Author: Brie Ashley Moore
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109966008
Category : Obesity in children
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is widely recognized as one of the most challenging diseases to treat (Barlow & Dietz, 1998). Current approaches have had little impact on rising prevalence rates. A review of the literature revealed that existing models are limited by an assumption that families enter treatment with the requisite motivation and skills to successfully engage in long-term health behavior change (Moore & O'Donohue, 2004). This assumption has led to the adoption of a unipartite model that lacks attention to individual differences in treatment readiness (Rollnick & Miller, 1995), self-control (Rachlin, 2000) and relapse prevention skills (Parks & Marlatt, 2000); variables directly related to treatment engagement, adherence, and positive health outcomes. Existing models have also failed to provide sufficient attention to issues of cost, scalability, and dissemination. By adopting a disseminable, skills-based approach, programs may reduce attrition and relapse rates, improve treatment adherence and efficacy, and facilitate the efficient and economical provision of care (Rosenbaum & Liebel, 1998). The purpose of the present research was to develop the quadripartite FIT WEB Program and evaluate this program via a randomized, controlled feasibility trial. Thirty families with an identified at-risk or overweight 6- to 12-year-old child (BMI ≥ 75th percentile for age and sex) were randomly assigned to FIT WEB or the American Academy of Pediatrics web-based educational control group. Health status, skill repertoires, and health promotion behavior were measured at baseline and 6-week follow-up. Results indicated that this intervention experienced a high rate of attrition, produced stability in health status and modest improvement in health promotion behavior and weight management knowledge. However, these findings must be interpreted cautiously due to the small sample size and short assessment period. The problems of attrition and adherence in pediatric obesity treatment are noteworthy.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 810
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Book Description
Author: Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309283140
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 503
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Book Description
Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309149894
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
To battle the obesity epidemic in America, health care professionals and policymakers need relevant, useful data on the effectiveness of obesity prevention policies and programs. Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention identifies a new approach to decision making and research on obesity prevention to use a systems perspective to gain a broader understanding of the context of obesity and the many factors that influence it.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Obesity
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Hypertension and its resultant complications do occur in childhood and track into adulthood. It's estimated that > 3% of all children have hypertension, with an even greater prevalence among obese children (20-47%). The etiology of hypertension is generally described as primary (essential) or secondary with most secondary causes related to cardio-renal disease. While primary hypertension is on the rise, all children should undergo an evaluation to investigate for a secondary cause of their hypertension. Mild to moderate hypertension is most commonly asymptomatic but may be associated with subtle cardiac, renal, neurological and/or psychosocial.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133408
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 435
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Book Description
Children's health has made tremendous strides over the past century. In general, life expectancy has increased by more than thirty years since 1900 and much of this improvement is due to the reduction of infant and early childhood mortality. Given this trajectory toward a healthier childhood, we begin the 21st-century with a shocking developmentâ€"an epidemic of obesity in children and youth. The increased number of obese children throughout the U.S. during the past 25 years has led policymakers to rank it as one of the most critical public health threats of the 21st-century. Preventing Childhood Obesity provides a broad-based examination of the nature, extent, and consequences of obesity in U.S. children and youth, including the social, environmental, medical, and dietary factors responsible for its increased prevalence. The book also offers a prevention-oriented action plan that identifies the most promising array of short-term and longer-term interventions, as well as recommendations for the roles and responsibilities of numerous stakeholders in various sectors of society to reduce its future occurrence. Preventing Childhood Obesity explores the underlying causes of this serious health problem and the actions needed to initiate, support, and sustain the societal and lifestyle changes that can reverse the trend among our children and youth.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309324882
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 587
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Book Description
Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.
Author: Michael Freemark
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1603278745
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 473
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Book Description
Childhood obesity and its co-morbidities -- including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, and fatty liver disease -- have seen striking increases in recent years. Despite a wealth of investigation, there is considerable controversy regarding the etiology of childhood obesity and the optimal approaches for prevention and treatment. Pediatric Obesity: Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment addresses the controversy with a range of features that make it a unique resource for those who care for obese children and their families. Written from a perspective that is international in scope, the distinguished authors re-assess the roles of genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of childhood obesity and critically review new studies of the effects of lifestyle, pharmacologic, and surgical interventions. The evidence-based approach of Pediatric Obesity: Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment provides a comprehensive and invaluable guide for all healthcare providers concerned with the evaluation and care of children with nutritional and metabolic disease and with the societal implications of the obesity epidemic.
Author: Transportation Research Board
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 0309094984
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
TRB Special Report 282: Does the Built Environment Influence Physical Activity? Examining the Evidence reviews the broad trends affecting the relationships among physical activity, health, transportation, and land use; summarizes what is known about these relationships, including the strength and magnitude of any causal connections; examines implications for policy; and recommends priorities for future research.
