Author: Shuna Shu Ham Ho
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Social License (SL) has emerged to become a concept significant to states, markets, and societies, but business management, when compared to other academic fields, has limited understanding of SL, because of some confusion between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and SL. In Chapter 1, I make clarifications by reviewing multidisciplinary literature through a bibliometric analysis. I found that, while SL, which is based on social contract theory, refers to community approval associated with CSR, the literature on CSR has mostly overlooked SL, because it is often grounded in stakeholder theory that seldom considers communities salient in terms of corporate financial performance. In response to a research direction provided in Chapter 1, I examine in Chapter 2 a boundary condition challenging the positive association between CSR and SL, which many international business scholars take for granted. Applying justice-based and consent-based social contract theory, I hypothesize that CSR, which a multinational corporation (MNC) engages at the global and the local levels respectively, enhances the MNC's degree of SL approved by a local community, but this degree is offset by polarization among community members. Measured through such natural language processing and big data techniques as sentiment and emotion analysis, SL was found to be positively affected by both global and local CSR, and yet the effect of local CSR, but not global CSR, is negatively moderated by community polarization. Responding to another research direction provided in Chapter 1, I further examine in Chapter 3 the necessary and sufficient conditions of two fundamental nonmarket strategies, specifically CSR and corporate political activity (CPA), for both SL and legal license (LL), which represent social and political legitimacies respectively in international business. Combining social contract theory with deliberative democracy theory, I hypothesize that, under deliberative democracy, high CSR and low CPA are necessary for SL, but low CSR and high CPA offer sufficiency for LL. Through a necessary condition analysis on a sample of MNCs operating in Australia, which is a deliberatively democratic country, it was found that CSR is a necessary condition for SL, whereas CPA is a sufficient condition for both LL approval and SL disapproval.
Author: Sir Ernest Barker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Politics, Practical
Languages : en
Pages : 510
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An essay concerning the true original, extent and end of civil governm
Author: Sebastian Erckel
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 364032739X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 29
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Book Description
Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Politics - Political Theory and the History of Ideas Journal, grade: 80%= good, University of Kerala (Department of Political Science), course: Political Theory- Liberal Tradition, language: English, abstract: This essay compares the classical social contract theories of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau. Different perceptions of the state of nature resulted in different ideas about the social contract and its emphasis on either security (Hobbes), individual rights (Locke) or the collective freedom of Rousseau's general will. Political philosophy is believed to have started with Plato's "Republic", the first known sophisticated analysis of a fundamental question that humans have probably been concerned with much longer: how should human society be organised, i.e. who should rule and why? Plato believed that ruling required special training and skills and should therefore be left to an aristocracy of guardians who had received extensive training. While the notion that ruling requires expertise can hardly be denied there is also agreement among most philosophers that whoever qualifies for the job of ruling needs to do so with the interest of the people in mind. But what is the interest of the people and how can it be discovered? According to Plato, a necessary precondition for rulers is wisdom and that is why he wanted his guardians to be especially trained in philosophy. One may think that the people themselves should know what is best for them but somewhat surprisingly this idea has been rejected not just by Plato but also by many philosophers following him. Another approach is to link rule on Earth to a mandate received from a divine Creator. However, even the idea that humans could not exist without a government has been questioned, most notably by anarchism. Thus, the question of how political rule, the power to make decisions for others, could be justified is an essential one. Only legitimate rule creates obligation and without o
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Social contract
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Author: John Wiedhofft Gough
Publisher: Greenwood
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
The book first discusses the various ideas which comprise the theory of the social contract, and then traces the history as it developed. The central theme of the social contract, the relationship of citizens and government, is also analyzed.
Author: Ernest Barker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Michael Harry Lessnoff
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Author: Anthony De Jasay
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
Shows how the social contract, in its quest for fairness, actually helps to breed the parasitic `free riding' it is meant to suppress.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Author: Ellen Frankel Paul
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN: 9780631159841
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 221
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Book Description
