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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 476
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 476
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Author: Canada. Federal-Provincial Relations Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Canada
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Author:
Publisher: Odile Jacob
ISBN: 2738178936
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264075496
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 492
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This publication provides recent basic statistics on the resources devoted to R&D in OECD countries. The statistical series cover expenditure by source of funds antype of costs, personnel by occupation and/or level of qualification, for enterprises by sector and education by field of science.
Author: Canada
Publisher: Hull, Qué.: Supply and Services
ISBN:
Category : Canada
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Author:
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN: 9789024727339
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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Author: World Conservation Union
Publisher: IUCN
ISBN: 9782831709130
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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The African Convention on the conservation of nature and natural resources was adopted in 1968 in Algiers. Considered the most forward looking regional agreement of the time, it influenced significantly the development of environmental law in Africa. Two and a half decades of intense developments in international environmental law made it necessary to revise this treaty, update its provisions and enlarge its scope. This was undertaken under the auspices of the African Union (previously OAU), and the revision was adopted by its Heads of State and Government in July 2003 in Maputo. The introduction provides an overview of this new international treaty, as well as a commentary to each of its provisions.
Author: Laura Nirello
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004383077
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 93
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This article deals with the literature on the French nonprofit sector (NPS). A preliminary part is devoted to presenting and discussing the characteristics that shape the approaches to this sector in France. We stress the strong influence of legal categories on the sector’s definition and, in this context, the importance of the status inherited from the 1901 Act on contracts of association. This raises a problem for a more analytical approach to the sector, because the diversity of the nonprofit organizations (NPOs) regulated under this Act risks being overshadowed. In this first part, we also underline the primacy accorded in France to the concept of the social economy, which has today become the social and solidarity economy (SSE), over that of the nonprofit sector. In the second part, the article outlines some landmarks in the history of the French NPS. French NPOs were for many years objects of suspicion, arbitrariness and repression on the part of the public authorities and this persisted until the 1901 legislation on contracts of association was enacted. However, this hostile context did not prevent the sector from having a richer existence than is sometimes admitted. This literature review also focuses on empirical studies of the sector, placing a particular emphasis on the more recent ones. These French studies basically adopt two types of approach. The first is concerned essentially with the NPOs and focuses its attention on their economic importance, whether measured in terms of financial resources, employment, or, less frequently, added value. The second approach investigates the kinds of individual participation the sector engenders by examining the various forms it takes, such as membership of NPOs or voluntary work. This review ends with the analysis of the challenges that NPS faces in a context characterized by the increasing constraints on public funding, changes in the nature of such funding with a substitution of contracts for subsidies, an increased competition among NPOs as well as between NPOs and for-profit enterprises. The article concludes that, despite the advances in research on the French NPS, some aspects—like formal volunteering and the role of voluntary associations—are still understudied, while others—like informal groups and informal volunteering—are almost totally ignored.
Author: Jean-François Gouyet
Publisher: Elsevier Masson
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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