Evaluating Risk Assessment Approaches in Oil Spill Prevention Applications PDF Download
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Author: Nathan O. Siu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Oil spills
Languages : en
Pages : 73
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Book Description
Author: Nathan O. Siu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Oil spills
Languages : en
Pages : 73
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Book Description
Author: Cathrine Stephansen
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303070176X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 119
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Book Description
This open access book introduces readers to a new methodology for assessing the risks to the marine environment following accidental oil spills. The methodology will soon be implemented on the Norwegian Continental Shelf and will be complemented by guidelines for its use in a regulatory framework. The brief book is intended to provide international readers with a basic grasp of what the ERA Acute methodology consists of, what its applications are, and the underlying impact and restoration models used in its development. The content is divided into three main parts: an introduction and overview of risk management applications for generalists at the management level, a model overview for generalist scientists, and a more detailed final section for risk assessment professionals, which presents the results of the validation and sensitivity testing.
Author: International Maritime Organization
Publisher: IMO Publishing
ISBN: 9789280115123
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Manual on Oil Spill Risk Evaluation and Assessment of Response Preparedness, 2009 Edition. This Manual provides: information on oil spill risk evaluation and assessment for the development of preparedness and response; guidance for industry and governments, particularly those of developing countries, in assessing risk and the adequacy of contingency plans; and suggestions on how to resolve the potentially complex and varied issues of the assessment process
Author: Lee T. Ostrom
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118309634
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
All the tools needed to perform a thorough risk assessment whether you're working in insurance, forensics, engineering, or public safety Risk analysis is the method of analyzing the dangers to individuals, businesses, and government agencies posed by potential natural and man-made hazards. The central task of the risk assessor is predicting the success of a project. This includes isolating the entire spectrum of adverse events that can derail a project or threaten the health and safety of individuals, organizations, and the environment. Designed as a practical, in-the-field toolkit, Risk Assessment details every aspect of how a risk assessment is performed, showing the proper tool to be used at various steps in the process, as well as locating the tool that best fits the risk assessment task at hand. Examining not only the very nature of risks and consequences, with fascinating historical examples, the book progresses from simple to more complex risk assessment techniques used by the authors in their daily work, all presented in a form that can be readily adapted to any number of real-life situations: Ecological Risk Assessment Task Analysis Techniques Preliminary Hazards Analysis Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Human Reliability Analysis Critical Incident Technique Event Tree and Decision Tree Analysis Basic Fault Tree Analysis Technique Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) Vulnerability Analysis Technique Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods Used in Risk Assessment With numerous industry-specific case studies, as well as additional case studies for risk assessments for a restaurant and a process plant, the book provides readers with complete examples of how each of the techniques can be used in a variety of real-world situations. Including downloadable worksheets and other useful assessment materials, as well as guidance on using PRA software, this unparalleled reference offers all the tools and techniques needed to conduct a thorough and accurate assessment of risk.
Author: Arockiaraj S
Publisher: Mohammed Abdul Malik
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Environmental Sensitivity Indexing (ESI) and risk assessment are two critical components in the preparation and management of oil spills along coastal regions. In the event of an oil spill, quick and efficient response is necessary to mitigate the adverse impacts on the environment and human health. Accurate assessment of the potential risks and damages caused by oil spills is essential for effective management of the spill. ESI is a tool used to assess the sensitivity of an area to oil spills, taking into account the local environmental conditions, biological resources, and socio-economic factors. The ESI can be used to identify high-risk areas, such as sensitive habitats, critical infrastructure, and popular recreational areas. This information can be used to develop contingency plans, prioritize response efforts, and allocate resources in the event of a spill. Risk assessment is the process of evaluating the potential hazards and impacts of an oil spill on the environment and human health. This process takes into account the characteristics of the oil, the environmental conditions, and the socio-economic factors in the affected area. Risk assessments help to identify potential sources of pollution, evaluate the effectiveness of response strategies, and develop long-term monitoring plans to assess the impacts of the spill. Integrated modeling, remote sensing, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are valuable tools for conducting ESI and risk assessments for oil spills. Integrated modeling combines data from multiple sources to simulate the behavior of oil spills under various environmental conditions. Remote sensing technology can be used to detect and monitor oil spills, and GIS can be used to map the potential impacts of spills on coastal environments. In Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, ESI and risk assessment are crucial for managing the risk of oil spills along the coast. The region is home to several critical habitats, including mangroves, estuaries, and coral reefs, which are highly sensitive to oil pollution. The use of integrated modeling, remote sensing, and GIS can help to identify high-risk areas and develop effective response plans in the event of a spill. In conclusion, ESI and risk assessment are essential tools for managing the risk of oil spills along coastal regions. By identifying high-risk areas and evaluating potential impacts, ESI and risk assessment can help to mitigate the environmental and economic damages caused by oil spills. The use of integrated modeling, remote sensing, and GIS can improve the accuracy and effectiveness of ESI and risk assessment, enabling quick and efficient response in the event of a spill.
Author: JD Ross Leahy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
Oil spills and their prevention have been political issues in Washington State and the Puget Sound area since the Prudhoe Bay oil discoveries on Alaska's North Slope. In an attempt to improve both the process and outcome of oil spill prevention debates, risk assessment-based approaches have been used as a tool to inform spill prevention efforts since the early 1980s. Quantitative tools like risk assessment have a good reputation for clarifying the worth (in terms of risk reduction and cost) of policy choices available to policymakers. However, they are also criticized for being vulnerable to prevailing power imbalances and political influence. With these critiques in mind, this thesis looks at the history of oil spill prevention efforts in Puget Sound along with associated risk assessment efforts to determine the nature and extent of political influence on their structure and use. Guided by an expert-based information framework based on the Advocacy Coalition Framework, this thesis establishes the political context (policy subsystem) of oil spill prevention in the Puget Sound from 1975-2013 and relates it to the structure and use of selected risk assessments. Elite interviews and document review were used to describe and categorize the political context, as well as the structure and use of five Puget Sound-specific risk assessments developed during that time. I found that a largely adversarial policy subsystem dominated oil spill prevention policy in the Puget Sound from the 1970s until the mid to late 2000s, when the subsystem shows evidence of becoming more collaborative. The adversarial subsystem led to predominantly politicized use of risk assessment results, and also at times influenced the framing and structure of the risk assessments themselves. The collaborative policy subsystem's emergence is so recent that its influence is less clear, but it appears to be influencing risk assessment structure at present. The results suggest that risk assessments, though sometimes touted as a solution to contentious technical debates, may be less well suited to adversarial contexts than to collaborative contexts. These results are consistent with findings in the literature regarding the use of expert-based information in contested public policy decisions.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309478219
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 341
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Book Description
Whether the result of an oil well blowout, vessel collision or grounding, leaking pipeline, or other incident at sea, each marine oil spill will present unique circumstances and challenges. The oil type and properties, location, time of year, duration of spill, water depth, environmental conditions, affected biomes, potential human community impact, and available resources may vary significantly. Also, each spill may be governed by policy guidelines, such as those set forth in the National Response Plan, Regional Response Plans, or Area Contingency Plans. To respond effectively to the specific conditions presented during an oil spill, spill responders have used a variety of response optionsâ€"including mechanical recovery of oil using skimmers and booms, in situ burning of oil, monitored natural attenuation of oil, and dispersion of oil by chemical dispersants. Because each response method has advantages and disadvantages, it is important to understand specific scenarios where a net benefit may be achieved by using a particular tool or combination of tools. This report builds on two previous National Research Council reports on dispersant use to provide a current understanding of the state of science and to inform future marine oil spill response operations. The response to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill included an unprecedented use of dispersants via both surface application and subsea injection. The magnitude of the spill stimulated interest and funding for research on oil spill response, and dispersant use in particular. This study assesses the effects and efficacy of dispersants as an oil spill response tool and evaluates trade-offs associated with dispersant use.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Oil pollution of water
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Author: Oleg Makarynskyy
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128193549
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 386
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Book Description
Marine Hydrocarbon Spill Assessments: From Risk of Spill through to Probabilities Estimates describes the methods used for estimating hydrocarbon spill risks and the potential consequences. Throughout the book, mathematical methodologies and algorithms are included to aid the reader in the solving of applied tasks presented. Marine Hydrocarbon Spill Assessments: From Risk of Spill through to Probabilities Estimates provides a fundamental understanding of the oil properties and processes which determine the persistence and impacts of oils in the marine environment. It informs the reader of the current research in hydrocarbon spill assessments, starting from an assessment of a risk of a spill, and moving on to modelling approaches to impact assessments, laboratory toxicity assessments, field impact assessments and response options, and prevention and contingency planning. Identifies efficient solutions to protect coastal regions from the marine pollution of hydrocarbon spills Includes case studies examining and analyzing spills, providing lessons to prevent these in the future Covers the science of oil spills from risk analysis to cleanup and the effects on the environment
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309288487
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
As the Gulf of Mexico recovers from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, natural resource managers face the challenge of understanding the impacts of the spill and setting priorities for restoration work. The full value of losses resulting from the spill cannot be captured, however, without consideration of changes in ecosystem services-the benefits delivered to society through natural processes. An Ecosystem Services Approach to Assessing the Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico discusses the benefits and challenges associated with using an ecosystem services approach to damage assessment, describing potential impacts of response technologies, exploring the role of resilience, and offering suggestions for areas of future research. This report illustrates how this approach might be applied to coastal wetlands, fisheries, marine mammals, and the deep sea-each of which provide key ecosystem services in the Gulf-and identifies substantial differences among these case studies. The report also discusses the suite of technologies used in the spill response, including burning, skimming, and chemical dispersants, and their possible long-term impacts on ecosystem services.
