Author: Jaeho Cho
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Capital assets pricing model
Languages : en
Pages : 228

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Author: Lionel Martellini
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 184

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Author: Sangbae Kim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Assets (Accounting)
Languages : en
Pages : 440

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Author: Alexandre Miguel de Oliveira dos Santos Baptista
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 436

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Author: Junxiong Gao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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This dissertation comprises three papers examining questions in asset pricing, investigating the implications of new asset pricing theories on the cross-section and time series of asset prices. The papers are as follows: Chapter 1 studies how the fat-tailed distribution of US firm size generates extra risk premiums compared to the classical theory. The author refers to this fat tail as "granularity" and shows that it breaks the diversification of idiosyncratic risks assumed by arbitrage pricing theory (APT) to imply factor models. In the cross-section, large firms have higher idiosyncratic risk premiums than small firms despite having a lower level of risk. This finding explains the negative relation between idiosyncratic risk and risk premium, known as the "idiosyncratic risk premium puzzle." On aggregate, the level of granularity, measured by the Pareto distribution, explains market expected returns since it determines the under-diversification of idiosyncratic risk. Chapter 2 (joint work with Rossen Valkanov and Yan Xu) investigates the joint dynamics and predictability of asset returns for the equity, treasury, and foreign asset investment sectors, utilizing their respective valuation ratios constructed from their intertemporal budget constraints. We propose a new framework that enforces an aggregate accounting identity of the three sectors using a constrained estimation by the GMM method, which accounts for the cyclical movement of the whole economy. Our key finding shows that the government surplus-to-debt ratio negatively predicts the risk premium in the equity and foreign asset investment sectors. Our results suggest that incorporating data from all three sectors and imposing aggregate budget constraints can help to better identify how the fiscal policy adjustment channel propagates throughout the economy. Chapter 3 presents a model for modeling the correlation dynamics of stock returns using a conditional factor model. In this model, the employment of factors helps to reduce the estimation dimension by presenting the asset returns' covariance matrix as a quadratic function of the conditional covariance with factors. The factor structure allows for a closed-form solution for the inverse and determinant of the covariance matrix, which is convenient for computing the likelihood function and allocating a minimum variance portfolio. The model accurately fits the realized correlation among S&P 500 stocks computed from 5-minute data. It also generates out-of-sample minimum variance portfolios with a higher information ratio.

Author: Dan Luo
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781361279199
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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This dissertation, "Two Essays on Asset Pricing" by Dan, Luo, 罗丹, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: This thesis centers around the pricing and risk-return tradeoff of credit and equity derivatives. The first essay studies the pricing in the CDS Index (CDX) tranche market, and whether these instruments have been reasonably priced and integrated within the financial market generally, both before and during the financial crisis. We first design a procedure to value CDO tranches using an intensity-based model which falls into the affine model class. The CDX tranche spreads are efficiently explained by a three-factor version of this model, before and during the crisis period. We then construct tradable CDX tranche portfolios, representing the three default intensity factors. These portfolios capture the same exposure as the S&P 500 index optionmarket, to a market crash. We regress these CDX factors against the underlying index, the volatility factor, and the smirk factor, extracted from the index option returns, and against the Fama-French market, size and book-to-market factors. We finally argue that the CDX spreads are integrated in the financial market, and their issuers have not made excess returns. The second essay explores the specifications of jumps for modeling stock price dynamics and cross-sectional option prices. We exploit a long sample of about 16 years of S&P500 returns and option prices for model estimation. We explicitly impose the time-series consistency when jointly fitting the return and option series. We specify a separate jump intensity process which affords a distinct source of uncertainty and persistence level from the volatility process. Our overall conclusion is that simultaneous jumps in return and volatility are helpful in fitting the return, volatility and jump intensity time series, while time-varying jump intensities improve the cross-section fit of the option prices. In the formulation with time-varying jump intensity, both the mean jump size and standard deviation of jump size premia are strengthened. Our MCMC approach to estimate the models is appropriate, because it has been found to be powerful by other authors, and it is suitable for dealing with jumps. To the best of our knowledge, our study provides the the most comprehensive application of the MCMC technique to option pricing in affine jump-diffusion models. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4819935 Subjects: Capital assets pricing model

Author: Pooya Nazeran
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Abstract: A considerable portion of the asset pricing literature considers the demand schedule for asset prices to be perfectly elastic (flat). As argued, asset prices are determined using information about future payoff distribution, as well as the discount rate; consequently, an asset would be priced independent of its available supply. Furthermore, such a flat demand curve is considered to be a consequence of the Efficient Market Hypothesis. My dissertation evaluates and questions the factuality of these assertions. I approach this problem from both an empirical and a theoretical perspective. The general argument is that asset prices do respond to supply-shocks; and changes in aggregate demand, stemming from preference changes, new international investments, or quantitative easing by the Fed, can result in price changes. Hence, asset prices are determined by both demand and supply factors. In the first essay, "Downward Sloping Asset Demand: Evidence from the Treasury Bills Market," I report on my empirical study which establishes the existence of a downward sloping demand curve (DSDC) in the T-bill market. In the second essay, "Asset Pricing: Inelastic Supply," I examine the theoretical issues concerning a downward sloping demand curve. I begin by clarifying a common confusion in the literature, namely, that many asset pricing models imply a flat demand curve. I show that the prominent asset pricing models, including Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) and Consumption Capital Asset Pricing Model (CCAPM), all have an underlying DSDC. I further show that, while these models imply the relevance of supply, they are inconvenient as a vehicle for the estimation and analysis of the DSDC in the data. For those purposes, I develop an asset pricing framework based on the stochastic discount factor framework, specifically designed with a DSDC at its heart. I end the essay with a discussion of the framework's implications and applications. In the third essay I develop on the Factor-Augmented Vector-Autoregression (FAVAR) literature, proposing a bias-corrected method. As implemented in the literature, the Principal Component Analysis stage of FAVAR introduces a classical-error-in-variable problem which leads to bias. I propose an instrument-based method for bias correction.

Author: Bosung Jang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Assets (Accounting)
Languages : en
Pages : 140

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This dissertation studies how asset prices are related to various macroeconomic and financial factors. In the first chapter, I examine the influence of external financing costs on growth and asset prices. Using U.S. high-tech firm data and the aggregate financing cost measure of Eisfeldt and Muir (2016), I find that an increase in financing cost can have negative effects on R&D by reducing equity finance. This result suggests that financing cost can have substantial impacts on long-run productivity through the R&D channel. Motivated by this idea, I construct a general equilibrium model where financing costs affect innovation activities and future productivity. My model endogenously generates long-run risk and matches key features of macroeconomic and asset price data. The model produces a sizable equity premium, doing a good job of matching macro moments in the data. Furthermore, a large risk premium of R&D-intensive stocks is justified in the model as in the data. In addition, as a higher financing cost forecasts lower productivity growth in the model, this prediction is supported by empirical evidence. In the second chapter, I investigate whether heterogeneity between domestic and foreign households can help explain the cross-section of stock returns. For this analysis, I apply Yogo’s (2006) durable consumption model to a two-country setting using Korean stock market data. In Korea, U.S. investors have been a dominant foreign investor group, given that the total share of foreigners is considerably large. By incorporating the stochastic discount factor of the U.S. into the model, I find that it plays a significant role in pricing assets. In particular, our model is successful in accounting for the expected excess return of relatively high book-to-market equity groups, producing lower pricing errors than the Fama-French 3 factor model. In the third chapter, I study the effects of debt maturity choice on stock returns and financial structure. I construct a model where firms can issue both short-term and long-term bonds, subject to collateral constraints. I also assume that, when they run financial deficits, firms use equity finance paying issuance costs. The model performs well in matching empirical facts about stock returns and the financial structure of firms. In addition, the model provides an interesting implication that firms substitute between leverage and maturity. In the literature, theoretical explanations for the substitution relationship have been mainly based on conflicts between stakeholders. Without hinging on the contract-theoretic approach, my model replicates the theoretical prediction.

Author: Antonius Johannes Van Zijl
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Capital assets pricing model
Languages : en
Pages : 316

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Author: Christian Funke
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3834998141
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 123

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Christian Funke aims at developing a better understanding of a central asset pricing issue: the stock price discovery process in capital markets. Using U.S. capital market data, he investigates the importance of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) for stock prices and examines economic links between customer and supplier firms. The empirical investigations document return predictability and show that capital markets are not perfectly efficient.