Author: Hui Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 130

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Author: Ming Gu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Earnings management
Languages : en
Pages : 105

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This dissertation studies two pervasive financial anomalies: price momentum and accrual anomaly. The first essay establishes a robust link between momentum and accruals (the difference between accounting earnings and cash flow). I find that momentum profitability is statistically significant and economically large only among firms with high accruals. The cross-sectional characteristics of momentum previously documented do not subsume the effect of accruals on momentum profits, and the effect also holds in different market states. To understand the source of momentum, I analyze the predictive power of accruals for stock returns based on two hypotheses: earnings manipulation and earnings overestimation. I find that loser stocks with high accruals experience significant decreases in industry-adjusted sales growth and the largest amount of income-decreasing special items in subsequent years. Most of momentum profitability among high-accrual firms is attributable to the high discretionary accrual group. My findings indicate that, primarily due to the effect of earnings manipulation, the downward payoff of loser stocks with high accruals largely drives the accrual-based momentum profit. The second essay investigates the relationship between financial distress and accrual anomaly. I investigate whether the continued existence of the accrual anomaly is due to the failure to account for the compensation for distress risk. I find a U-shape pattern of distress risks across accrual portfolios. The accrual profit is mostly concentrated in firms with high distress, suggesting that the abnormal returns to the accrual trading strategy may result from the high distress-risk exposures. Market frictions such as idiosyncratic stock return volatility, illiquidity, and short-sale constraints do not generate the accrual anomaly, but they prevent stock prices from adjusting once financial distress triggers the abnormal returns to the accrual trading strategy.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Econometrics
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Ehab Yamani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Efficient market theory
Languages : en
Pages :

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This dissertation consists of three distinct essays. The first essay investigates the risk interpretation of the investment premium by empirically examining the fundamental view versus the sentimental view. Overall, the results show that financial factors are the dominant driver of investment returns and they control the negative relation between investment and stock return. In the second essay, I examine the impact of financial contagion resulting from four global financial crises based on analyses of the global value premium. Results show that equity markets become more integrated after financial crises that exhibit global effects but less integrated after crises that exhibit regional effects. Overall findings support the risk story of the global value premium. The third essay examines the joint dynamics of volume and volatility in the junk bond market during the 2007-2008 financial crisis. Using trading volume information as a proxy for changes in the information set available to investors when financial crises occur, I investigate the impact of the subprime crisis on the informational efficiency of the junk bond market. The overall results show that the crisis does not have an impact on the market efficiency of the junk bond market.

Author: Chunming Yuan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 316

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Author: Che Kuan Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business
Languages : en
Pages :

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This dissertation investigates the impact of mutual funds in the cross-sectional stock returns and examines a conflict in the existing literature that characterizes momentum. In the first essay, I examine the explanatory power of aggregate mutual fund flows for the profitability of price-based (i.e., momentum and 52-week high) and non-price-based (i.e., earnings surprises, profitability, share issuance, accrual and asset growth) anomalies in the cross-section of returns. I find that the flow-based trading of mutual funds contributes to mispricing as measured by the profits to price-based anomalies, especially at times when market-wide funding costs are high. The effect also exists for non-price-based anomalies, but only through the dependence of their profits on momentum. My findings support the view of Lou (2012) and Vayanos and Woolley (2013) that mutual funds’ trading on flows creates feedback that strengthens price-based anomalies, as high-performing funds buy additional shares of high-performing stocks and poorly performing funds sell shares of poorly performing stocks. However, the explanatory power of aggregate mutual fund flows for price-based anomaly returns is only partly attenuated by fund-level variables designed to capture the feedback effect. The flow-induced trading by mutual funds appears to contribute to mispricing for reasons beyond the feedback effect. The second essay examines the extent to which momentum profits depend on the state of credit markets. The state of credit markets does affect momentum, but the results are not consistent with a credit channel effect on momentum. For non-financial firms, the momentum profits are stronger among portfolios formed under favorable credit conditions. For financial firms, credit conditions do not matter to the momentum profits. Price continuations in financial firms are related to whether the firms are performing poorly, but not whether that performance is attributable to credit conditions that are favorable or poor.

Author: Arthur Ritter
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656972001
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 14

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Essay from the year 2014 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 16 (1,7), University of St Andrews (School of Management), course: Research Methods for Finance and Management, language: English, abstract: The size effect is a market anomaly in asset pricing according to the market efficiency theory. According to the current body of research, market anomalies arise either because of inefficiencies in the market or the underlying pricing model must be flawed. Anomalies in the financial markets are typically discovered form empirical tests. These tests usually rely jointly on one null hypothesis H0= markets are efficient AND they perform according to a specified equilibrium model (usually CAPM). Thus, if the empirical study rejects the H0, the reason could either be due to market inefficiency or due to the incorrect model. Market efficiency theory says that the price of an asset fully reflects all current information and is not predictable (Fama 1970). Fama (1997) states that market anomalies, even long‐term anomalies, are not an indicator for market inefficiencies due to the reason that they randomly split between “underreaction and overreaction, (so) they are consistent with market efficiency” (p. 284), they happen by chance and it is always possible to beat the market by chance. This essay will give an overview of the literature of the size effect and will stress the key theories, empirical methods and findings, as well as the existing body of research about this particular anomaly.

Author: Kyungyeon (Rachel) Koh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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This dissertation aims to shed light on the source of the asset pricing anomalies by investigating behavioral and rational explanations. The first essay, "Asset Efficiency and the Asset Growth Anomaly," examines the source of the asset growth anomaly. I present findings that the anomaly is driven by inefficient firms, which support the behavioral hypothesis that investors on average underreact to some firms' overexpansion. Firms with past records of high asset efficiency relative to their industry peers do not suffer lower stock performance following high growth. The overarching impact of asset efficiency shows that firm skill is highly relevant, for effective corporate strategy should balance growth with capability to maintain and profit from that growth. The next chapter, "Do Financing Costs Matter for the Investment Anomalies?" shows supporting evidence for a shared role of behavioral and rational elements in explaining the anomalies. It comprehensively evaluates whether firms' financing constraints explain the investment anomalies, including the asset growth anomaly, incorporating advanced proxies for financing constraints. The main contribution is to demonstrate that both mispricing and investment-friction channels reinforce each other in explaining the negative investment-return relation. The third chapter, "Style Investing: New Evidence from Mutual Fund Flows," empirically validates the style-investing behavior of mutual fund investors and explores the pricing implication for stocks by utilizing mutual fund flows. Barberis and Shleifer (2003) initially explore the idea of style investing with an assumption that investors choose styles based on the recent past style performance. I find evidence that mutual fund investors allocate to winner styles and withdraw from loser styles based on the recent past style performance, consistently with Barbaris and Shleifer's assumption. Next, I examine the pricing implications of the mutual fund flows by style. The evidence shows the Granger-causality of the style flows and the underlying stock returns in both directions. Neither the rationalists nor the behavioralists have been able to comprehensively explain all of financial market dynamics. This thesis urges the current asset pricing research to stay open-minded to consider various possibilities and viewpoints and be prepared to come up with narratives not confined to a single set of theory.

Author: George M. Frankfurter
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812707913
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 238

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A collection of essays dealing with financial markets' imperfections, and the inability of neoclassical economics to deal with such imperfections. This book argues that financial economics, as based on the tenets of neoclassical economics, cannot answer or solve the real-life problems that people face.

Author: Joon Chae
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 198

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Book Description
(Cont.) Second, autocorrelations of stock market returns are not zero as verified by many predictability studies. The magnitude of autocorrelations varies considerably from one period to another. In addition, we analyze several stock market anomalies, such as January effect, turn-of-the-month effect, turn-of-the-quarter effect, and weekday effect. Interestingly, most effects are still significant after many years of their discoveries.