Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
This population-based study examines early life exposure to environmental pollutants from industrial sites, toxic waste sites and heavily trafficked roadways as risk factors for breast cancer; with a focus on exposure to benzene and phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAHs). We have geocoded 15,340 individual addresses for 3,286 participants in Erie and Niagara counties in New York State. A validation study assessed the positional accuracy of addresses geocoded on the Dynamap2000 using a global positioning system receiver. Overall, geocoding was accurate. Analyses have been completed examining residential proximity to industrial sites contracting with the US Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC), for exposure to total suspended particulates (TSP), and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and breast cancer risk. Proximity to sites contracted by USAEC was not associated with risk. Exposure to TSP in early life was associated with a 2.75-fold increase in risk for postmenopausal women only. There was little evidence of an association between early life exposure to ETS and breast cancer. Clustering analyses identified geographic patterns of residence for breast cancer cases and controls at critical time periods in early life. These results provide evidence that environmental exposures in early life may be important for breast cancer risk.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Get Book Here
Book Description
This population-based study examines early life exposure to environmental pollutants from industrial sites, toxic waste sites and heavily trafficked roadways as risk factors for breast cancer; with a focus on exposure to benzene and phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAHs). We have geocoded 15,340 individual addresses for 3,286 participants in Erie and Niagara counties in New York State. A validation study assessed the positional accuracy of addresses geocoded on the Dynamap2000 using a global positioning system receiver. Overall, geocoding was accurate. Analyses have been completed examining residential proximity to industrial sites contracting with the US Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC), for exposure to total suspended particulates (TSP), and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and breast cancer risk. Proximity to sites contracted by USAEC was not associated with risk. Exposure to TSP in early life was associated with a 2.75-fold increase in risk for postmenopausal women only. There was little evidence of an association between early life exposure to ETS and breast cancer. Clustering analyses identified geographic patterns of residence for breast cancer cases and controls at critical time periods in early life. These results provide evidence that environmental exposures in early life may be important for breast cancer risk.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309220696
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
Breast cancer remains the most common invasive cancer among women. The primary patients of breast cancer are adult women who are approaching or have reached menopause; 90 percent of new cases in U.S. women in 2009 were diagnosed at age 45 or older. Growing knowledge of the complexity of breast cancer stimulated a transition in breast cancer research toward elucidating how external factors may influence the etiology of breast cancer. Breast Cancer and the Environment reviews the current evidence on a selection of environmental risk factors for breast cancer, considers gene-environment interactions in breast cancer, and explores evidence-based actions that might reduce the risk of breast cancer. The book also recommends further integrative research into the elements of the biology of breast development and carcinogenesis, including the influence of exposure to a variety of environmental factors during potential windows of susceptibility during the full life course, potential interventions to reduce risk, and better tools for assessing the carcinogenicity of environmental factors. For a limited set of risk factors, evidence suggests that action can be taken in ways that may reduce risk for breast cancer for many women: avoiding unnecessary medical radiation throughout life, avoiding the use of some forms of postmenopausal hormone therapy, avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, increasing physical activity, and minimizing weight gain. Breast Cancer and the Environment sets a direction and a focus for future research efforts. The book will be of special interest to medical researchers, patient advocacy groups, and public health professionals.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309169240
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
The Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine wanted to address the link between environmental factors and the development of cancer in light of recent advances in genomics. They asked what research tools are needed, how new scientific information can be applied in a timely manner to reduce the burden of cancer, and how this can be flexible enough to treat the individual.
Author: Matthew Reynolds MPH. Bonner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
Author: Jean Alison McDougall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: Vipat Kuruchittham
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309064198
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 453
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Book Description
Some investigators have hypothesized that estrogens and other hormonally active agents found in the environment might be involved in breast cancer increases and sperm count declines in humans as well as deformities and reproductive problems seen in wildlife. This book looks in detail at the science behind the ominous prospect of "estrogen mimics" threatening health and well-being, from the level of ecosystems and populations to individual people and animals. The committee identifies research needs and offers specific recommendations to decision-makers. This authoritative volume: Critically evaluates the literature on hormonally active agents in the environment and identifies known and suspected toxicologic mechanisms and effects of fish, wildlife, and humans. Examines whether and how exposure to hormonally active agents occursâ€"in diet, in pharmaceuticals, from industrial releases into the environmentâ€"and why the debate centers on estrogens. Identifies significant uncertainties, limitations of knowledge, and weaknesses in the scientific literature. The book presents a wealth of information and investigates a wide range of examples across the spectrum of life that might be related to these agents.
Author: Sandra Steingraber
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Child development
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Author: Malcolm C. Pike
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Breast
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Author: Aamir Ahmad
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030203018
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
Resistance to therapies, both targeted and systemic, and metastases to distant organs are the underlying causes of breast cancer-associated mortality. The second edition of Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance brings together some of the leading experts to comprehensively understand breast cancer: the factors that make it lethal, and current research and clinical progress. This volume covers the following core topics: basic understanding of breast cancer (statistics, epidemiology, racial disparity and heterogeneity), metastasis and drug resistance (bone metastasis, trastuzumab resistance, tamoxifen resistance and novel therapeutic targets, including non-coding RNAs, inflammatory cytokines, cancer stem cells, ubiquitin ligases, tumor microenvironment and signaling pathways such as TRAIL, JAK-STAT and mTOR) and recent developments in the field (epigenetic regulation, microRNAs-mediated regulation, novel therapies and the clinically relevant 3D models). Experts also discuss the advances in laboratory research along with their translational and clinical implications with an overarching goal to improve the diagnosis and prognosis, particularly that of breast cancer patients with advanced disease.
