Estimating the Corporate Income Tax Gap PDF Download
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Author: Mr.Junji Ueda
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484376056
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
The IMF Fiscal Affairs Department's Revenue Administration Gap Analysis Program (RA-GAP) aims to provide a quantitative analysis of the tax gap between potential revenues and actual collections, and this technical note explains the concept of the tax gap for corporate income tax (CIT), and the methodology to estimate CIT gaps. It includes detailed steps to derive the potential CIT base and liability with careful consideration for the theoretical differences between the coverage of statistical macroeconomic data and the actual tax base of CIT, and then compare the estimated results with actual declarations and revenues. Although the estimated gaps following the approach will have margins of errors, it has the advantage of using available data without additional costs of collection and suits initial evaluations of overall CIT noncompliance in a country.
Author: Mr.Junji Ueda
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484376056
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
The IMF Fiscal Affairs Department's Revenue Administration Gap Analysis Program (RA-GAP) aims to provide a quantitative analysis of the tax gap between potential revenues and actual collections, and this technical note explains the concept of the tax gap for corporate income tax (CIT), and the methodology to estimate CIT gaps. It includes detailed steps to derive the potential CIT base and liability with careful consideration for the theoretical differences between the coverage of statistical macroeconomic data and the actual tax base of CIT, and then compare the estimated results with actual declarations and revenues. Although the estimated gaps following the approach will have margins of errors, it has the advantage of using available data without additional costs of collection and suits initial evaluations of overall CIT noncompliance in a country.
Author: Patricio A Barra
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
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Book Description
This technical note describes bottom-up CIT gap estimation techniques applied by revenue administrations in the following highly experienced countries in this approach: Australia, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The main topics included in the descriptions are techniques applied, CIT gap results, advantages and disadvantages of different available options, and future developments and recommendations for any revenue administration interested in starting bottom-up CIT gap estimation programs having no prior experience.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789279891083
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The corporate income tax gap (CIT Gap) is the gap between corporate tax revenues as they "should be" collected and as they "are" collected. The gap is an indication of potential CIT revenue losses. The topic has gained in prominence in the public domain given its impact on public finances, on the level playing field between companies and on the overall tax morale. Estimating the CIT gap is therefore very relevant. It is however also very complex. This report aims at mapping different methodologies and approaches for estimating the CIT gaps and explaining their advantages and disadvantages. The report does not provide an exhaustive review of the economic literature and statistical techniques for deriving at these estimates but it provides an overview of a number of methodologies used in Member States or other jurisdictions, devised by international institutions, or presented in the literature. This report defines the CIT gap as encompassing both non-deliberate actions by taxpayers (such as errors or omissions) and deliberate actions (such as fraud, evasion and avoidance) that lead to shortfall in revenues. This report reflects the objective of the Tax Gap Project Group (TGPG) to map and share expertise and good practices. The two main approaches to estimating the tax gap - the top-down and bottom-up methods - have both advantages and disadvantages. The choice of the estimation method depends heavily on the availability of data, resources and purposes of the estimate. While the top-down methods start from macroeconomic indicators or national accounts data to estimate the CIT gap, bottom-up methods start from data obtained from individual taxpayers and extrapolate them to a wider population. There are clear complementarities between both approaches. From the findings of the report, it seems too early to identify a consensus methodology, which could be used across countries and provide for overall tax gap estimations. By providing an overview of the state-of-the-art and highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each method, the report is nevertheless a first step to in that direction. However, the large differences in CIT systems point to the main difficulty of the exercise, which is to agree on one or more benchmarks. This makes international comparisons difficult because they depend to a large extend on the choice of the benchmark. The report also stresses that the focus should be on the trend of the results rather than on the absolute values. Currently, about ten Member States have taken steps or already estimate a CIT gap with different scopes, techniques and periodicity.
Author: International Monetary
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513577174
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
It is generally difficult to measure revenue not collected due to noncompliance, but a growing number of countries now regularly produce and publish estimated revenue losses. Good tax gap analysis enables the detection of changes in taxpayer behavior by consistent estimates over time. This Technical Note sets out the theoretical concepts for personal income tax (PIT) gap estimation, the different measurement approaches available, and their implications for the scope and presentation of statistics. The note also focuses on the practical steps for measuring the PIT gap by establishing a random audit program to collect data, and how to scale findings from the sample to the population.
Author: Mr.Eric Hutton
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1475583613
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
The IMF Fiscal Affairs Department’s Revenue Administration Gap Analysis Program (RA-GAP) assists revenue administrations from IMF member countries in monitoring taxpayer compliance through tax gap analysis. The RA-GAP methodology for estimating the VAT gap presented in this Technical Note has some distinct advantages over commonly used methodologies. By using a value-added approach to estimating potential VAT revenues, as compared to the more traditional final consumption approach used by most countries undertaking VAT gap estimation, the RA-GAP methodology can provide VAT compliance gap estimates on a sector-by-sector basis, which assists revenue administrations to better target compliance efforts to close the gap. In addition, the RA-GAP methodology uses a unique measurement for actual VAT revenues, which isolates changes in revenue performance that might be due to cash management (e.g., delays in refunds) from those due to actual changes in taxpayer compliance.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Tax collection
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Tax evasion
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Oversight
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Tax collection
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
Author: Ada Jansen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789292567972
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
A key objective of many governments is to improve tax revenue mobilization. One way to achieve this is by improving tax compliance. This requires accurate knowledge of the tax gap, i.e. the difference between what should be paid and what is actually paid. Until now, tax gaps have been primarily estimated in developed countries, and very little is known about tax gaps in developing countries. Information about these gaps can help policy makers make appropriate revenue mobilization strategies. This paper uses a top-down approach to estimate the tax gap in corporate income tax in South Africa. It uses national accounts statistics and tax administrative data to estimate the gap in the non-financial corporate sector, i.e. the difference between potential and actual corporate income tax under current tax legislation. The overall gap is estimated at approximately 11 per cent of the potential tax base or 2 per cent of GDP over the period 2015 to 2017.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484356772
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
This Technical Assistance Report presents the estimates of tax gaps for general sales tax (GST) and corporate income tax in Costa Rica. The estimated GST compliance gap in Costa Rica increased from 29 percent in 2012 to 31 percent in 2016. The compliance gap in 2016 was equivalent to 1.9 percent of GDP. The estimated compliance gap is higher than the average value-added tax compliance gaps of European countries and Latin American countries. Large GST compliance gaps relative to GDP are observed in manufacturing, trade, and hotels and restaurants. The estimated GST policy gaps were at about 4 percent of GDP from 2012 to 2016. Most of the GST policy gap consists of the GST expenditure gap, showing the effects of policy choices.
