Electronic and Magnetic Excitations in Correlated and Topological Materials PDF Download
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Author: John S. Van Dyke
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319899384
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
This thesis reports a major breakthrough in discovering the superconducting mechanism in CeCoIn5, the “hydrogen atom” among heavy fermion compounds. By developing a novel theoretical formalism, the study described herein succeeded in extracting the crucial missing element of superconducting pairing interaction from scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments. This breakthrough provides a theoretical explanation for a series of puzzling experimental observations, demonstrating that strong magnetic interactions provide the quantum glue for unconventional superconductivity. Additional insight into the complex properties of strongly correlated and topological materials was provided by investigating their non-equilibrium charge and spin transport properties. The findings demonstrate that the interplay of magnetism and disorder with strong correlations or topology leads to complex and novel behavior that can be exploited to create the next generation of spin electronics and quantum computing devices.
Author: John S. Van Dyke
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319899384
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
This thesis reports a major breakthrough in discovering the superconducting mechanism in CeCoIn5, the “hydrogen atom” among heavy fermion compounds. By developing a novel theoretical formalism, the study described herein succeeded in extracting the crucial missing element of superconducting pairing interaction from scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments. This breakthrough provides a theoretical explanation for a series of puzzling experimental observations, demonstrating that strong magnetic interactions provide the quantum glue for unconventional superconductivity. Additional insight into the complex properties of strongly correlated and topological materials was provided by investigating their non-equilibrium charge and spin transport properties. The findings demonstrate that the interplay of magnetism and disorder with strong correlations or topology leads to complex and novel behavior that can be exploited to create the next generation of spin electronics and quantum computing devices.
Author: Hendrik Bluhm
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110429292
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 405
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Book Description
As a continuation of classical condensed matter physics texts, this graduate textbook introduces advanced topics of correlated electron systems, mesoscopic transport,quantum computing, optical excitations and topological insulators. The book is focusing on an intuitive understanding of the basic concepts of these rather complex subjects.
Author: Masashi Takigawa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Antiferromagnetism
Languages : en
Pages : 173
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Book Description
Author: China Center of Advanced Science and Technology
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
This book addresses present problems and looks towards the future development of new ideas in the field. The series of lectures places emphasis on the theoretical development of high Tc superconducting oxide materials. Contributions include an introduction to strongly correlated systems, the basic concepts of the Mott insulator, the fractional quantum Hall effect and a review of the current thoughts on resonating valence bonds. Research techniques such as variational Monte Carlo methods, mean field theories and topological excitations are also covered. The book will be of general interest and value to graduate students and researchers involved in the study of condensed matter theory.
Author: Wenkai Zheng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This thesis is mainly focus on the 3D topological semimetal and 2D materials. If you ask a physicist to name the most significant discovery in solid-state physics over the recent 50 years, and highly likely, if not high-temperature superconductivity, will be topological materials or 2D materials. The study of them has profoundly impacted our understanding of the solid-state system, as recognized by four Nobel prizes. Chapter 1 is a brief introduction of topological semimetal and 2D materials. Chapter 2 focuses on a quantum oscillatory study on the Dirac type-II semimetallic candidates PdTe2 and PtTe2. In high-quality single crystals of both compounds, id est displaying carrier mobilities between 10^3 and 10^4 cm2/Vs, we observed a large non-saturating magnetoresistivity (MR) which in PtTe2 at a temperature T = 1.3 K, leads to an increase in the resistivity up to 5*10^4% under a magnetic field [mu]0H = 62 T. These high mobilities correlate with their light effective masses in the range of 0.04 to 1 bare electron mass according to our measurements. For PdTe2 the experimentally determined Fermi surface cross-sectional areas show an excellent agreement with those resulting from band-structure calculations. Surprisingly, this is not the case for PtTe2 whose agreement between calculations and experiments is relatively poor even when electronic correlations are included in the calculations. Therefore, our study provides a strong support for the existence of a Dirac type-II node in PdTe2 and probably also for PtTe2. Band structure calculations indicate that the topologically non-trivial bands of PtTe2 do not cross the Fermi-level ([epsilon]F). In contrast, for PdTe2 the Dirac type-II cone does intersect [epsilon]F , although our calculations also indicate that the associated cyclotron orbit on the Fermi surface is located in a distinct kz plane with respect to the one of the Dirac type-II node. Therefore it should yield a trivial Berry-phase. Chapter 3 presents a study on the Fermi-surface of the Dirac type-II semi-metallic candidate NiTe2. In contrast to its isostructural compounds like PtSe2, band structure calculations predict NiTe2 to display a tilted Dirac node very close to its Fermi level that is located along the [gamma] to A high symmetry direction within its first Brillouin zone (FBZ). The angular dependence of the dHvA frequencies is found to be in agreement with the first-principle calculations when the electronicbands are slightly shifted with respect to the Fermi level ([epsilon]F ), and therefore provide support for the existence of a Dirac type-II node in NiTe2. Nevertheless, we observed mild disagreements between experimental observations and density Functional theory calculations as, for example, nearly isotropic and light experimental effective masses. This indicates that the dispersion of the bands is not well captured by DFT. Despite the coexistence of Dirac-like fermions with topologically trivial carriers, samples of the highest quality display an anomalous and large, either linear or sublinear magnetoresistivity. This suggests that Lorentz invariance breaking Dirac-like quasiparticles dominate the carrier transport in this compound. Chapter 4 describes a study on a 2D superconductor. The superconducting [alpha]-phase thin molybdenum carbide flakes were first synthesized, and a subsequent sulfurization treatment induced the formation of vertical heterolayer systems consisting of different phases of molybdenum carbide- ranging from [alpha] to [gamma]' and [gamma] phases-in conjunction with molybdenum sulfide layers. These transition-metal carbide/disulfide heterostructures exhibited critical superconducting temperatures as high as 6 K, higher than that of the starting single-phased [alpha]-Mo2C (4 K). We analyzed possible interface configurations to explain the observed moire patterns resulting from the vertical heterostacks. Our density-functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that epitaxial strain and moire patterns lead to a higher interfacial density of states, which favors superconductivity. Suchengineered heterostructures might allow the coupling of superconductivity to the topologically nontrivial surface states featured by transition-metal carbide phases composing these heterostructures potentially leading to unconventional superconductivity. Moreover, we envisage that our approach could also be generalized to other metal carbide and nitride systems that could exhibit high-temperature superconductivity. In chapter 5, We introduce a new moire system: InSe/GaSe hetero-structure. To date, the moire physics has been constrained mainly by two factors i) the dimensionality, defined by the stacking of monolayers, and ii) the twist angle [phi] which unveils novel phases only at quite precise values (e.g. superconductivity, orbital magnetism, correlated insulator states). Here, we overcome these practical limitations through a new class of heterostructures composed of strongly coupled layers of [gamma]-InSe on [epsilon]-GaSe revealing compelling evidence for the moire potential even in thick stacked layers and at arbitrary values of [phi]. We detect a pronounced interlayer exciton (Xi) of very small radius according to the Stark effect, that is composed of several superimposed emissions uniformly spaced in energy [delta]E displaying a pronounced [phi]-dependence. In the interfacial area, similar behavior is also shown by the intralayer exciton of GaSe (X0(Ga)). The strong correlation between [phi] and [delta]Eimplies localization of excitations at the moire potential minima. In contrast to transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), the moire potential modulates the multi-component Xi over the entire range of [phi] due to their direct band-gap at the center of the Brillouin zone. Therefore, [gamma]-InSe/[epsilon]-GaSe interfaces offer an unprecedented level of moire exciton tunability not yet achieved in other vans der Waals heterostructures. Our results unveil clear pathways for quantum optoelectronics while offering opportunities to study electronic correlations over a broad range of moire periodicities and layer thicknesses.
Author: Albert Furrer
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated
ISBN: 9789810235581
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
I. Theoretical principles of neutron and synchrotron X-ray scattering. Neutron- and synchrotron X-ray scattering (the theoretical principles) / W. E. Fischer -- II. Structure determination. Structure determination by powder synchrotron X-ray diffraction / A. N. Fitch -- Structure determination by powder neutron diffraction / E. Gray and E. Kisi -- Seminar on "structure" / K. Yvon -- III. Magnetism. Magnetic neutron and synchrotron X-ray scattering / W. G Stirling -- Magnetic excitations through the eye of the neutron / W. J. L. Buyers -- Topological excitations in low dimensional magnets / H. B. Braun -- Seminar on "magnetism" / G. H. Lander -- IV. Correlated electron systems. Elastic and inelastic X-ray scattering from correlated electrons: A theoretical perspective / M. Altarelli -- SANS measurements on vortices in superconductors. What can we learn? / V. B. Geshkenbein -- Seminar on "electronic structures" / J. Mesot -- V. Multilayers. From thin films to superlattices studied with X-rays and neutrons / D. E. McMorrow -- Seminar on "multilayers" / S. K. Sinha -- VI. Other topics in condensed matter research. From entropy driven motion to reptation - Large scale dynamics in polymer melts / D. Richter -- Small-angle and surface scattering from porous and fractal materials / S. K. Sinha -- Hot topics in condensed matter physics / H. R. Ott -- Seminar on "dynamics" / B. Dorner -- VII. Beam optics. Neutron beam optics / P. Boni -- Synchrotron X-ray beam optics / A. Freund -- VIII. Summary. Summary lecture: Some features of the scattering and absorption of beams of neutrons and beams of X-rays / S. W. Lovesey
Author: B. Andrei Bernevig
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400846730
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
This graduate-level textbook is the first pedagogical synthesis of the field of topological insulators and superconductors, one of the most exciting areas of research in condensed matter physics. Presenting the latest developments, while providing all the calculations necessary for a self-contained and complete description of the discipline, it is ideal for graduate students and researchers preparing to work in this area, and it will be an essential reference both within and outside the classroom. The book begins with simple concepts such as Berry phases, Dirac fermions, Hall conductance and its link to topology, and the Hofstadter problem of lattice electrons in a magnetic field. It moves on to explain topological phases of matter such as Chern insulators, two- and three-dimensional topological insulators, and Majorana p-wave wires. Additionally, the book covers zero modes on vortices in topological superconductors, time-reversal topological superconductors, and topological responses/field theory and topological indices. The book also analyzes recent topics in condensed matter theory and concludes by surveying active subfields of research such as insulators with point-group symmetries and the stability of topological semimetals. Problems at the end of each chapter offer opportunities to test knowledge and engage with frontier research issues. Topological Insulators and Topological Superconductors will provide graduate students and researchers with the physical understanding and mathematical tools needed to embark on research in this rapidly evolving field.
Author: Edoardo Baldini
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319774980
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
This book studies the dynamics of fundamental collective excitations in quantum materials, focusing on the use of state-of-the-art ultrafast broadband optical spectroscopy. Collective behaviour in solids lies at the origin of several cooperative phenomena that can lead to profound transformations, instabilities and phase transitions. Revealing the dynamics of collective excitations is a topic of pivotal importance in contemporary condensed matter physics, as it provides information on the strength and spatial distribution of interactions and correlation. The experimental framework explored in this book relies on setting a material out-of-equilibrium by an ultrashort laser pulse and monitoring the photo-induced changes in its optical properties over a broad spectral region in the visible or deep-ultraviolet. Collective excitations (e.g. plasmons, excitons, phonons...) emerge either in the frequency domain as spectral features across the probed range, or in the time domain as coherent modes triggered by the pump pulse. Mapping the temporal evolution of these collective excitations provides access to the hierarchy of low-energy phenomena occurring in the solid during its path towards thermodynamic equilibrium. This methodology is used to investigate a number of strongly interacting and correlated materials with an increasing degree of internal complexity beyond conventional band theory.
Author: Sanju Gupta
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319765965
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
This book presents the most important advances in the class of topological materials and discusses the topological characterization, modeling and metrology of materials. Further, it addresses currently emerging characterization techniques such as optical and acoustic, vibrational spectroscopy (Brillouin, infrared, Raman), electronic, magnetic, fluorescence correlation imaging, laser lithography, small angle X-ray and neutron scattering and other techniques, including site-selective nanoprobes. The book analyzes the topological aspects to identify and quantify these effects in terms of topology metrics. The topological materials are ubiquitous and range from (i) de novo nanoscale allotropes of carbons in various forms such as nanotubes, nanorings, nanohorns, nanowalls, peapods, graphene, etc. to (ii) metallo-organic frameworks, (iii) helical gold nanotubes, (iv) Möbius conjugated polymers, (v) block co-polymers, (vi) supramolecular assemblies, to (vii) a variety of biological and soft-matter systems, e.g. foams and cellular materials, vesicles of different shapes and genera, biomimetic membranes, and filaments, (viii) topological insulators and topological superconductors, (ix) a variety of Dirac materials including Dirac and Weyl semimetals, as well as (x) knots and network structures. Topological databases and algorithms to model such materials have been also established in this book. In order to understand and properly characterize these important emergent materials, it is necessary to go far beyond the traditional paradigm of microscopic structure–property–function relationships to a paradigm that explicitly incorporates topological aspects from the outset to characterize and/or predict the physical properties and currently untapped functionalities of these advanced materials. Simulation and modeling tools including quantum chemistry, molecular dynamics, 3D visualization and tomography are also indispensable. These concepts have found applications in condensed matter physics, materials science and engineering, physical chemistry and biophysics, and the various topics covered in the book have potential applications in connection with novel synthesis techniques, sensing and catalysis. As such, the book offers a unique resource for graduate students and researchers alike.
Author: Luca Spiridigliozzi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1040222358
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 193
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Book Description
"Order from Chaos: Theoretical Principles and Practical Aspects of the New Class of High-Entropy Materials" offers a comprehensive exploration of High-Entropy Materials, a novel class of materials characterized by complex compositions and unexpected properties. The book delves into the fundamental principles underlying the formation and stabilization of differently structured High-Entropy Ceramics, presenting a detailed analysis of their main physical and technological properties. Moreover, the book discusses the challenges and future prospects of High-Entropy Ceramics as well as their potential applications in various industrial sectors, making it a useful resource for researchers and engineers in the field of advanced ceramics.
