Evaluación económica del proyecto "Sistema Estratégico de Transporte Público de Pasajeros para la Ciudad de Pasto" PDF Download
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Languages : es
Pages : 38
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 38
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Category : Economic development projects
Languages : es
Pages : 139
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Author: José María Nieto Baltazár
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : es
Pages :
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De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos apuntamos que es factible diseñar una metodología de evaluación social para los proyectos de apoyo a la producción. En cuanto a las inversiones públicas en el sistema de caminos rurales se observa que los beneficios sociales que rinden superan a sus costos sociales por lo que socialmente son aceptables. En esta forma se verifican las hipótesis planteadas al principio de la investigación. Se considera que la estructura y conducción de la metodología aplicada, expone con claridad el sentido de el análisis, por lo que su extensión para analizar y decidir qué proyecto realizar, cuándo y en qué lugar, con inversiones del sector público, no representan mayor dificultad. La posibilidad de poder expresar en unidades económicas bien precisas la rentabilidad de un proyecto y su repercusión específica sobre determinados objetivos de prioridad e interés para las entidades responsables de la planificación nacional, confiere a este tipo de análisis cuantitativo un grado de confiabilidad que crece en la medida que los parámetros nacionales derivados de un plan de desarrollo tengan mayor coherencia y poder de predicción. El programa carretero es altamente rentable para los tres objetivos evaluados independientemente (excepto a la tasa de 30.0% y Pmo donde B=-0.0) al tener el VAN valores positivos, asimismo en forma agregada el rendimiento es bien satisfactorio para las mismas tasas de actualización. Dentro del rendimiento global el objetivo que mayormente contribuye es el de redistribución regional del ingreso a los tres niveles empleados para la tasa de descuento y el que menor repercusión tiene es el consumo global de acuerdo con el criterio del valor actual neto. El impacto del Pdiv sobre el rendimiento global de la inversión es notoriamente bajo, en realidad se ha utilizado este precio sombra sólo para hacer más completa la metodología de evaluación, sin embargo, tiene gran relevancia para otro tipo de proyectos. De acuerdo al análisis de sensibilidad el objetivo más afectado es el de consumo global que a la tasa de 18% reduce en 15.0% el valor de la REN. El conocimiento de la rentabilidad social de los caminos rurales debe influir positivamente para considerar la conveniencia de elevar las normas de su construcción.
Author: E. Valsami-Jones
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1843390019
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 681
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Phosphorus in Environmental Technology: Principles and Applications, provides a definitive and detailed presentation of state-of-the-art knowledge on the environmental behaviour of phosphorus and its applications to the treatment of waters and soils. Special attention is given to phosphorus removal for recovery technologies, a concept that has emerged over the past 5-6 years. The book features an all-encompassing approach: the fundamental science of phosphorus (chemistry, geochemistry, mineralogy, biology), key aspects of its environmental behaviour and mobility, industrial applications (treatment, removal, recovery) and the principles behind such applications, novel biotechnologies and, importantly, it also addresses socio-economic issues which often influence implementation and the ultimate success of any new technology. A detailed subject index helps the reader to find their way through the different scientific and technological aspects covered, making it an invaluable reference work for students, professionals and consultants dealing with phosphorus-related environmental technologies. State-of-the-art knowledge on the behaviour of phosphorus and its applications to environmental science and technology. Covers all aspects of phosphorus in the environment, engineered and biological systems; an interdisciplinary text.
Author: Linda Glover
Publisher: Island Press
ISBN: 1597267511
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
If humankind were given a mandate to do everything in our power to undermine the earth's functioning, we could hardly do a better job than we have in the past thirty years on the world's oceans, both by what we are putting into it-millions of tons of trash and toxic materials-and by what we are taking out of it-millions of tons of wildlife. Yet only recently have we begun to understand the scale of those impacts. Defying Ocean's End is the result of an unprecedented effort among the world's largest environmental organizations, scientists, the business community, media, and international governments to address these marine issues. In June 2003, in the culmination of a year-long effort, they met specifically to develop a comprehensive and achievable agenda to reverse the decline in health of the world's oceans. As conservation organizations begin to expand their focus from land issues to include a major focus on preservation of the sea, it is increasingly apparent that we have to approach marine conservation differently and at much larger scale than we have to date. What's also clear is the magnitude and immediacy of the growing ocean concerns are such that no one organization can handle the job alone. Defying Ocean's End is a bold step in bringing the resources needed to bear on this vast problem before it is too late. It offers a broad strategy, a practical plan with priorities and costs, aimed at mobilizing the forces needed to bring about a "sea change" of favorable attitudes, actions, and outcomes for the oceans-and for all of us.
Author: Philippe Aghion
Publisher: London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario
ISBN: 9780771411168
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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This paper develops a model based on Schumpeter's process of creative destruction. It departs from existing models of endogenous growth in emphasizing obsolescence of old technologies induced by the accumulation of knowledge and the resulting process or industrial innovations. This has both positive and normative implications for growth. In positive terms, the prospect of a high level of research in the future can deter research today by threatening the fruits of that research with rapid obsolescence. In normative terms, obsolescence creates a negative externality from innovations, and hence a tendency for laissez-faire economies to generate too many innovations, i.e too much growth. This "business-stealing" effect is partly compensated by the fact that innovations tend to be too small under laissez-faire. The model possesses a unique balanced growth equilibrium in which the log of GNP follows a random walk with drift. The size of the drift is the average growth rate of the economy and it is endogenous to the model ; in particular it depends on the size and likelihood of innovations resulting from research and also on the degree of market power available to an innovator.
Author: Josep-Maria Mallarach
Publisher: Kasparek Verlag
ISBN: 3925064605
Category : Conservation of natural resources
Languages : en
Pages : 191
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Book Description
Documents, using case studies, the non-material values that are to be found in protected landscapes.
Author: Robert W. Whitney
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 9780807849255
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Between 1920 and 1940, Cuba underwent a remarkable transition, moving from oligarchic rule to a nominal constitutional democracy. The events of this period are crucial to a full understanding of the nation's political evolution, yet they are often glossed
Author: Wendy Harcourt
Publisher: Zed Books Ltd.
ISBN: 178360090X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Destined to transform its field, this volume features some of the most exciting feminist scholars and activists working within feminist political ecology, including Giovanna Di Chiro, Dianne Rocheleau, Catherine Walsh and Christa Wichterich. Offering a collective critique of the ‘green economy’, it features the latest analyses of the post-Rio+20 debates alongside a nuanced reading of the impact of the current ecological and economic crises on women as well as their communities and ecologies. This new, politically timely and engaging text puts feminist political ecology back on the map.
Author: Karl Marx
Publisher: W. W. Norton
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 730
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Book Description
Se muestra tanto la cronología como el desarrollo temático de los dos grandes pensadores. Abarca desde la historia, la sociedad y la economía, hasta la política, la filosofía, y la estrategia y táctica de la revolución social. Se presenta los escritos del joven Marx, las obras que despertaron tanto interés y provocó tanto debate en los últimos años. Se esboza, la estrategia y las tácticas del movimiento revolucionario. Incluye escritos sobre sociedad y política en el siglo XIX, no solo europeos, sino también asiáticos y rusos. Se presenta los últimos escritos de Engels, en los que el marxismo fue popularizado y sistematizado en beneficio de las masas. El lector de Marx-Engels contiene una introducción general interpretativa que rastrea y analiza el desarrollo de la filosofía marxista.
