Author: Food and Nutrition Board
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309376952
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
Recent scientific evidence points to the origins of childhood obesity as an outcome of the dynamic interplay of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors throughout early development, with a compelling body of evidence suggesting that both maternal and paternal nutritional and other exposures affect a child's risk of later obesity. The burgeoning field of epigenetics has led researchers to speculate that many of the observed associations between early developmental exposures and later risk of childhood obesity are mediated, at least in part, through epigenetic mechanisms. To explore the body of evolving science that examines the nexus of biology, environment, and developmental stage on risk of childhood obesity, the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council convened a workshop in February 2015. The workshop focused on the prenatal period, infancy, and early childhood and addressed evidence from both animal and human studies. Workshop objectives were to (1) identify epigenetic-mediated relationships between exposure to risk factors during sensitive periods of development (gestation through age 3) and subsequent obesity-related outcomes; (2) explore the science around periods of plasticity and potential reversibility of obesity risk in the context of early childhood development; and (3) examine the translation of epigenetic science to guide early childhood obesity prevention and intervention to reduce obesity risk. This report summarizes the information presented and discussed at the workshop.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030937698X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Recent scientific evidence points to the origins of childhood obesity as an outcome of the dynamic interplay of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors throughout early development, with a compelling body of evidence suggesting that both maternal and paternal nutritional and other exposures affect a child's risk of later obesity. The burgeoning field of epigenetics has led researchers to speculate that many of the observed associations between early developmental exposures and later risk of childhood obesity are mediated, at least in part, through epigenetic mechanisms. To explore the body of evolving science that examines the nexus of biology, environment, and developmental stage on risk of childhood obesity, the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council convened a workshop in February 2015. The workshop focused on the prenatal period, infancy, and early childhood and addressed evidence from both animal and human studies. Workshop objectives were to (1) identify epigenetic-mediated relationships between exposure to risk factors during sensitive periods of development (gestation through age 3) and subsequent obesity-related outcomes; (2) explore the science around periods of plasticity and potential reversibility of obesity risk in the context of early childhood development; and (3) examine the translation of epigenetic science to guide early childhood obesity prevention and intervention to reduce obesity risk. This report summarizes the information presented and discussed at the workshop.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309439248
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 115
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Book Description
Among the many troubling aspects of the rising prevalence of obesity in the United States and elsewhere in recent years, the growth of early childhood overweight and obesity stands out. To explore what is known about effective and innovative interventions to counter obesity in young children, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on Obesity Solutions held a workshop in October 2015. The workshop brought together many of the leading researchers on obesity in young children to describe the state of the science and potential solutions based on that research. Participants explored sustainable collaborations and new insights into the implementation of interventions and policies, particularly those related to nutrition and physical activity, for the treatment and prevention of obesity in young children. Obesity in the Early Childhood Years summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author: Claudine Burton-Jeangros
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331920484X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 213
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Book Description
This open access book examines health trajectories and health transitions at different stages of the life course, including childhood, adulthood and later life. It provides findings that assess the role of biological and social transitions on health status over time. The essays examine a wide range of health issues, including the consequences of military service on body mass index, childhood obesity and cardiovascular health, socio-economic inequalities in preventive health care use, depression and anxiety during the child rearing period, health trajectories and transitions in people with cystic fibrosis and oral health over the life course. The book addresses theoretical, empirical and methodological issues as well as examines different national contexts, which help to identify factors of vulnerability and potential resources that support resilience available for specific groups and/or populations. Health reflects the ability of individuals to adapt to their social environment. This book analyzes health as a dynamic experience. It examines how different aspects of individual health unfold over time as a result of aging but also in relation to changing socioeconomic conditions. It also offers readers potential insights into public policies that affect the health status of a population.
Author: Patti R. Rose
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN: 1284220788
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 341
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Book Description
The second Edition of this forward-thinking text goes beyond the discussion of health disparities to highlight the importance of health equity. As the title suggests, Health Equity, Diversity and Inclusion: Contexts, Controversies, and Solutions helps the reader understand key social justice issues relevant to health disparities and/or health equity, taking the reader from the classroom to the real world to implement new solutions. The new Second Edition features: • Two new chapters: one on the impact of urban education on urban health and another covering the elderly and health equity •Updated and enhanced coverage on men’s health, demographic data, the importance of cultural proficiency, maternal mortality and Black women, and much more. • Current trends and movements, including the role of social media in the provision of health care information for improved health literacy; mass incarceration and criminal justice reform; and much more.
Author: Elissa Jelalian
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387769242
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 499
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Book Description
Now, in one comprehensive, easy-to-access volume, this essential handbook lays bare the scope of the growing problem of childhood and adolescent obesity. It goes further, too, examining the impact of the epidemic in terms of its psychological burden, its health consequences, and the available prevention and treatment options. Editors Jelalian and Steele have ensured that the chapters utilize the most up-to-date empirical and clinical knowledge available. This volume provides readers not only raw data, but also a framework for translating findings into effective, efficient practice – assessment, treatment, and prevention. It will be required reading for a host of professionals, from psychologists to social workers and medical practitioners.
Author: Karen Duderstadt
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 032347649X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 386
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Book Description
Known for its accuracy, consistency, and portability, Pediatric Physical Examination: An Illustrated Handbook, 3rd Edition teaches the unique range of skills needed to assess children of all ages. Spiral-bound for quick reference in clinical settings, this photo-rich, step-by-step guide to physical examination for advanced practice providers prepares you to expertly examine children from birth through adolescence. Body system chapters begin with fetal development and take you through the key developmental stages of childhood. For infants and young children, Duderstadt uses the quiet-to-active approach favored by pediatric experts and considered more effective for this age-group than the traditional head-to-toe approach used for adults. This edition features a new chapter on newborn physical examination, expanded coverage of skin conditions and new Red Flag highlights that help you recognize high-priority health issues. Expert guidance for the pediatric exam employs the quiet-to-active approach to the examination and assessment of infants — including preterm infants — and young children. This pediatric assessment approach, which starts with listening and moves on to touching, yields the best results in this age group. Richly illustrated in full color to help facilitate learning, with more than 300 photos and drawings that familiarize you with assessment techniques and common assessment findings. Easy-to-use two-column format provides quick access to concise guidance for the pediatric physical exam. Quick-reference special features, including: Information Gathering tables highlight questions and data needed from the patient/guardian, with questions conveniently separated by age group, to guide history-taking. Concise Conditions tables summarize common abnormal findings for each examination area. Pediatric Pearls highlight effective physical examination findings and techniques gleaned from years of expert practice. Family, Cultural, and Racial Considerations sections address the increasingly important areas of family and cultural assessment to prepare you for differences to anticipate when assessing children of various cultural or racial groups. Evidence-Based Practice Tips highlight useful research findings that guide clinical practice. Bulleted Summary of Examination lists at the end of each examination chapter highlight key assessment points associated with each body system and serve as a convenient learning aid and quick reference. End-of-chapter Charting examples demonstrate how to record physical examination findings in the health record and familiarize you with documentation language and format. Convenient spiral binding lets you lay the book flat or fold it back for easy visualization and quick reference in clinical settings.
Author: Ellen M. Chiocca, PhD, CPNP, RNC-NIC
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 0826150217
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 617
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Book Description
Underscores the unique health needs of children at different ages and developmental stages This is the only text/reference book to deliver the specialized knowledge and skills needed to accurately assess children during health and illness. Comprehensive and detailed, it emphasizes the unique anatomic and physiologic differences among infants, children, and adults. The third edition features updated clinical practice guidelines, clinical decision-making, formulating differential diagnoses, and evidence-based practice. It newly addresses toxic stress and trauma-informed care and child witnesses to violent acts. Additionally, the book provides several new features facilitating quick access to key information along with new instructor and student resources. Using a body system that highlights developmental and cultural considerations, the text examines the physical and psychosocial principles of growth and development with a focus on health promotion and wellness. Especially useful features include a detailed chapter on helpful communication techniques when assessing children of various ages and developmental levels, a chapter on the assessment of child abuse and neglect, over 280 photos and charts depicting a variety of commonly encountered pediatric findings, and sample medical record documentation in each chapter. New to the Third Edition: Now in full-color! Now includes NEW instructor resources (Power Points, Test Bank, 4-color Image Bank) Updated clinical practice guidelines Clinical decision making, formulating differential diagnoses, and evidence-based practice Immigrant and refugee health Toxic stress and trauma-informed care Child witnesses to violent acts Content outline at the beginning of each chapter Call-out boxes summarizing key information Summary boxes on essential areas of physical exams Key Features: Focuses exclusively on the health history and assessment of infants, children, and adolescents Describes the unique anatomic and physiologic differences among infants, children, and adults Provides comprehensive and in-depth information for APN students and new practitioners Addresses family, developmental, nutritional, and child mistreatment assessment Includes clinical practice guidelines for common medical conditions Incorporates up-to-date screening and health promotion guidelines
Author: Patti R. Rose
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN: 1284142787
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Despite the many Public Health successes over the last century, health disparity continues to exist in in American society. This introductory text addresses this topic head on, exploring steps that must be taken to prepare for the rapidly changing demographics in American society, including immigration reform (emerging majorities), and evidenced based information substantiating the fact that diversity matters in terms of the provision of health care.
Author: Brie Ashley Moore
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109966008
Category : Obesity in children
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is widely recognized as one of the most challenging diseases to treat (Barlow & Dietz, 1998). Current approaches have had little impact on rising prevalence rates. A review of the literature revealed that existing models are limited by an assumption that families enter treatment with the requisite motivation and skills to successfully engage in long-term health behavior change (Moore & O'Donohue, 2004). This assumption has led to the adoption of a unipartite model that lacks attention to individual differences in treatment readiness (Rollnick & Miller, 1995), self-control (Rachlin, 2000) and relapse prevention skills (Parks & Marlatt, 2000); variables directly related to treatment engagement, adherence, and positive health outcomes. Existing models have also failed to provide sufficient attention to issues of cost, scalability, and dissemination. By adopting a disseminable, skills-based approach, programs may reduce attrition and relapse rates, improve treatment adherence and efficacy, and facilitate the efficient and economical provision of care (Rosenbaum & Liebel, 1998). The purpose of the present research was to develop the quadripartite FIT WEB Program and evaluate this program via a randomized, controlled feasibility trial. Thirty families with an identified at-risk or overweight 6- to 12-year-old child (BMI ≥ 75th percentile for age and sex) were randomly assigned to FIT WEB or the American Academy of Pediatrics web-based educational control group. Health status, skill repertoires, and health promotion behavior were measured at baseline and 6-week follow-up. Results indicated that this intervention experienced a high rate of attrition, produced stability in health status and modest improvement in health promotion behavior and weight management knowledge. However, these findings must be interpreted cautiously due to the small sample size and short assessment period. The problems of attrition and adherence in pediatric obesity treatment are noteworthy.
