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Author: Linda Vuskane
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3640706307
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Book Description
Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, Liverpool John Moores University, language: English, abstract: In general the primary factors contributing to European integration were largely political and ideological. It was the French wariness of the Germany, the Western, most notably US, fear of Communism and Germany’s will to be accepted again that drove the integration forward. Nevertheless, for most countries the economic component was if not primary then still essential. Moreover, many of these factors are overlapping and interrelate with each other. Although the impetus from various committed individuals played a crucial role, the European integration was based on a reaction to external and internal pressures rather than on inherent sense of a common European ideology and harmony.
Author: Linda Vuskane
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3640706307
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Book Description
Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, Liverpool John Moores University, language: English, abstract: In general the primary factors contributing to European integration were largely political and ideological. It was the French wariness of the Germany, the Western, most notably US, fear of Communism and Germany’s will to be accepted again that drove the integration forward. Nevertheless, for most countries the economic component was if not primary then still essential. Moreover, many of these factors are overlapping and interrelate with each other. Although the impetus from various committed individuals played a crucial role, the European integration was based on a reaction to external and internal pressures rather than on inherent sense of a common European ideology and harmony.
Author: A. W. Lovett
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781898473657
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
Author: Peter M. R. Stirk
Publisher: Burns & Oates
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
An international team examines the often neglected contexts of European unity, in which the hopes for integration and the difficulties involved are viewed from the political, economic and cultural limits of their success. The missed opportunities for integration in Eastern Europe are viewed in light of power politics, and American policy towards shaping Europe is discussed along with the pro- and anti-American stances adopted by Britain and Germany. The two most important considerations during the integration period, economic and strategic, are explored from British, Italian and Scandinavian perspectives, with Eastern Europe providing the base for an analysis of Comecon. Tensions between international (global) and pan-Euroepan forces provide the focus for a look at the historical origins of issues which are emerging as the political map of Europe is once again transformed.
Author: Clemens Wurm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
This book aims to broaden readers' understanding of the issues now facing the European Union by explaining the motivation underpinning the process of integration in Western Europe after 1945. The contributors discuss: - the part played by the Federal Republic of Germany; - the role of ideas and political movements in stimulating policy; - the economic interest of West Germany and West German business; and - the strategic aspects of Germany's policy. Also included is a German view of French and British attitudes toward a unified Europe and a discussion of the social history of integration.
Author: Nathalie CupCakey
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656405093
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Essay from the year 2012 in the subject History of Europe - European Postwar Period, grade: 65/100, University of Southampton, language: English, abstract: The Second World War was an utterly brutal episode in the history of Europe which would leave its marks for the next half century that followed. It had altered the ethnic structure of Europe through population movements and mass murder, transforming pre-war Europe into a completely different continent. In 1945 the European countries were weakened and divided by two super-powers, the USA on the Western side, and the USSR in the East. In the following decades Europe will slowly regain confidence: the experienced defeat of war brought many countries to place their hope in a unified Europe in which civil wars like the previous two would become impossible. The wish to pacify the continent gained in strength and this was the backdrop for the idea of forming a European Community. This paper will demonstrate through chronological phases how the integration process of the EU took place, while focusing on the various driving forces/actors that spurred the community's growth, without forgetting to look at the different concerns that darkened the bright horizon of the Union. From 1945 to 1959: Common strife towards pacifism and beginnings of cooperation With the common aim of ending the frequent and bloody wars that have shattered most european countries and which were at its highest during the Second World War (1939-1945), the European Union seemed like a bright and promising project, even if European leaders were facing heavy challenges: since the Yalta summit in 1945, Europe was divided between the United States and the USSR, both retaining control over the Western and the Eastern part of the continent respectively. This brought about several conditions and changes for the European countries: they were bound to be dominated by the US economically as well as militarily, the loss of their status as a 'Great Power' was very painful especially for Britain and France who also gradually lost most of their colonies. In spite of a certain number of draw-backs, the US tutelage also had its good points. In the year 1947 for instance, the Marshall Plan was set up by the US in order to help Europe recover after the war. This strategy was also meant to encourage cooperation between the recipient nation, and that was very important so as to bond the two bitter enemies, France and Germany, and avoid another outbreak of violence in the future (Warleigh, 2004).
Author: Anna Leiber
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656821275
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 1,0, University of Pavia, language: English, abstract: In 2007, the European Union celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Treaties of Rome, and thus its official hour of birth after many years of intensive negotiations, which had lasted from 1945 till 1957. From the very beginning on, Italy “had been amongst the keenest supporters of the European integration, both at the popular and the government levels” (Comelli 2011: 2) and had played an important role within all early proceedings. Especially under the political leadership of Alcide de Gasperi, Italy became one of the most influential negotiators and until today, the country is considered a triumphant founding nation of the European Union (Di Nolfo 1980: 145). This widespread pro-European attitude, however, has declined dramatically during the last decades. This negative relationship between Italy and the European Union, however, might be recovering from now on. Matteo Renzi, who got elected the new Italian prime minister in February this year, seems willing to contribute decisive activities to move the Italian population again closer to Europe. As a first important step, Renzi used his government declaration to underline the his-torical significance of the European Union and the urgent necessity for Italy to restart European cooperation (N24.de 2014). Referring to his prominent political precursor, Alcide de Gasperi, the Italian prime minister promised to close the gap between Italy and Europe again. Picking up this recent look back to the founding period of the European Union by the Italian prime minister, this paper focuses on exactly that time and analyses Italy’s contribution during the early European integration. Political scientists and historians often divide this process in three main parts: the after-war period between 1945 and 1949, the beginning of multilateral negotiations from 1949 till 1954, and finally the most important time for the European unification ending with the ratification of the Treaties of Rome in 1957 (Di Nolfo 1980: 148). In the subsequent analysis, I will follow this structure and thereby concentrate on the most decisive events that took place within the different periods - first and foremost the Brussels and Atlantic Pact (1948), the Schuman Declaration (1950), the European Defence Community (1952), the Spaak Committee (1955), and the Treaties of Rome (1957).
Author: Derek W. Urwin
Publisher: Longman Publishing Group
ISBN: 9780582045316
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
The period since 1945 has seen political events and socio-economic developments of enormous significance for the human race. This series explores these developments. the EEC itself and in the world beyond, is growing. Moreover the concept of a wider Europe has become a significant political factor in the postwar world. Derek Urwin traces the movement towards political and economic integration in Western Europe from the calls for a federal Europe that were made by the European Resistance movements and their immediate postwar successors, through to the demands that are now heard for complete monetary and partial political union. examines the history of the European Community after 1957.
Author: Richard T. Griffiths
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Author: Mark Hewitson
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 0857457276
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
The period between 1917 and 1957, starting with the birth of the USSR and the American intervention in the First World War and ending with the Treaty of Rome, is of the utmost importance for contextualizing and understanding the intellectual origins of the European Community. During this time of 'crisis,' many contemporaries, especially intellectuals, felt they faced a momentous decision which could bring about a radically different future. The understanding of what Europe was and what it should be was questioned in a profound way, forcing Europeans to react. The idea of a specifically European unity finally became, at least for some, a feasible project, not only to avoid another war but to avoid the destruction of the idea of European unity. This volume reassesses the relationship between ideas of Europe and the European project and reconsiders the impact of long and short-term political transformations on assumptions about the continent's scope, nature, role and significance.
Author: Desmond Dinan
Publisher: Lynne Rienner Pub
ISBN: 9781555877392
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 597
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Book Description
"Desmond Dinan cuts through the complexities of the European Union to explain clearly the evolution of European integration from the 1950s to the present." "This new edition of his book retains the familiar three-part structure - history, institutions, and policies - but includes two entirely new chapters: one on key developments in the 1993-1999 period (e.g., the 1995 enlargement, the 1996-1997 intergovernmental conference, the Amsterdam Treaty, and preparations and prospects for EU enlargement into Central and Eastern Europe) and one exploring the increasingly complicated political and economic relationship between the United States and the EU, the world's leading trading powers."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
