: first, the fundamental ideas of strong interaction thermodynamics are introduced and then the main concepts and methods used in the study of the physics of complex systems are summarized. Subsequently, simplified phenomenological pictures, leading to critical behavior in hadronic matter and to hadron-quark phase transitions are introduced, followed by elements of finite-temperature lattice QCD leading to the important results obtained in computer simulation studies of the lattice approach. Next, the relation of the resulting critical behavior to symmetry breaking/restoration in QCD is clarified before the text turns to the study of the QCD phase diagram. The presentation of bulk equilibrium thermodynamics is completed by studying the properties of the quark-gluon plasma as new state of strongly interacting matter. The final chapters of the book are devoted to more specific topics which arise when nuclear collisions are considered as a tool for the experimental study of QCD thermodynamics.
Author: Helmut Satz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642239072
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
The thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter has become a profound and challenging area of modern physics, both in theory and in experiment. Statistical quantum chromodynamics, through analytical as well as numerical studies, provides the main theoretical tool, while in experiment, high-energy nuclear collisions are the key for extensive laboratory investigations. The field therefore straddles statistical, particle and nuclear physics, both conceptually and in the methods of investigation used. This course-tested primer addresses above all the many young scientists starting their scientific research in this field, providing them with a general, self-contained introduction that emphasizes in particular the basic concepts and ideas, with the aim of explaining why we do what we do. To achieve this goal, the present text concentrates mainly on equilibrium thermodynamics: first, the fundamental ideas of strong interaction thermodynamics are introduced and then the main concepts and methods used in the study of the physics of complex systems are summarized. Subsequently, simplified phenomenological pictures, leading to critical behavior in hadronic matter and to hadron-quark phase transitions are introduced, followed by elements of finite-temperature lattice QCD leading to the important results obtained in computer simulation studies of the lattice approach. Next, the relation of the resulting critical behavior to symmetry breaking/restoration in QCD is clarified before the text turns to the study of the QCD phase diagram. The presentation of bulk equilibrium thermodynamics is completed by studying the properties of the quark-gluon plasma as new state of strongly interacting matter. The final chapters of the book are devoted to more specific topics which arise when nuclear collisions are considered as a tool for the experimental study of QCD thermodynamics.
Author: Werner Ebeling
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319666371
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 571
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Book Description
The aim of this book is the pedagogical exploration of the basic principles of quantum-statistical thermodynamics as applied to various states of matter – ranging from rare gases to astrophysical matter with high-energy density. The reader will learn in this work that thermodynamics and quantum statistics are still the concepts on which even the most advanced research is operating - despite of a flood of modern concepts, classical entities like temperature, pressure, energy and entropy are shown to remain fundamental. The physics of gases, plasmas and high-energy density matter is still a growing field and even though solids and liquids dominate our daily life, more than 99 percent of the visible Universe is in the state of gases and plasmas and the overwhelming part of matter exists at extreme conditions connected with very large energy densities, such as in the interior of stars. This text, combining material from lectures and advanced seminars given by the authors over many decades, is a must-have introduction and reference for both newcomers and seasoned researchers alike.
Author: Vladimr E Fortov
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814749214
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 569
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Book Description
The monograph presents a comparative analysis of different thermodynamic models of the equations of state. The basic ideological premises of the theoretical methods and the experiment are considered. The principal attention is on the description of states that are of greatest interest for the physics of high energy concentrations which are either already attained or can be reached in the near future in controlled terrestrial conditions, or are realized in astrophysical objects at different stages of their evolution. Ultra-extreme astrophysical and nuclear-physical applications are also analyzed where the thermodynamics of matter is affected substantially by relativism, high-power gravitational and magnetic fields, thermal radiation, transformation of nuclear particles, nucleon neutronization, and quark deconfinement. The book is intended for a wide range of specialists engaged in the study of the equations of state of matter and high energy density physics, as well as for senior students and postgraduates.
Author: W. J. Nellis
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521519179
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 169
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Book Description
This book clearly explains the processes of making ultracondensed matter using dynamic compression, and provides an overview of research in this field.
Author: Jeff Colvin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107019672
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 419
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Book Description
Emphasising computational modeling, this introduction to the physics on matter at extreme conditions is invaluable for researchers and graduate students.
Author: Jerry W Forbes
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642325351
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
This book introduces the core concepts of the shock wave physics of condensed matter, taking a continuum mechanics approach to examine liquids and isotropic solids. The text primarily focuses on one-dimensional uniaxial compression in order to show the key features of condensed matter’s response to shock wave loading. The first four chapters are specifically designed to quickly familiarize physical scientists and engineers with how shock waves interact with other shock waves or material boundaries, as well as to allow readers to better understand shock wave literature, use basic data analysis techniques, and design simple 1-D shock wave experiments. This is achieved by first presenting the steady one-dimensional strain conservation laws using shock wave impedance matching, which insures conservation of mass, momentum and energy. Here, the initial emphasis is on the meaning of shock wave and mass velocities in a laboratory coordinate system. An overview of basic experimental techniques for measuring pressure, shock velocity, mass velocity, compression and internal energy of steady 1-D shock waves is then presented. In the second part of the book, more advanced topics are progressively introduced: thermodynamic surfaces are used to describe equilibrium flow behavior, first-order Maxwell solid models are used to describe time-dependent flow behavior, descriptions of detonation shock waves in ideal and non-ideal explosives are provided, and lastly, a select group of current issues in shock wave physics are discussed in the final chapter.
Author: Neil Bourne
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107023750
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 541
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Book Description
This book explores the underlying principles of materials under extreme pressures, providing a toolbox for assessing/predicting their behaviour in real-world applications.
