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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The neutral weak force between an electron and a target particle, mediated by the Z boson, can be isolated by measuring the fractional change under a mirror reflection of the scattering probability of relativistic longitudinally polarized electrons off unpolarized targets. This technique yields neutral weak force measurements at a length scale of 1 femtometer, in contrast to high energy collider measurements that probe much smaller length scales. Study of the variation of the weak force over a range of length scales provides a stringent test of theory, complementing collider measurements. We describe a recent measurement of the neutral weak force between two electrons by the E158 experiment at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. While the weak force between an electron and positron has been extensively studied, that between two electrons had never directly been measured. We conclude by discussing prospects for even more precise measurements at future facilities.
Author: Kentaro Hori
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 0821829556
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 954
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Book Description
This thorough and detailed exposition is the result of an intensive month-long course on mirror symmetry sponsored by the Clay Mathematics Institute. It develops mirror symmetry from both mathematical and physical perspectives with the aim of furthering interaction between the two fields. The material will be particularly useful for mathematicians and physicists who wish to advance their understanding across both disciplines. Mirror symmetry is a phenomenon arising in string theory in which two very different manifolds give rise to equivalent physics. Such a correspondence has significant mathematical consequences, the most familiar of which involves the enumeration of holomorphic curves inside complex manifolds by solving differential equations obtained from a ``mirror'' geometry. The inclusion of D-brane states in the equivalence has led to further conjectures involving calibrated submanifolds of the mirror pairs and new (conjectural) invariants of complex manifolds: the Gopakumar-Vafa invariants. This book gives a single, cohesive treatment of mirror symmetry. Parts 1 and 2 develop the necessary mathematical and physical background from ``scratch''. The treatment is focused, developing only the material most necessary for the task. In Parts 3 and 4 the physical and mathematical proofs of mirror symmetry are given. From the physics side, this means demonstrating that two different physical theories give isomorphic physics. Each physical theory can be described geometrically, and thus mirror symmetry gives rise to a ``pairing'' of geometries. The proof involves applying $R\leftrightarrow 1/R$ circle duality to the phases of the fields in the gauged linear sigma model. The mathematics proof develops Gromov-Witten theory in the algebraic setting, beginning with the moduli spaces of curves and maps, and uses localization techniques to show that certain hypergeometric functions encode the Gromov-Witten invariants in genus zero, as is predicted by mirror symmetry. Part 5 is devoted to advanced topi This one-of-a-kind book is suitable for graduate students and research mathematicians interested in mathematics and mathematical and theoretical physics.
Author: Ilʹi︠a︡ Grigorʹevich Kaplan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Author:
Publisher: CUP Archive
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Author: Xiaodong Zou
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199580200
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Book Description
In the modern world of ever smaller devices and nanotechnology, electron crystallography emerges as the most important method capable of determining the structure of minute objects down to the size of individual atoms. Crystals of only a few millionths of a millimetre are studied. This is the first textbook explaining how this is done. Great attention is given to symmetry in crystals and how it manifests itself in electron microscopy and electron diffraction, and how this symmetry can be determined and taken advantage of in achieving improved electron microscopy images and solving crystal structures from electron diffraction patterns. Theory and practice are combined; experimental images, diffraction patterns, formulae and numerical data are discussed in parallel, giving the reader a complete understanding of what goes on inside the "black boxes" of computer programs. This up-to-date textbook contains the newest techniques in electron crystallography, including detailed descriptions and explanations of the recent remarkable successes in determining the very complex structures of zeolites and intermetallics. The controversial issue of whether there is phase information present in electron micrsocopy images or not is also resolved once and for all. The extensive appendices include computer labs which have been used at various courses at Stockholm University and international schools in electron crystallography, with applications to the textbook. Students can download image processing programs and follow these lab instructions to get a hands-on experience of electron crystallography.
Author: P. A. Sturrock
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316509788
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 253
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Book Description
Originally published in 1955, this textbook on electron optics was aimed at scientists already engaged in, as well as new to, this field of study.
Author:
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 0821838482
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 698
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Book Description
Research in string theory has generated a rich interaction with algebraic geometry, with exciting work that includes the Strominger-Yau-Zaslow conjecture. This monograph builds on lectures at the 2002 Clay School on Geometry and String Theory that sought to bridge the gap between the languages of string theory and algebraic geometry.
Author: David A. Cox
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 082182127X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 498
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Book Description
Mirror symmetry began when theoretical physicists made some astonishing predictions about rational curves on quintic hypersurfaces in four-dimensional projective space. Understanding the mathematics behind these predictions has been a substantial challenge. This book is the first completely comprehensive monograph on mirror symmetry, covering the original observations by the physicists through the most recent progress made to date. Subjects discussed include toric varieties, Hodge theory, Kahler geometry, moduli of stable maps, Calabi-Yau manifolds, quantum cohomology, Gromov-Witten invariants, and the mirror theorem. This title features: numerous examples worked out in detail; an appendix on mathematical physics; an exposition of the algebraic theory of Gromov-Witten invariants and quantum cohomology; and, a proof of the mirror theorem for the quintic threefold.
Author: Patrik Fazekas
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812386270
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 794
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Book Description
This volume attempts to fill the gap between standard introductions to solid state physics, and textbooks which give a sophisticated treatment of strongly correlated systems. Starting with the basics of the microscopic theory of magnetism, one proceeds with relatively elementary arguments to such topics of current interest as the Mott transition, heavy fermions, and quantum magnetism. The basic approach is that magnetism is one of the manifestations of electronOCoelectron interaction, and its treatment should be part of a general discussion of electron correlation effects. Though the text is primarily theoretical, a large number of illustrative examples are brought from the experimental literature. There are many problems, with detailed solutions. The book is based on the material of lectures given at the Diploma Course of the International Center for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, and later at the Technical University and the R. EAtvAs University of Budapest, Hungary. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1.1: Magnetism and Other Effects of Electron-Electron Interaction (483 KB). Chapter 1.2: Sources of Magnetic Fields (311 KB). Chapter 1.3: Getting Acquainted: Magnetite (692 KB). Chapter 1.4: Variety of Correlated Systems: An Outline of the Course (307 KB). Contents: Atoms, Ions, and Molecules; Crystal Field Theory; Mott Transition and Hubbard Model; Mott Insulators; Heinsenberg Magnets; Itinerant Electron Magnetism; Ferromagnetism in Hubbard Models; The Gutzwiller Variational Method; The Correlated Metallic State; Mixed Valence and Heavy Fermions; Quantum Hall Effect; Hydrogen Atom; Single-Spin-Flip Ansatz; Gutzwiller Approximation; SchriefferOCoWolff Transformation. Readership: Graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics."
Author: Brian Greene
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 0821827448
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 862
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Book Description
Mirror Symmetry has undergone dramatic progress since the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) workshop in 1991, whose proceedings constitute voluem I of this continuing collection. Tremendous insight has been gained on a number of key issues. This volume surveys these results. Some of the contributions in this work have appeared elsewhere, while others were written specifically for this collection. The areas covered are organized into 4 sections, and each presents papers by both physicists and mathematicians. This volume collects the most important developments that have taken place in mathematical physics since 1991. It is an essential reference tool for both mathematics and physics libraries and for students of physics and mathematics. Titles in this series are co-published, between the American Mathematical Society and International Press, Cambridge, MA, USA.
