Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264168982
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 267
Book Description
This book examines the gains that might be made by a territorial approach to policymaking that integrates sectoral policies, fosters value-added in rural activities, and links SME-development and FDI-attraction policies as well as innovation capacities and applications.
OECD Territorial Reviews: Chihuahua, Mexico 2012
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264168982
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 267
Book Description
This book examines the gains that might be made by a territorial approach to policymaking that integrates sectoral policies, fosters value-added in rural activities, and links SME-development and FDI-attraction policies as well as innovation capacities and applications.
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264168982
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 267
Book Description
This book examines the gains that might be made by a territorial approach to policymaking that integrates sectoral policies, fosters value-added in rural activities, and links SME-development and FDI-attraction policies as well as innovation capacities and applications.
Boosting Competitiveness Through Decentralization
Author: Aylin Topal
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317173236
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Book Description
Decentralization is accepted as one of the defining features of the third wave of democratic transitions in Latin America and commonly understood as an index and an agent of democratization. This rather optimistic perspective is inherent in the literature which is dominated by two theories. The liberal-individualist approach, especially as advocated by the World Bank, promotes decentralization policies on the premise of their efficiency, equity, and responsiveness to local demands. Similarly, the statist approach claims that decentralization can be the route to greater accountability, transparency and participation in governance; they add that this path should be guided by political elites and institutions. These dominant views nevertheless understate the extent to which certain decentralization policies have been implemented in lockstep with neoliberalization. This book examines the relationship between global economic processes and decentralization. It argues that through decentralization policies, the imperatives of neoliberal rules of competitiveness have been diffused into local governments and economies, generating different local development models. Whether decentralization produces democratic opening at the local level is contingent on how the local economy is integrated into global economic processes, and which social and economic groups are empowered, and disempowered, in that transition.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317173236
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Book Description
Decentralization is accepted as one of the defining features of the third wave of democratic transitions in Latin America and commonly understood as an index and an agent of democratization. This rather optimistic perspective is inherent in the literature which is dominated by two theories. The liberal-individualist approach, especially as advocated by the World Bank, promotes decentralization policies on the premise of their efficiency, equity, and responsiveness to local demands. Similarly, the statist approach claims that decentralization can be the route to greater accountability, transparency and participation in governance; they add that this path should be guided by political elites and institutions. These dominant views nevertheless understate the extent to which certain decentralization policies have been implemented in lockstep with neoliberalization. This book examines the relationship between global economic processes and decentralization. It argues that through decentralization policies, the imperatives of neoliberal rules of competitiveness have been diffused into local governments and economies, generating different local development models. Whether decentralization produces democratic opening at the local level is contingent on how the local economy is integrated into global economic processes, and which social and economic groups are empowered, and disempowered, in that transition.
Leadership and Institutions in Regional Endogenous Development
Author: Robert John Stimson
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1848449437
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 163
Book Description
The authors of this comprehensive book provide a detailed rationale and original theory for the study of leadership and institutional factors, including entrepreneurship, in the growth and development of cities and regions. They demonstrate why leadership, institutions and entrepreneurship can – and indeed do – play a crucial enhancing role as key elements in the process of regional endogenous growth. The so-called 'new growth theory' emphasizes endogenous processes. While some of the literature refers to leadership and institutional factors, there has been little analysis of the explicit roles these factors play in the growth and development of cities and regions. This book remedies that gap, beginning with a brief overview of the evolution of the 'new growth theory' in regional economic development, in which the emphasis is on endogenous factors. The book then discusses leadership and institutional factors in that context, creating a new path for understanding regional economic development processes. Multiple case studies from different parts of the world illustrate the theoretical concepts.Students and scholars in regional development, planning and public policy will find this volume invaluable.
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1848449437
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 163
Book Description
The authors of this comprehensive book provide a detailed rationale and original theory for the study of leadership and institutional factors, including entrepreneurship, in the growth and development of cities and regions. They demonstrate why leadership, institutions and entrepreneurship can – and indeed do – play a crucial enhancing role as key elements in the process of regional endogenous growth. The so-called 'new growth theory' emphasizes endogenous processes. While some of the literature refers to leadership and institutional factors, there has been little analysis of the explicit roles these factors play in the growth and development of cities and regions. This book remedies that gap, beginning with a brief overview of the evolution of the 'new growth theory' in regional economic development, in which the emphasis is on endogenous factors. The book then discusses leadership and institutional factors in that context, creating a new path for understanding regional economic development processes. Multiple case studies from different parts of the world illustrate the theoretical concepts.Students and scholars in regional development, planning and public policy will find this volume invaluable.
Re-aligning Actors in an Urbanized World
Author: I. Baud
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351723782
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 656
Book Description
This title was first published in 2003. In the 1980s, discussions on urban, regional and international development were dominated by those advocating liberalism and free markets. In the 1990s, the experiences of many countries from the previous Soviet Union and those following socialist development models in the South have led to a renewed interest in the democratic institutions that underpin economic development processes. Thus, the state has come back into focus as an "enabler", a co-ordinating agency working with a variety of other organizations in different forms of partnership aimed at urban and regional development. At the same time, increasing disparities between rich and poor have led poor urban households to organize collectively against poverty and to promote community and neighbourhood development. This title examines how both these processes take place, looking at patterns of fundamental re-aligning between state, civil society and the market in an integrated manner. It focuses on urban and regional development, because at the local and regional levels the direct interface between local government, the local and global market, and civil society organizations occurs. The question of re-alignment is considered from three main perspectives: governance and community organization issues at local level, urban areas as motors of economic development and their interface with globalization processes, and urban areas as the nodes of regional development. In each part of the book, one of these perspectives is taken. The contributions of the different authors are grouped around these complementary perspectives. Changing alignment patterns also have far-reaching implications. In the last section, the relation between research and policy around these issues is considered, based on reflections by policy makers and academics who have been influential both nationally and internationally.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351723782
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 656
Book Description
This title was first published in 2003. In the 1980s, discussions on urban, regional and international development were dominated by those advocating liberalism and free markets. In the 1990s, the experiences of many countries from the previous Soviet Union and those following socialist development models in the South have led to a renewed interest in the democratic institutions that underpin economic development processes. Thus, the state has come back into focus as an "enabler", a co-ordinating agency working with a variety of other organizations in different forms of partnership aimed at urban and regional development. At the same time, increasing disparities between rich and poor have led poor urban households to organize collectively against poverty and to promote community and neighbourhood development. This title examines how both these processes take place, looking at patterns of fundamental re-aligning between state, civil society and the market in an integrated manner. It focuses on urban and regional development, because at the local and regional levels the direct interface between local government, the local and global market, and civil society organizations occurs. The question of re-alignment is considered from three main perspectives: governance and community organization issues at local level, urban areas as motors of economic development and their interface with globalization processes, and urban areas as the nodes of regional development. In each part of the book, one of these perspectives is taken. The contributions of the different authors are grouped around these complementary perspectives. Changing alignment patterns also have far-reaching implications. In the last section, the relation between research and policy around these issues is considered, based on reflections by policy makers and academics who have been influential both nationally and internationally.
Local Economic Development in Africa
Author: Tegegne Gebre-Egziabher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 354
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 354
Book Description
Decentralizing the State
Author: Kathleen O'Neill
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781139444804
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 290
Book Description
This book, first published in 2005, explores the location and dynamics of power within the state, focusing on a recent wave of decentralizing reforms that have swept across both developed and developing countries in recent years. Variation in the timing of reform across countries only vaguely relates to the genesis of an international consensus pushed by big lenders and development banks or the reemergence of democracy in decentralizing countries. The book develops a theory linking decentralization's adoption to the electoral concerns of political parties: decentralization represents a desirable strategy for parties whose support at subnational levels appears more secure than their prospects in national elections. It examines this argument against experiences in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela and speculates on how recent political changes may affect decentralization's shape and extent in coming years.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781139444804
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 290
Book Description
This book, first published in 2005, explores the location and dynamics of power within the state, focusing on a recent wave of decentralizing reforms that have swept across both developed and developing countries in recent years. Variation in the timing of reform across countries only vaguely relates to the genesis of an international consensus pushed by big lenders and development banks or the reemergence of democracy in decentralizing countries. The book develops a theory linking decentralization's adoption to the electoral concerns of political parties: decentralization represents a desirable strategy for parties whose support at subnational levels appears more secure than their prospects in national elections. It examines this argument against experiences in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela and speculates on how recent political changes may affect decentralization's shape and extent in coming years.
Fractured Cities
Author: Dirk Kruijt
Publisher: Zed Books Ltd.
ISBN: 1848136749
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
As cities sprawl across Latin America, absorbing more and more of its people, crime and violence have become inescapable. From the paramilitary invasion of Medell¡n in Colombia, the booming wealth of crack dealers in Managua, Nicaragua and police corruption in Mexico City, to the glimmers of hope in Lima, this book provides a dynamic analysis of urban insecurity. Based on new empirical evidence, interviews with local people and historical contextualization, the authors attempts to shed light on the fault-lines which have appeared in Latin American society. Neoliberal economic policy, it is argued, has intensified the gulf between elites, insulated in gated estates monitored by private security firms, and the poor, who are increasingly mistrustful of state-sponsored attempts to impose order on their slums. Rather than the current trend towards government withdrawal, the situation can only be improved by co-operation between communities and police to build new networks of trust. In the end, violence and insecurity are inseparable from social justice and democracy.
Publisher: Zed Books Ltd.
ISBN: 1848136749
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
As cities sprawl across Latin America, absorbing more and more of its people, crime and violence have become inescapable. From the paramilitary invasion of Medell¡n in Colombia, the booming wealth of crack dealers in Managua, Nicaragua and police corruption in Mexico City, to the glimmers of hope in Lima, this book provides a dynamic analysis of urban insecurity. Based on new empirical evidence, interviews with local people and historical contextualization, the authors attempts to shed light on the fault-lines which have appeared in Latin American society. Neoliberal economic policy, it is argued, has intensified the gulf between elites, insulated in gated estates monitored by private security firms, and the poor, who are increasingly mistrustful of state-sponsored attempts to impose order on their slums. Rather than the current trend towards government withdrawal, the situation can only be improved by co-operation between communities and police to build new networks of trust. In the end, violence and insecurity are inseparable from social justice and democracy.
International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251091870
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 37
Book Description
The understanding that some pesticides are more hazardous than others is well established. Recognition of this is reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO) Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard, which was first published in 1975. The document classifies pesticides in one of five hazard classes according to their acute toxicity. In 2002, the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) was introduced, which in addition to acute toxicity also provides classification of chemicals according to their chronic health hazards and environmental hazards.
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251091870
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 37
Book Description
The understanding that some pesticides are more hazardous than others is well established. Recognition of this is reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO) Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard, which was first published in 1975. The document classifies pesticides in one of five hazard classes according to their acute toxicity. In 2002, the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) was introduced, which in addition to acute toxicity also provides classification of chemicals according to their chronic health hazards and environmental hazards.
Planning Local Economic Development
Author: Edward J. Blakely
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 0761924582
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 417
Book Description
Exploring the theories of local economic development that are relevant to dilemmas facing communities today, this third edition expands on issues such as the planning process, analytical techniques and high-technology strategies.
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 0761924582
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 417
Book Description
Exploring the theories of local economic development that are relevant to dilemmas facing communities today, this third edition expands on issues such as the planning process, analytical techniques and high-technology strategies.
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease
Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 728
Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 728
Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.